Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Alanine, and Thyroid Function: A Cross-Sectional, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Based Approach from ELSA-Brasil.

The association of thyroid function with essential and non-essential amino acids is understudied, despite their common metabolic roles. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the association of thyroid function with the levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs-leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and of alanine in the general population. We utilized data from the São Paulo research center of ELSA-Brasil, a longitudinal population-based cohort study.

Associations of TSH, free T3, free T4, and conversion ratio with incident hypertension: results from the prospective Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To evaluate the association of TSH, free T3 (FT3), free T4 (FT4), and conversion (FT3:FT4) ratio values with incident hypertension.

Materials And Methods: The study included data from participants of the ELSA-Brasil study without baseline hypertension. Serum TSH, FT4 and FT3 levels, and FT3:FT4 ratio values were assessed at baseline, and incident hypertension (defined by blood pressure levels ≥ 140/90 mmHg) was estimated over a median of 8.

The Relationship between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, TNF-α, and IL-10 Gene Expression.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the major chronic diseases in children worldwide. This study aimed to investigate interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene expression and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in T1DM. A total of 107 patients were included, 15 were T1DM in ketoacidosis, 30 patients had T1DM and HbA1c ≥ 8%; 32 patients had T1DM and presented HbA1c < 8%; and 30 were controls.

Approach to adult patients with primary hypothyroidism in some special situations: a position statement from the Thyroid Department of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism (SBEM).

Primary hypothyroidism is a common disorder in clinical practice. The management of most cases of hypothyroidism is usually straightforward, but the best approach in some special situations may raise questions among physicians. This position statement was prepared by experts from the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism to guide the management of three special situations, namely, hypothyroidism in the elderly, subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with heart disease, and difficult-to-control hypothyroidism.

Chronic inflammatory diseases, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases: Design, objectives, and baseline characteristics of a prospective case-cohort study ‒ ELSA-Brasil.

Objectives: This analysis describes the protocol of a study with a case-cohort to design to prospectively evaluate the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Chronic Inflammatory Disease (CID) participants compared to non-diseased ones.

Methods: A high-risk group for CID was defined based on data collected in all visits on self-reported medical diagnosis, use of medicines, and levels of high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein >10 mg/L. The comparison group is the Aleatory Cohort Sample (ACS): a group with 10% of participants selected at baseline who represent the entire cohort.

Level of physical activity and gene expression of IL-10 and TNF-α in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes.

Aims: The gene expressions of IL-10 and TNF-α have been identified as important factors of the clinical condition in type I diabetes mellitus (DM1). However, the effect of physical exercise on the expression of these markers is poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between the level of physical activity (LPA) and the gene expressions of IL-10 and TNF-α, as the relationship with glycemic control and insulin reserve in children and adolescents with DM1.

Incidence of TPOAb over a 4-year follow-up period: results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: Although some previous data have suggested a high iodine intake in Brazil, the prevalence of antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb) in the country is compatible with rates from countries with adequate iodine intake. This observation emphasizes the importance of knowing the incidence of TPOAb in Brazil.

Methods: This prospective analysis included euthyroid participants with negative TPOAb at baseline and a thyroid function assessment at a 4-year follow-up.

Urinary iodine and sodium concentration and thyroid status in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objectives: To evaluate urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in civil servants aged 35-74 years of the Brazilian Study of Adults Health (ELSA-Brasil) to analyze its relationship with sociodemographic, clinical risk factors, lifestyle, urinary Na and thyroid status.

Design: Cross-sectional study in six Brazilian cities.

Methods: This analysis included 792 participants with information about urinary iodine concentration (UIC).

Incidence of thyroid diseases: Results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objective: To evaluate incidence of subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

Methods: The Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) is a prospective cohort study of 15,105 civil servants, examined at baseline and over a 4-year follow-up. This analysis included 9,705 participants with normal thyroid function at baseline, follow-up information about thyroid function and with no report of using drugs that may interfere in the thyroid function.

A practical contemporary approach to decision-making on subclinical hypothyroidism.

Subclinical hypothyroidism (Shypo) is an increasingly frequent condition in common medical practice. Its diagnosis continues to pose a challenge since a series of non-thyroidal and temporary conditions can elevate serum TSH levels. In addition, the consequences of Shypo are still up for debate.

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of hypothyroidism.

Introduction: Hypothyroidism has long been known for its effects on different organ systems, leading to hypometabolism. However, subclinical hypothyroidism, its most prevalent form, has been recently related to cardiovascular risk and also to maternal-fetal complications in pregnant women.

Objectives: In these clinical practice guidelines, several aspects of this field have been discussed with the clear objectives of helping physicians treat patients with hypothyroidism, and of sharing some of our Latin American-based clinical experience.

[Pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases].

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disorder affecting 2% to 5% of the population in Western countries. Clinical presentation varies from hyperthyroidism in Graves' Disease to hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. While the exact etiology of thyroid autoimmunity is not known, interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors appears to be of fundamental importance to initiate the process of thyroid autoimmunity.

[Subclinical thyroid disease: subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism].

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) are defined as normal serum free T4 and T3 levels associated with elevated (SHT) or subnormal (SCH) serum TSH levels, respectively. Symptoms and signs of thyroid dysfunction are scarce. The prevalence is low.