E157Q integrase strand-transfer inhibitor substitution in patients with acute/recent HIV infection.

Objectives: Integrase strand-transfer inhibitor (InSTI)-based regimens are the preferred combinations for naïve HIV-infected individuals. Polymorphic substitutions that reduce InSTIs activity have been described, with E157Q being one of the most frequently found. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of E157Q substitution in newly diagnosed acute/recent HIV cases and the presence of transmission clusters.

Modulation of faecal metagenome in Crohn's disease: Role of microRNAs as biomarkers.

Background: The gut microbiota plays a key role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and the development and activation of the host immune system. It has been shown that commensal bacterial species can regulate the expression of host genes. 16S rRNA gene sequencing has shown that the microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is abnormal and characterized by reduced diversity.

A safe an easy method for building consensus HIV sequences from 454 massively parallel sequencing data.

Objective: To show how to generate a consensus sequence from the information of massive parallel sequences data obtained from routine HIV anti-retroviral resistance studies, and that may be suitable for molecular epidemiology studies.

Material And Methods: Paired Sanger (Trugene-Siemens) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) (454 GSJunior-Roche) HIV RT and protease sequences from 62 patients were studied. NGS consensus sequences were generated using Mesquite, using 10%, 15%, and 20% thresholds.