Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer mortality in Brazil.

Background: In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, data projections indicated an increase in cancer mortality for the following years due to the overload of health services and the replacement of health priorities. The first studies published with data from mortality records have not confirmed these projections. However, cancer mortality is not an outcome that occurs immediately, and analyses with more extended follow-up periods are necessary.

Sex Differences in Diagnosis and Treatment Timing of Comorbid Depression/Anxiety and Disease Subtypes in Patients With ADHD: A Database Study.

Objective: Our study examined the impact of sex, ADHD subtype, and comorbid illnesses (depression/anxiety) on the timing of diagnosis and treatment for ADHD.

Method: To analyze ADHD patients, four health databases were used to assess subtype, comorbid mood, and antidepressant or anxiolytic drug exposure. Analyses were stratified by sex and age.

Social Inequalities in Child Development: Analysis of Low-Birth-Weight Trends in Brazil, 2010-2020.

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is a global issue prevalent in low-income countries. Economic assessments of interventions to reduce this burden are crucial to guide health policies. However, there is a relative scarcity of research that illustrates the magnitude of LBW by country and region to support the design of public policies.

Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence: analysis of trends and spatial distribution in the 133 intermediate Brazilian regions grouped by macroregions.

Objective: To assess the magnitude, trend, and spatial patterns of childhood and adolescent cancer mortality between 1996 and 2017 in 133 Brazilian intermediate regions by using socioeconomic and healthcare services indicators.

Methods: This is an ecological study for analyzing the trend of mortality from cancer in childhood and adolescence through time series. Data on deaths were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System.

Occupational accident indicators among Social Security beneficiaries: temporal trend and magnitude in Brazil and its regions, 2009-2019.

Objective: To evaluate the temporal trend and magnitude of occupational accident indicators among Social Security beneficiaries in Brazil and its regions from 2009 to 2019.

Methods: A time series study was conducted on occupational accident indicators in the regions of Brazil, from 2009 to 2019. Data were retrieved from the Statistical Yearbook of Occupational Accidents and the Statistical Yearbook of Social Security.

Survival inequalities in head and neck cancers: A hospital-based cohort study.

Background: We investigated whether the socioeconomic status (SES) influenced survival rates in oropharynx cancers (OPC), oral cavity cancers (OCC), and larynx cancers (LC) in Brazilian patients.

Methods: This hospital-based cohort study assessed the age-standardized 5-year relative survival (RS) using the Pohar Perme estimator.

Results: Overall, we identified 37 191 cases, and 5-year RS were 24.

Hospitalizations for oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil by the SUS: impacts of the covid-19 pandemic.

Objective: To analyze the impact of the different phases of the covid-19 pandemic on hospitalizations for oral (CaB) and oropharyngeal (CaOR) cancer in Brazil, carried out within the scope of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Methods: We obtained data regarding hospital admissions due to CaB and CaOR between January 2018 and August 2021 from the SUS Hospital Information System, analyzing hospital admissions as rates per 100,000 inhabitants. We divided the pandemic (January 2020 to August 2021) and pre-pandemic (January 2018 to December 2019) periods into four-month periods, comparing the pandemic period rates with analogous rates for the pre-pandemic period - for Brazil, by macro-region and by a group of procedures performed during hospitalization.

Polypill use for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: A position paper.

Cardiovascular (CV) guidelines stress the need for global intervention to manage risk factors and reduce the risk of major vascular events. Growing evidence supports the use of polypill as a strategy to prevent cerebral and cardiovascular disease, however it is still underused in clinical practice. This paper presents an expert consensus aimed to summarize the data regarding polypill use.

Efficacy and Safety of Paliperidone Palmitate 6-Month versus Paliperidone Palmitate 3-Month Long-Acting Injectable in European Patients with Schizophrenia: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Global Phase-3 Double-Blind Randomized Non-Inferiority Study.

Purpose: To examine efficacy and safety of paliperidone palmitate (PP) 6-month (PP6M) vs PP3-month (PP3M) long acting injectable (LAI) in patients with schizophrenia from European sites previously stabilized on PP3M or PP1-month (PP1M).

