Gut Microbiota-Mediated Inflammation and Gut Permeability in Patients with Obesity and Colorectal Cancer.

Obesity is considered an important factor that increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). So far, the association of gut microbiota with both obesity and cancer has been described independently. Nevertheless, a specific obesity-related microbial profile linked to CRC development has not been identified.

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer Development and Therapy Response.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota can alter CRC susceptibility and progression by modulating mechanisms such as inflammation and DNA damage, and by producing metabolites involved in tumor progression or suppression. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been observed in patients with CRC, with a decrease in commensal bacterial species (butyrate-producing bacteria) and an enrichment of detrimental bacterial populations (pro-inflammatory opportunistic pathogens).

[Adherence and tolerance as key in brake on weight loss in cancer patients with nutritional risk after intervention with a high calorie nutritional and specific hyperproteic supplement].

Background: In patients with nutritional risk, the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recommends nutritional supplements during cancer treatment to prevent weight loss. Objectives: Our goal is to determine the acceptability, compliance and tolerance of a hyperproteic, high-calorie, omega-3 enriched supplement in cancer patients. Methods: Unicentric, prospective observational study in cancer patients with hyperproteic, high-calorie, rich in omega 3 and low volume nutritional supplement.

The impact of body mass index and nuclear β-catenin on survival in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiochemotherapy.

Background And Objective: We examined the prognostic value of obesity and nuclear β-catenin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods: We prospectively recruited a total of 98 eligible patients with locally advanced cancer for preoperative radiochemotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Patients' height and weight were reaorded before radiochemotherapy, and the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear β-catenin was analyzed.

Spanish consensus for the management of sinonasal tumors.

Sinonasal tumors are rare neoplasms with distinctive clinical, aetiological and pathological features. The diagnosis and treatment of these tumours is challenging because of their low incidence, histological diversity and production of non-specific symptoms in the early stages. They have a variable prognosis depending on their histology, origin and staging.

Evaluation of the utilization of external radiotherapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer in Andalusia, Spain.

Background: Around 27,000 new cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed every year in Spain and 5400 die from this disease. Radiotherapy (RT), alone or combined, has proven to be effective as initial treatment in patients with localized disease. Our objective was to evaluate the use of external beam RT (EBRT) in our region, comparing the indication rate and irradiation rate and examining variability in its application among hospitals.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer induces changes in the expression of nuclear β-catenin: prognostic significance.

Background: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the cornerstone of treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Although high local control is achieved, overall rates of distant control remain suboptimal. Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with critical alterations of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway involved in proliferation and survival.

Competing causes of death in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer treated with concomitant boost radiation plus concurrent weekly cisplatin.

Background: This study analyzes the morbidity and the contribution of different causes of death to the outcome of patients with locally advanced head and- neck cancer after weekly cisplatin plus concomitant boost accelerated radiation treated in our center.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four patients with locally advanced head and neck carcinoma were included in this phase II trial consisting of concomitant boost radiation plus concurrent weekly cisplatin. The 43 patients treated in our centered with long-term follow-up were analyzed.

Male breast cancer: immunohistochemical subtypes and clinical outcome characterization.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the molecular subtype profiles of male breast cancer (MBC) and subsequent clinical outcome using a validated 6-marker immunohistochemical panel.

Methods: A total of 43 cases of MBC were examined retrospectively using a semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Ki-67, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2), epidermal growth factor receptor and cytokeratin 5/6. Patients were classified into the following categories: luminal A, luminal B, Her2-positive or basal-like subtypes.

Vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tumor expression in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer after induction chemotherapy for organ preservation.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression seems to be associated with worse overall survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The purposes of this study were to assess the prognostic values of the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in a cohort of patients with operable advanced laryngeal cancer who had been treated with induction chemotherapy.

Methods: VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression in the malignant cells was quantified by an enzyme immunosorbent assay in a retrospective series.

Urates in uric acid renal calculi.

Objectives: To investigate the presence of calcium urate, sodium, potassium and calcium in 'pure' uric acid calculi.

Methods: Ten spontaneously passed uric acid urinary calculi have been examined by stereoscopic microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray analysis.

Results: The analysis of selected uric acid calculi revealed the presence of a near-pure calcium urate in two cases and of calcium enriched urate zones in all of the samples.

A phase II study of concomitant boost radiation plus concurrent weekly cisplatin for locally advanced unresectable head and neck carcinomas.

Background And Purpose: This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of weekly cisplatin along with concomitant boost accelerated radiation regimen in patients with locally advanced unresectable head and neck carcinoma.

Material And Methods: A total of 94 patients (median age, 58 years) with UICC stage III (n = 19) and IV (n = 75) cancer of the oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx and oral cavity were included. Patients received radiotherapy with a concomitant boost scheme (1.