The Management and Prevention of Delirium in Elderly Patients Hospitalised in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review.

Background: Delirium or an acute confusional state (ACS) is characterised as being a frequent and complex hospital complication in older adult patients, which can affect their level of independence and increase patient morbidity and mortality. Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) frequently develop ICU delirium, leading to longer hospital and ICU stays, increased mortality and long-term impairment.

Objectives: This review aims to assess existing evidence of interventions that can be considered effective for the management and prevention of delirium in ICUs, reducing short-term morbidity and mortality, ICU and hospital admission times and the occurrence of other long-term complications.

Approximation to the economic cost of healthcare for hypertensive patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Introduction: Many researchers have focused their studies on hypertension due to its over-representation among COVID-19 patients. Both retrospective and observational studies conducted close to the Wuhan area have reported that hypertension is the most common comorbidity observed in patients affected by COVID-19.

Objective: Our objective is that patients with arterial hypertension have a worse prognosis in terms of evolution leading to higher costs.

Development and validation of an educational software based in artificial neural networks for training in radiology (JORCAD) through an interactive learning activity.

The use of Computer Aided Detection (CAD) software has been previously documented as a valuable tool to improve specialist training in Radiology. This research assesses the utility of an educational software tool aimed to train residents in Radiology and other related medical specialties and students from Medicine degree. This in-house developed software, called JORCAD, integrates a CAD system based in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with annotated cases from radiological image databases.

Profile and characteristics of the adequacy of blood transfusions in Trauma Intensive Care. A cross sectional multicenter study.

Introduction: Major trauma is one of the major health care problems facing modern society, trauma systems require careful planning to achieve an ideal level of coverage for the population. The Patient Blood Management Program is an integrated and global strategy to provide patient care that aims to assess and address, when possible, the etiology of blood abnormalities rather than transfuse without treating the underlying cause. We aimed to describe the factors that are associated with the clinical decision to transfuse polytraumatized patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Clinical and Sociodemographic Profile of Psychomotor Agitation in Mental Health Hospitalisation: A Multicentre Study.

Psychomotor agitation is characterised by an increase in psychomotor activity, restlessness and irritability. People with psychomotor agitation respond by over-reacting to both intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli, experiencing stress and/or altered cognition. The objective of this study is to assess the clinical and sociodemographic profile of psychomotor agitation in patients with severe mental disorders.

Adverse Effects in Patients with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Hospitalized at the University Clinical Hospital.

(1) Background: Providing the patient with the health care they need in a personalized and appropriate manner and without adverse effects (AEs) is a part of quality of care and patient safety. The aim of this applied research project was the assessment of AEs as a clinical risk in patients with high social vulnerability such as persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PwIDD). (2) Methods: A retrospective epidemiological cohort study was performed on exposed and unexposed groups (the control group) in order to estimate the incidence of AEs in PwIDDs and assess their importance for this category of patients.

New Prognostic Factors in Operated Extracapsular Hip Fractures: Infection and GammaTScore.

There is no universal postoperative classification of extracapsular hip fractures (ECFs). We wondered if infection (according to infection after fracture fixation criteria (IAFF)), immediate partial weight bearing (PWB) and/or the new GammaTScore tool could predict early cut-out. We also examined the correlation between GammaTScore and time to consolidation and studied long-term survival.

A Cohort Study in Intensive Care Units: Health Decisions Related to Blood Transfusion during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Critically ill polytrauma patients with hemorrhage require a rapid assessment to initiate hemostatic resuscitation in the shortest possible time with the activation of a massive transfusion or a critical hemorrhage management protocol. The hospital reality experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic in all countries was critical, as it was in Spain; according to the data published daily by the Ministry of Health on its website, during the period of this study, the occupancy rate of intensive care units (ICUs) by patients diagnosed with the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) rose to 23.09% in Spain, even reaching 45.

Clinical and Epidemiological Approach to Delirium in an Acute Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study.

During hospital admissions, the union of various factors, those related to acute pathology, dependency conditions, cognitive impairment, change of habitual environment, and others, can cause delirium. Acute delirium in the elderly (ADE) occurs in around a third of patients over 70 years of age. The syndrome generates serious complications that increase hospital morbidity and mortality and a high cost for the health administration.

Therapeutic and Preventive Efficacy of an Intervention on Workers in a Back School.

Back pain and its ailments are the main cause of absenteeism and sick leave. Furthermore, the cause of pain and disability in a large number of workers is unknown, and treatments are not effective in controlling it. For this reason, the Back Schools (BSs) provide theoretical and practical training to workers so that they can acquire knowledge and skills that will allow them to adequately manage their back problems, enabling them to recover their autonomy and prevent relapses.

Long-term outcomes of distal locking in extracapsular fractures treated with trochanteric Gamma3 nails.

Background: Few publications have assessed long-term results of distal locking of short endomedullary nails for extracapsular hip fracture. Virtually all of them focus on immediate differences. Criteria for the use of static or dynamic locking are unclear in most nailing systems, and use is advised in unstable fracture patterns or with risk of bell-clapper effect, but often influenced by the "orthopaedic school".

Investigating a potential biological treatment to prevent pathological fractures caused by unicameral bone cysts in children under 8 years.

Introduction: There is no consensus on when and how to treat unicameral bone cysts (UBCs), partly because of a lack of knowledge of the aetiology.

Purpose: To review the different treatment techniques for UBCs and to describe our results with a single injection of autogenous bone marrow (BM) mixed with demineralised bone matrix (DBM) in very young children.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed five patients under the age of 8 years with UBCs treated by percutaneous aspiration and a single injection of BM associated with DBM.

Ewing sarcoma of the first metacarpal with a 9-year follow-up: case report.

Ewing sarcoma is a primary bone tumor that rarely occurs in the hand. We present a case involving the thumb metacarpal with long-term follow-up. Carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal arthrodeses with autograft are relatively simple procedures that stabilized the thumb and preserved satisfactory function.