Repeated Administration of the Cannabinoid WIN Alters the Isoflurane-Sparing Effect of Morphine and Dexmedetomidine.

Unlabelled: The impacts of morphine and dexmedetomidine on the MAC of isoflurane were studied in rats constantly medicated with the cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2.

Methods: Prior to the administration of morphine, the MAC was measured in both untreated rats (MAC ) and those treated with a cannabinoid (MAC ). The effects of morphine (MAC ) and dexmedetomidine (MAC ) on untreated rats and rats treated for 21 days with the cannabinoids (MAC ) and (MAC ) were also studied.

Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in Rats Chronically Treated with the Synthetic Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2.

Unlabelled: The minimum alveolar concentration MAC of isoflurane was measured in rats chronically treated with WIN 55,212-2.

Methods: The MAC of isoflurane was determined in 24 male rats from expiratory samples at time of tail clamping under the following conditions: without treatment MAC(), in rats treated for 21 days with WIN 55,212-2 MAC(), and in rats 8 days after stopping treatment with WIN 55,212-2 (MAC).

Results: The MAC() was 1.

Cannabinoids CB2 Receptors, One New Promising Drug Target for Chronic and Degenerative Pain Conditions in Equine Veterinary Patients.

Osteoarticular equine disease is a common cause of malady; in general, its therapy is supported on steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. Nevertheless, many side effects may develop when these drugs are administered. Nowadays, the use of new alternatives for this pathology attention is demanded; in that sense, cannabinoid CB2 agonists may represent a novel alternative.

Effect of Acetaminophen Alone and in Combination with Morphine and Tramadol on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in Rats.

Background: It has been observed that acetaminophen potentiates the analgesic effect of morphine and tramadol in postoperative pain management. Its capacity as an analgesic drug or in combinations thereof to reduce the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalational anesthetics represents an objective measure of this effect during general anesthesia. In this study, the effect of acetaminophen with and without morphine or tramadol was evaluated on the isoflurane MAC.

Lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination reduce isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in dogs.

The effects of intravenous (i.v.) lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination delivered as a bolus followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACISO) in dogs were evaluated.