Evolution of erectile dysfunction in individuals infected with human T-lymphotropic virus 1: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Virtually all patients with human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) have some degree of erectile dysfunction (ED), but ED is also found in a large percentage of HTLV-1 carriers.

Aim: To evaluate the evolution of ED in individuals infected with HTLV-1 who were followed for up to 15 years.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included men infected with HTLV-1 who had ED, were aged 18 to 70 years, and were followed from January 2004 to December 2019.

Radiographic aspects in individuals infected by human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) with joint pain.

Background: Joint pain in the absence or with little synovitis is observed in a large percentage of HTLV-1 infected subjects. As the virus infect CD4 + and CD8 + positive, macrophages and B cells an exaggerated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is detected in these patients. However, the possible association of HTLV-1 infection with autoimmune diseases has not been documented definitively and the clinical characteristics of HTLV-1 associated arthropathy has not been defined.

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Objective: In the diagnosis of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM), while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential to exclude other diseases, its power is limited regarding HAM diagnosis, as only 30% of affected patients present with spinal cord atrophy. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may enable the detection of damage in the white matter microstructure. Here, we quantitatively assess spinal cord damage using DTI and evaluate conventional MRI parameters of the spinal cord in HTLV-1-infected individuals.

Bladder dysfunction in human T cell lymphotropic virus infection: A prospective cohort study.

Background: While bladder dysfunction is observed in the majority of patients with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM), it is also observed in patients who do not fulfill all diagnostic criteria for HAM. These patients are classified as having possible or probable HAM/TSP. However, it remains unclear whether the severity and progression of bladder dysfunction occurs similarly between these two groups.

Neurologic, clinical, and immunologic features in a cohort of HTLV-1 carriers with high proviral loads.

A high proviral load (PVL) is recognized as a risk factor for human T cell leukemia virus-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), but there is a lack of prospective studies evaluating whether or not HTLV-1 carriers with high PVL are at risk of developing HAM/TSP or other HTLV-1-related diseases. Here, we compare the incidence of clinical manifestations and the cytokine levels in 30 HTLV-1 carriers with high (> 50,000 copies/10 PBMC) and an equal number of subjects with low proviral load. Participants were followed for 3 to 16 years (median of 11 years).

Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV-1.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with neurological damage due to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection, but hormonal and psychogenic factors also cause ED.

Aim: To evaluate the association of psychogenic and hormonal factors with ED in men infected with HTLV-1.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we compared total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurologic manifestations in HTLV-1-infected men with or without ED.

The relationship between atopy and neurological manifestations in HTLV-1 infection.

Introduction: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)induces exaggerated Th1 responses, whereas atopy is associated with exacerbated Th2 responses.

Methods: Here, a cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of atopy in HTLV-1 carriers and HAM/TSP patients. It also compared the spontaneous cytokine production in HTLV-1-infected individuals.

Onabotulinumtoxin type A improves lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in patients with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 associated overactive bladder.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of the onabotulinum toxin type A in the treatment of HTLV-1 associated overactive bladder and its impact on quality of life (QoL).

Methods: Case series with 10 patients with overactive bladder refractory to conservative treatment with anticholinergic or physical therapy. They received 200Ui of onabotulinumtoxin type A intravesically and were evaluated by overactive bladder symptoms score (OABSS) and King's Health Questionnaire.

Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men With HTLV-1.

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) occurs in more than 50% of patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. In the general population, atherosclerosis is the main risk factor related to ED.

Aim: To compare the contribution of neurologic disorders from HTLV-1 with that of atherosclerosis as risk factors for ED in men with HTLV-1.

Psychiatric Disorders in HTLV-1-Infected Individuals with Bladder Symptoms.

Background: Previous studies have reported high rates of depression and anxiety in HTLV-1 infected individuals with the neurological disease and in the asymptomatic phase. No study has investigated the rates in individuals that already show bladder symptoms without severe neurological changes; that is, during the oligosymptomatic phase. The present study investigated patients in this intermediate form on the spectrum of the infection.

The use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of HTLV-1-associated overactive bladder refractory to conventional therapy.

Urinary symptoms occur in 19% of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected patients who do not fulfill criteria for HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and in almost 100% of HAM/TSP patients. Few studies have evaluated therapies for overactive bladder (OAB) caused by HTLV-1 infection. This case report describes the effect of onabotulinum toxin A on the urinary manifestations of three patients with HAM/TSP and OAB symptoms.

Single scrotal incision orchiopexy - a systematic review.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review on single scrotal incision orchiopexy.

Materials And Methods: A search was performed using Pubmed, through which 16 articles were selected out of a total of 133. The following conditions were considered exclusion criteria: other surgical methods such as an inguinal procedure or a laparoscopic approach, retractile testes, or patients with previous testicular or inguinal surgery.