Methods: This post-hoc subgroup analysis used data from a global phase-3 double-blind (DB) randomized non-inferiority study (NCT03345342). Patients were randomized (2:1, respectively) to receive dorsogluteal injections of PP6M (700 mg eq.

The Effect of Longer Dosing Intervals for Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics on Outcomes in Schizophrenia.

Medication nonadherence in schizophrenia can have serious implications including relapses and hospitalization. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics require fewer administrations, while ensuring sustained medication coverage. In this review, we summarize the expected real-world benefits of longer dosing intervals in the management of schizophrenia.

[Factors associated with inequalities in social conditions in the health of elderly white, brown and black people in the city of São Paulo, Brazil].

The scope of this study is to identify determining factors of disparities in social conditions in the health of non-institutionalized elderly people in the city of São Paulo, from the standpoint of self-declaration of skin color. It is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1,017 elderly participants in the "2015 Health Survey of the Municipality of São Paulo". The analysis used crude and adjusted Poisson regression models, reporting the prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals as a measure of association between the variables.

Time trend and Age-Period-Cohort analysis of potentially HPV-related oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence in Singapore between 1968 and 2017.

Objectives: To examine trends and age-period-cohort effects (APC) on oral and pharyngeal cancers incidence in Singapore between 1968 and 2017 by human papillomavirus (HPV) status.

Methods: All diagnosed oral and pharyngeal cancers and population size were extracted from the Singapore Cancer Registry and the Department of Statistics Singapore, respectively. Anatomical subsites were used as a proxy for HPV infection.

Self-assessed masticatory function and frailty in Brazilian older adults: the FIBRA Study.

Objetive: To investigate the relationship between the masticatory function and the frailty of older people.

Methods: Exploratory cross-sectional study using secondary data from the FIBRA Project on the frailty conditions of older people living in urban areas of six Brazilian municipalities, from 2008 to 2009. The population consisted of older adults aged 65 and over with no cognitive impairment.

How oral health literacy and parental behavior during the meals relate to dental caries in children.

This cross-sectional study aimed to verify the influence of parental behavior on the development of dental caries in children by assessing parents' behavior during their children's meals and their parental level of oral health literacy. This study was conducted with children aged 2 to 4 in Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil. Six hundred and thirty children were examined to assess the prevalence of dental caries (dmft index).

Prolonged breastfeeding, sugar consumption and dental caries at 2 years of age: A birth cohort study.

Objectives: Previous cohort studies have found a positive association between prolonged breastfeeding (≥12 months) on dental caries, but few of them analysed the mediated effect of sugar consumption on this association. This study investigated whether prolonged breastfeeding is a risk factor for caries at 2-year follow-up assessment (21-27 months of age) and whether this effect is mediated by sugar consumption.

Methods: A birth cohort study was performed in the Brazilian Amazon (n = 800).

Impact of redistributing deaths by ill-defined causes in oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Brazil.

Less-than-optimal reliability of mortality information systems regarding the underlying cause of death can mask the reality of oral (OC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) mortality. This study aimed to assess the impact on the magnitude and temporal trends of OC and OPC mortality in Brazil of two statistical approaches to redistribute deaths with ill-defined underlying causes. We analyzed deaths with ill-defined causes in Brazil by macro-region, between 1996-2018.

The tendency of stunting among children under five in the Northern Region of Brazil, according to the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, 2008-2017.

Objective: To analyze the temporal tendency of stunting prevalence among children under five years of age registered in the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System (SISVAN) in the Brazilian Northern Region, from 2008 to 2017.

Methods: Ecological time-series study with data from SISVAN. The annual variation rate for the prevalence of undernutrition, measured by the presence of stunting (low height-for-age index), was estimated for the Northern Region and for each of its states using the Prais-Winsten regression model with and without variable adjustment for SISVAN coverage to explore the relationship between these variables.

Relationship between oral health literacy of caregivers and the oral health-related quality of life of children: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Oral health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate oral health decisions. However, scientific evidence about the oral health literacy of caregivers and the children's oral health-related quality of life. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between the level of oral health literacy of caregivers and the children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL).