Adverse Effects in Patients with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Hospitalized at the University Clinical Hospital.

(1) Background: Providing the patient with the health care they need in a personalized and appropriate manner and without adverse effects (AEs) is a part of quality of care and patient safety. The aim of this applied research project was the assessment of AEs as a clinical risk in patients with high social vulnerability such as persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PwIDD). (2) Methods: A retrospective epidemiological cohort study was performed on exposed and unexposed groups (the control group) in order to estimate the incidence of AEs in PwIDDs and assess their importance for this category of patients.

New Prognostic Factors in Operated Extracapsular Hip Fractures: Infection and GammaTScore.

There is no universal postoperative classification of extracapsular hip fractures (ECFs). We wondered if infection (according to infection after fracture fixation criteria (IAFF)), immediate partial weight bearing (PWB) and/or the new GammaTScore tool could predict early cut-out. We also examined the correlation between GammaTScore and time to consolidation and studied long-term survival.

Therapeutic and Preventive Efficacy of an Intervention on Workers in a Back School.

Back pain and its ailments are the main cause of absenteeism and sick leave. Furthermore, the cause of pain and disability in a large number of workers is unknown, and treatments are not effective in controlling it. For this reason, the Back Schools (BSs) provide theoretical and practical training to workers so that they can acquire knowledge and skills that will allow them to adequately manage their back problems, enabling them to recover their autonomy and prevent relapses.

Incidence of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) in Castilla y Leon (Spain).

Introduction: Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is considered a Public Health problem that is defined as a group of symptoms that appear in the newborn due to withdrawal from intrauterine drug exposure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of NAS in Castilla y León from 2000 to 2019.

Methodology: Data of NAS cases in Castilla y León from 2000 to 2019 were obtained.

Long-term outcomes of distal locking in extracapsular fractures treated with trochanteric Gamma3 nails.

Background: Few publications have assessed long-term results of distal locking of short endomedullary nails for extracapsular hip fracture. Virtually all of them focus on immediate differences. Criteria for the use of static or dynamic locking are unclear in most nailing systems, and use is advised in unstable fracture patterns or with risk of bell-clapper effect, but often influenced by the "orthopaedic school".

Nursing Students' Perceptions on Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention Teaching and Learning Experience: Development and Validation of a Scale in Four European Countries.

Healthcare-associated infections are one of the major concerns worldwide. This study presents the development and the validation process of the InovSafeCare scale and aimed at identifying and measuring the ecosystem variables related to healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) prevention and control practices in European nurse students. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to (1) elaborate an item pool related to the educational environment, the healthcare setting environment, and the attitudes, beliefs, and performance of the nursing students regarding HCAI prevention and control and (2) analyze psychometric properties of the scale using factor analysis.

Rituximab treatment for IgA vasculitis: A systematic review.

Background: Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is a systemic small vessel vasculitis for which treatment of severe cases is usually based on glucocorticoids and other conventional immunosuppressive drugs. The role of rituximab for resistant or refractory cases has been explored in isolated case reports and small series.

Aims: To perform a literature review of all pediatric and adult patients with IgAV treated with rituximab (RTX) and to assess disease characteristics, RTX efficacy and safety.

Association between genetic variants in CYP2E1 and CTRC genes and susceptibility to alcoholic pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of alcoholic pancreatitis (AP), with previous studies suggesting that genetics variants in certain genes, such asCYP2E1 and CTRC, partially explain individual susceptibility to this disease. Therefore, the aim of this work was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies that analyzed how polymorphisms within CYP2E1 and CTRC genes influence the risk of AP.

Material And Methods: We performed a systematic review of studies that analyzed the genotype distribution of CYP2E1 and CTRC allelic variants among patients with AP and a group of controls.

Adherence to treatment and related factors among patients with chronic conditions in primary care: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Adherence to treatment, a public health issue, is of particular importance in chronic disease therapies. Primary care practices offer ideal venues for the effective care and management of these conditions. The aim of this study is to assess adherence to treatment and related-factors among patients with chronic conditions in primary care settings.

Do health and social support and personal autonomy have an influence on the health-related quality of life of individuals with intellectual disability?

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relation between perceived social support and personal autonomy of individuals with intellectual disabilities and Health-Related Quality of Life.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with a multicentre sample was carried out including 162 institutionalized individuals with intellectual disability. The measurement tool was a structured questionnaire with sociodemographic variables, and three scales: Functional Independence Measure(FIM) scale, Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire, and SF-36 Health Survey, which were completed during an individual/family interview.

Medication adherence and barriers among low-income, uninsured patients with multiple chronic conditions.

Background: Poor adherence to long-term therapies is a public health concern that affects all populations. Little is known about the context of adherence in chronic diseases for the uninsured population in the United States.

Objective: To evaluate medication adherence and barriers among low-income, uninsured adults recently initiating new therapy for a chronic disease.

Association between allelic variants of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene and autoimmune diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The human glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) is considered to play a role in the differences and sensitivities of the glucocorticoid response in individuals with autoimmune diseases. The objective of this study was to examine by means of a systematic review previous findings regarding allelic variants of NR3C1 in relation to the risk of developing systemic autoimmune diseases.

