miR-3065-5p and miR-26a-5p as Clinical Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: A Translational Study.

: The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is mainly based on the clinical stage; however, CRC is considered a complex disease due to its molecular heterogeneity. The development of novel biomarkers to improve patients' diagnosis and prognosis remains fundamental. : A cohort of forty-nine CRC patients from the National Cancer Institute of Mexico was included to collect clinical and miRNA expression data.

Liver Cirrhosis: The Immunocompromised State.

Systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency are important components of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction (CAID), the severity of which is dynamic, progressive, and associated with the greater deterioration of liver function. Two inflammation phenotypes have been described: low-grade and high-grade systemic inflammation. Both of these phenotypes are related to liver cirrhosis function; thus, high-grade inflammation is correlated with the severity of hepatic insufficiency, bacterial translocation, and organic insufficiency, with which the risk of infections increases and the prognosis worsens.

Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin with basal-plus insulin regimen versus insulin alone in non-critically ill hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes: SITA-PLUS hospital trial.

Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of basal-plus (BP) insulin regimen with or without sitagliptin in non-critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This open-label, randomized clinical trial included inpatients with a previous diagnosis of T2D and blood glucose (BG) between 180 and 400 mg/dL. Participants received basal and correctional insulin doses (BP regimen) either with or without sitagliptin.

Investigation of the DNA Damage and Oxidative Effect Induced by Venlafaxine in Mouse Brain and Liver Cells.

Venlafaxine is an antidepressant used worldwide. Therefore, studies to confirm its safe use are mandatory. This report evaluated the drug DNA damage capacity in the brain and liver of ICR mice, and its oxidative effect on DNA, lipids, and proteins, as well as the amount of nitrites, also in the brain and liver.

Development of a Nanostructured Electrochemical Genosensor for the Detection of the K-ras Gene.

In the scientific literature, it has been documented that electrochemical genosensors are novel analytical tools with proven clinical diagnostic potential for the identification of carcinogenic processes due to genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as infectious diseases due to viruses or bacteria. In the present work, we describe the construction of an electrochemical genosensor for the identification of the k12p.1 mutation; it was based on use of Screen-Printed Gold Electrode (SPGE), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), for the monitoring the electron transfer trough the functionalized nanostructured surface and corresponding morphological changes.

The Effects of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers and Non-Healthcare Workers in Mexico: 14 Months into the Pandemic.

Healthcare workers (HCWs) play important roles in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic and are more likely to become infected with COVID-19. Mexico, among other countries, had a high incidence and prevalence of cases and deaths from this disease. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical characteristics as well as the geographical distribution of cases, deaths, and active cases of COVID-19 in HCWs and non-HCWs using official information from the Ministry of Health of Mexico.

Persistent organic and inorganic pollutants in the effluents from the textile dyeing industries: Ecotoxicology appraisal via a battery of biotests.

Today, the textile industry is considered as a leading economic sector in Tunisia. However, this sector demands a huge volume of water and a wide spectrum of chemicals, which is converted into potentially toxic wastewater leading to environmental perturbation and human health toxicity. Assessment of the environmental risks associated with textile wastewater becomes a necessity.

Ecotoxicity profile of heavily contaminated surface water of two rivers in Tunisia.

Persistent organic and inorganic contaminants generated by industrial effluent wastes poses a threat to the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems and public health. The Khniss and Hamdoun rivers, located in the central-east of Tunisia, receive regularly domestic and textile wastewater load. The present study aimed to survey the water quality of these rivers using physicochemical, analytical and toxicological approaches.

Garlic ( L.): A Brief Review of Its Antigenotoxic Effects.

Traditional Medicine/Complementary and Alternative Medicine is a practice that incorporates medicine based on plants, animals, and minerals for diagnosing, treating, and preventing certain diseases, including chronic degenerative diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Different factors generate its continued acceptance, highlighting its diversity, easy access, low cost, and the presence of relatively few adverse effects and, importantly, a high possibility of discovering antigenotoxic agents. In this regard, it is known that the use of different antigenotoxic agents is an efficient alternative to preventing human cancer and that, in general, these can act by means of a combination of various mechanisms of action and against one or various mutagens and/or carcinogens.

Association between Interictal Epileptiform Discharges and Autistic Spectrum Disorder.

It has been reported that bioelectric alterations in an electroencephalogram (EEG) may play an etiological role in neurodevelopmental disorders. The clinical impact of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in association with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is unknown. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is one of the gold standards for the diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorder.

Evidence of Some Natural Products with Antigenotoxic Effects. Part 2: Plants, Vegetables, and Natural Resin.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The agents capable of causing damage to genetic material are known as genotoxins and, according to their mode of action, are classified into mutagens, carcinogens, or teratogens. Genotoxins are also involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic degenerative diseases, including hepatic, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular disorders; diabetes; arthritis; cancer; chronic inflammation; and ageing.

