Ethereal Extract of Pepper: Preventing Atherosclerosis and Left Ventricle Remodeling in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice.

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In this study we compared the effects of oral treatment with red pepper ethereal extracts or simvastatin on dyslipidemia, left ventricle remodeling, and atherosclerotic lesions of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout mice (LDLr) fed a hyperlipidic diet. Forty 3-month-old male mice were distributed into four groups: control (C; animals fed a standard diet), HL (ani-mals fed a hyperlipidic diet), and HL+P or HL+S (animals fed a hyperlipidic diet plus red pepper ethereal extracts or simvastatin, respectively).

Physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and acceptability of strawberry-enriched ketchup sauces.

The addition of strawberry pulp to ketchup sauces may be an alternative to attend the consumers' demand for innovative products with functional appeal. Sauces were made using different tomato/strawberry pulp ratios (100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; 0:100) and characterized for the physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and consumers' acceptance. The strawberry-enriched ketchup sauces presented higher phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and increased fluidity, and lower browning index, hue angle, chroma, pH, and Bostwick consistency.

Grape juice attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy in dyslipidemic mice.

Objective: We evaluated the effects of grape juice (Vitis labrusca L.) on dyslipidemia, resistance to insulin, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in mice homozygous for the absence of the LDL receptor gene (LDLr -/-) under a hyperlipidemic diet.

Methodology: We divided 30 male mice (3 months old) into three groups (n = 10); the HL group was fed a high-fat diet, the HLU group received a high-fat diet and 2 g/kg/day of grape juice, and the HLS group was fed a high-fat diet and simvastatin (20 mg/kg/day).

Tempol improves lipid profile and prevents left ventricular hypertrophy in LDL receptor gene knockout (LDLr-/-) mice on a high-fat diet.

Introduction And Objective: Dyslipidemia is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, and hence with high morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the effects of the nitroxide 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (Tempol) on lipid profile and cardiac morphology in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene knockout (LDLr-/-) mice.

Methods: Male LDLr-/- mice (three months old, approximately 22 g weight) were divided into the following groups: controls, including (1) standard chow (SC, n=8) and (2) high-fat diet (HFD, n=8); and treatment, including (3) standard chow + Tempol (SC+T, n=8) (30 mg/kg administered by gavage, once daily) and (4) high-fat diet + Tempol (HFD+T, n=8) (30 mg/kg).

Raman spectral characteristics of neck and head of femur in low-density lipoprotein receptor gene knockout mice submitted to treadmill aerobic training.

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with deterioration of bone tissue. Trough Raman spectroscopy, the present study aimed to assess the molecular changes in terms of mineral and organic bone-tissue remodeling in low-density lipoprotein receptor gene knockout mice (LDLr-/-) submitted to treadmill aerobic training. In order to evaluate alterations in trabecular bone and cartilage surface, neck and head femoral were assessed into four groups: (CON, n=7), the 1) animals did not perform any physical activity and had hypercholesterolemia (CON, n=7); The trained groups where animals underwent a protocols of low, moderate and high training for 8weeks and 4 times per week on a treadmill with progressive intensities: running speed (8-13m/min) and time of exercise (20-60min).

Metabolic and structural bone disturbances induced by hyperlipidic diet in mice treated with simvastatin.

Simvastatin can modulate lipid and bone metabolism. However, information related to the interaction between diet and simvastatin on bone structure and biomechanics is scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of simvastatin on femoral biomechanics and cortical/trabecular bone structure in wild-type mice nourished with a hyperlipidic diet.

Effect of hyperlipidemia on femoral biomechanics and morphology in low-density lipoprotein receptor gene knockout mice.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperlipidemia on the biomechanical and morphological properties of the femur of low-density lipoprotein receptor gene knockout mice (LDLr-/-) mice. Ten wild-type mice (C57BL6) and 10 LDLr-/- mice generated on a C57BL6 background were used. Male 3-month-old animals were divided into four groups (n = 5): group W (wild type) and group L (LDLr-/-) receiving low-fat commercial ration, and group WH (wild type) and group LH (LDLr-/-) receiving a high-fat diet.

Typing Candida albicans oral isolates from healthy brazilian schoolchildren using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis reveals two highly polymorphic taxa.

The genetic diversity of C. albicans oral isolates from 75 healthy schoolchildren from eight schools located in different geographic areas of Piracicaba city, São Paulo state, Brazil, was established using isoenzymes marker (Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis - MLEE) and cluster analysis. Patterns of monoclonal and polyclonal oral colonization by C.

Factors and mechanisms involved in left ventricular hypertrophy and the anti-hypertrophic role of nitric oxide.

The left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) occurs in response to the hemodynamic overload in some physiological and pathological conditions. However, it has not been completely elucidated whether the primary stimulation for the hypertrophy is the mechanical stretching of the heart, neurohumoral factors, or even the interaction of both. These factors are translated inside the cell as biochemical alterations that lead to the activation of second (cytosolic) and third (nuclear) messengers that will act in the cell nucleus, regulating transcription, and will finally determine the genic expression that induces LVH.