Methods: Studies that analysed the genotype distribution of NR3C1 allelic variants among patients with systemic autoimmune diseases were retrieved.

A Predictive Model for the Diagnosis of Allergic Drug Reactions According to the Medical History.

Background: Quantification of the risk of an allergic drug reaction through the medical history is essential in clinical decision making. However, in normal clinical practice, this evaluation is generally entirely subjective.

Objective: The objective of this study was to construct a mathematical model to predict the risk of allergic drug reactions using the data collected in the medical history.

Urinary tract infections in women with stress urinary incontinence treated with transobturator suburethral tape and benefit gained from the sublingual polibacterial vaccine.

Introduction And Objectives: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs) are highly prevalent diseases. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between RUTIs and surgical correction of SUI with transobturator suburethral tape (TOT) and to describe the benefit gained from a sublingual polibacterial preparation on RUTIs developed after TOT.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 420 women who underwent TOT surgery due to SUI between April 2003 and October 2011.

PDE-5 inhibitors in monotherapy versus combination therapy in a sample of 1200 patients with erectile dysfunction.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness in the treatment of erectile dysfunction when using PDE-5 inhibitors (PDE5i), alprostadil (PG-E1) and testosterone (TES) in monotherapy or combination therapy.

Material And Methods: Observational multicentre retrospective study of men diagnosed and treated for ED between January 2008 and January 2014. Age, social and employment situation, pathological medical history, risk factors, usual treatments, IIEF-5 at the first consultation and at first and each 6 months follow-ups, physical examination, calculated total and free testosterone and received treatment were analysed.

Patient-centered Outcomes of Root Canal Treatment: A Cohort Follow-up Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pulpal pathology in terms of oral health-related quality of life and to evaluate root canal treatment in terms of pain during and at 7 days after treatment.

Methods: A consecutive sample of 250 adult patients requiring root canal treatment for a permanent tooth (incisors, canines, premolars, and molars) participated in this 1 week-follow-up study. The baseline impact regarding oral pain and well-being was recorded.

Association between Occupational Exposure to Wood Dust and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To perform a systematic review to analyze the association between occupational exposure to wood dust and cancer.

Methods: A systematic literature search of entries made in the MEDLINE-PubMed database between 1957 and 2013 was conducted to identify studies that had assessed the relationship between occupational exposure to wood dust and different types of cancer. A meta-analysis of selected case-control and cohort studies was subsequently performed.

Comparison of sublingual therapeutic vaccine with antibiotics for the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections.

Objective: To compare the clinical impact of a prophylactic treatment with sublingual immunostimulation in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) with the use of antibiotics.

Material And Methods: Retrospective cohort study evaluating the medical records of 669 women with rUTIs; 339 had a 6-month prophylaxis with antibiotics and 360 a 3-month prophylaxis with a sublingual bacterial preparation (MV 140-Uromune®). The time frame after the prophylaxis-period until the appearance of a new infection (assessed by uroculture) was scored and followed during 1 year.

B-learning training in the certification of causes of death.

Introduction: An adequate certification of causes of death is essential for Public Health. The objective of this work is to improve the professional competence of medicine students and family doctors with regard to the certification of causes of death according to the international regulations of the WHO.

Methods: Intervention-formation, before and after design, addressed to students of Medicine in their last year (6th year), and Family Doctors and Interns.

[Prospective follow-up of results of tuberculosis treatment].

Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze tuberculosis treatment outcomes in a health area of the National Health System. Material and Methods.

[Genetic polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a case-control study].

Background And Objective: The smoke fume, principal factor in the development of lung cancer, causes the expression of certain cytokines, including interleukin 4, 6, 8 and 10, which may act by inhibiting apoptosis and interfere cellular repair mechanisms and angiogenesis. To determine the possible relationship between gene polymorphisms of these cytokines and lung cancer.

Patients And Method: To achieve this objective we designed a case-control study, which included 400 patients who had come to the consultation for rapid diagnosis of lung cancer at the Pneumology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, and whose main criterion exclusion was the lack of active contact with smoke fume.

Results of the surgical correction of urinary stress incontinence according to the type of transobturator tape utilized.

Objectives: To analyze the short and long term results of tapes of different materials used to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI). A secondary objective was to evaluate the ability to adjust the tape after implantation.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective chart review of 355 patients with SUI operated between March 2003 and October 2011.

[M129V PRNP gene polymorphism in Castilla y León shows a similar distribution to other Spanish regions and other European countries].

Background And Objective: It has been reported that the polymorphism M129V in the PRNP gene modifies the phenotype in all the subtypes of prion diseases in humans. All cases diagnosed to date as suffering the human variant of mad cow disease (vCJD) carry the allele 129M. In the last five years five cases of vCJD have been reported in Spain, three of them in Castilla y León (in western Spain).

[Health-related quality of life among people with intellectual disabilities in Spain].

Objective: To measure health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) among people with intellectual disabilities in the province of Salamanca, Spain.

Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional descriptive study. The SF-36 Health Survey, adapted and validated for the Spanish population, was selected and administered to 265 people with intellectual disabilities in the province of Salamanca, Spain.