Effect of Extract and Ellagic Acid from on the Antioxidant Defense System in An Induced-Necrosis Model.

has been used in traditional therapies as an antiseptic, antipyretic, and as analgesic. The present study was designed to evaluate the pretreatment with total extract (GS) and its active metabolites on stimulating the endogenous antioxidant defense system (EADS): catalase (Cat), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione reduction index (RI GSH/GSSG) in rat liver treated with a sublethal dose (6.6 mmol/Kg) of thioacetamide (TAA) in order to probe the capacity of GS and the active compounds to reduce liver injury.

Molecular recognition between potential natural inhibitors of the Keap1-Nrf2 complex.

Disrupting the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway enhances Nrf2 activity, which has been identified as an important approach for the prevention of different chronic diseases in which oxidative stress and inflammation are present, such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Based on the high potential to modulate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties that the discovery of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction inhibitors would represent, the utilization of some natural compounds has emerged as a promising strategy to identify new drugs. To gain insight into the structural and energetic basis of the molecular recognition between some natural inhibitors that could work as inhibitors of the Keap1-Nrf2 complex, we evaluated the binding properties between four natural compounds present in the extract of Geranium schiedeanum (Gs): 3-O-a-L arabinofuranoside-7-O-a-l-rhamnopyranoside of kaempferol (KAM), gallic acid (GAL), ellagic acid (ELL) and geranium acetonitrile (ACE), which based on experimental findings have been proposed as possible Keap1-Nrf2 PPI inhibitors.

EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CAPACITY OF BETA-SITOSTEROL IN RODENT ASSAYS.

Background: Beta-sitosterol (BS) is a compound discovered to be present in numerous plants. A number of interesting biomedical properties have been attributed to BS, including immuno-modulating and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the aim of this report was to evaluate its anti-inflammatory capacity by applying various rodent experimental tests.

Evidence of Some Natural Products with Antigenotoxic Effects. Part 1: Fruits and Polysaccharides.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. The agents capable of causing damage to genetic material are known  as genotoxins and, according to their mode of action, are classified into mutagens, carcinogens or teratogens. Genotoxins are  involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic degenerative diseases including hepatic, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular  disorders, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, chronic inflammation and ageing.

Premixed Insulin Analogue Compared with Basal-Plus Regimen for Inpatient Glycemic Control.

Background: No previous studies have investigated the use of a premixed insulin analogue in a hospital setting.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of treatment with premixed insulin analogue (insulin lispro mix 75/25, LM75/25) with the basal-plus regimen with insulin glargine in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: A randomized clinical trial in hospitalized patients with T2D and glucose >140 mg/dL on admission was performed.

A descriptive, cross-sectional study characterizing bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis and gout by ultrasound.

The aim of this study is to characterize bone erosions in metatarsal heads (MTH) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and gout by grayscale ultrasound. In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, we evaluated 40 patients with RA and 40 with gout, both diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria, respectively. All patients had bone erosion demonstrated by ultrasound, which was used, following OMERACT criteria, to describe the shape, size, number, border definition, overhanging margin, topography (intra- or extra-articular), and distribution (over dorsal, medial, lateral, or plantar aspect) of the lesions in the MTH.

Inhibitory Effect of Spirulina maxima on the Azoxymethane-induced Aberrant Colon Crypts and Oxidative Damage in Mice.

Background: Spirulina maxima (Sm) is a cyanobacterium well known because of its high nutritive value, as well as its anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-genotoxic activities.

Objective: To determine the capacity of Sm to inhibit the induction of aberrant colon crypts (AC), as well as the level of lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidative damage in mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM).

Materials And Methods: Sm (100, 400, and 800 mg/kg) was daily administered to animals by the oral route during 4 weeks, while AOM (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to mice twice in weeks 2 and 3 of the assay.

Prevention of Aflatoxin B₁-Induced DNA Breaks by β-D-Glucan.

Aflatoxins are a group of naturally-occurring carcinogens that are known to contaminate different human and animal foodstuffs. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most genotoxic hepatocarcinogenic compound of all of the aflatoxins. In this report, we explore the capacity of β-D-glucan (Glu) to reduce the DNA damage induced by AFB1 in mouse hepatocytes.

[Management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients].

Diabetes is a global health problem and Mexico rank sixth in prevalence of this entity. In our country, is the leading cause of death and is a major cause of hospital care being responsible for about 1 in 5 discharges. In the hospital setting, it has been observed that hyperglycemia, both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, is associated with an increased risk of complications, disability and death, and that adequate control in the blood glucose level produces a reduction in these complications.

Antigenotoxic effect of Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert essential oil in mouse spermatogonial cells, and determination of its antioxidant capacity in vitro.

Chamomilla recutita (L.) Rauschert (Asteraceae), popularly known as chamomile, is a plant used in traditional medicine for various therapeutic purposes. Chamomile essential oil (CEO) is particularly known to inhibit the genotoxic damage produced by mutagens in mice somatic cells.

Investigation on the protective effect of α-mannan against the DNA damage induced by aflatoxin B₁in mouse hepatocytes.

Aflatoxin B(1) is a contaminant of agricultural and dairy products that can be related to mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. In this report we explore the capacity of alpha-mannan (Man) to reduce the DNA damage induced by AFB(1) in mouse hepatocytes. For this purpose we applied the comet assay to groups of animals which were first administered Man (100, 400 and 700 mg/kg, respectively) and 20 min later 1.