Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and liver transplantation, a new paradigm.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a type of hemolytic anemia acquired by the PIG-A gene mutation. This causes a deficiency of a complement regulatory protein, CD59, which results in hemolysis, hemoglobinuria and thrombosis (due to the release of procoagulant factors). Budd-Chiari syndrome is characteristic in these patients and has classically been considered as a contraindication for liver transplantation (LT) due to post-transplant recurrence.

The role of endoscopy in caustic ingestion in the pediatric population: experience in a tertiary center.

Introduction: caustic ingestion in children is rare but has potentially serious consequences.

Aim: to analyze the clinical and endoscopic features and the type of caustic ingested in our population.

Methods: the upper endoscopies performed in this setting, as well as the characteristics of patients and caustics, were analyzed from 2010 to 2018.