Role of Preoperative Inflammatory Blood Cell Indexes as a Postoperative Risk Predictor Among Patients Undergoing On-Pump Cardiac Surgery.

Introduction: Estimating patient risk before heart surgery (HS) is crucial. Perioperative inflammation is associated with several complications and mortality. This study investigated blood cell count inflammatory indices (BCCII) to predict risks, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derivate NLR (DNLR), neutrophil-to-platelet-lymphocyte ratio (NLPR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII), Systemic Inflammatory Reaction Index (SIRI), and Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI).

Hematological ratios in coronavirus disease 2019 patients with and without invasive mechanical ventilation.

Patients with the most severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often require invasive ventilation. Determining the best moment to intubate a COVID-19 patient is complex decision and can result in important consequences for the patient. Therefore, markers that could aid in clinical decision-making such as hematological indices are highly useful.

Insulin Resistance and Its Association With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV.

Background: Despite the gain in life expectancy that people living with HIV (PLHIV) have had in the past few years, the disease is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of noninfectious chronic diseases. PLHIV have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis, fracture, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance than the general population. It is unknown if insulin resistance is associated with osteoporosis and fractures in PLHIV.

Diagnostic characteristics of immature platelet fraction for the assessment of immune thrombocytopenia.

The diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) remains an exclusion, as a specific biomarker is missing. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic characteristics, establish a cut-off point for reticulated platelets, and compare it with the clinical exclusion diagnosis used in the assessment of ITP. Forty-one patients with ITP and 187 healthy individuals were enrolled in Santa Maria, Brazil.

The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC), incident diabetes and low-grade inflammation.

Aims: The FINDRISC was created to predict the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since T2DM associates with inflammation we evaluated if the FINDRISC could predict either current or incident T2DM, and elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

Methods: 41,880 people (age 41.

Accidental ingestion of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide: N-acetylcysteine treatment and toxicological analysis.

Introduction: Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) is a highly toxic product which promotes tissue damage by uncontrolled free radical production.

Case Report: A man accidentally ingested 110 ml of MEKP (37%) at his workplace after mistaking it with a bottle of water. A loading dose of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and subsequent maintenance doses were applied at the hospital for three consecutive days.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Modifies Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in Cigarette Smokers.

Background: Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a marker of oxidative stress, associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. The impact of smoking on oxidative stress may be aggravated in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to ascertain the association of smoking on GGT levels in the presence or absence of NAFLD.

Sarcopenia and Its Association with Vertebral Fractures in People Living with HIV.

The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the post ART era. Sarcopenia is prevalent in the elderly and is associated with many chronic diseases. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia in PLHIV and its association with bone mineral density and fracture.

Translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and reliability assessment.

Introduction: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a tool that was initially developed to predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. This tool is simple, quick to apply, non-invasive, and low-cost. The aims of this study were to perform a translation and cultural adaptation of the original version of FINDRISC into Brazilian Portuguese and to assess test-retest reliability.

Association between Urinary Levels of Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Glomerular and Tubular Damage Indicators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: This study investigated the association between urinary levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Urinary concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, ACR, and NGAL were measured in 121 patients with T2D.

Results: Urinary IL-6 and TNF-α increased 45.

Low frataxin mRNA expression is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The mitochondrial protein frataxin is involved in iron metabolism, as well as regulation of oxidative stress. To elucidate the association of frataxin with the pathophysiology of diabetes, we evaluated the mRNA levels of frataxin in leukocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In addition, we investigated the relation between frataxin mRNA levels, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress biomarkers.

Phytochemical analysis and effect of the essential oil of Psidium L. species on the initial development and mitotic activity of plants.

The use of allelopathic compounds is an alternative for weeds control, since they present low toxicity when compared with the synthetic herbicides, that may cause several damages, as the contamination of the environment. Our objective was to determine the chemical composition and allelopathic properties of the essential oils of Psidium cattleianum, P. myrtoides, P.

High Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Tubular Damage and Kidney Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Uric acid presents different roles in an organism. High serum uric acid concentrations may induce inflammatory pathways and promote kidney damage through different mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigated the association among high serum uric acid concentrations, renal tubular damage, and renal inflammation assessed via estimation of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and inflammatory cytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Impaired chair-to-bed transfer ability leads to longer hospital stays among elderly patients.

Background: The study objectives were to identify the main predictive factors for long hospital stays and to propose new and improved methods of risk assessment.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the clinics and surgical wards of a tertiary hospital and involved 523 elderly patients over 60 years of age. Demographic, clinical, functional, and cognitive characteristics assessed between 48 and 72 h after admission were analyzed to investigate correlations with lengths of stay greater than 10 days.

High serum uric acid is associated with oxidation of nucleosides in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Uric acid presents different roles in an organism, since it can act as an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant molecule. High serum uric acid levels may cause damage to several structures, including nucleic acids and its components. Therefore, in this study the association between increased serum uric acid concentrations and oxidation of nucleosides was investigated by assessment of urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in healthy individuals.

Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 in renal disease.

Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a type l transmembrane glycoprotein, is recognized as a potential biomarker for detection of tubular injury in the main renal diseases. Urinary KIM-1 increases rapidly upon the tubular injury, and its levels are associated with the degree of tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation in the injured kidney. Currently, the investigation of kidney diseases is usually performed through the assessment of serum creatinine and urinary albumin.