KATP channel mutation disrupts hippocampal network activity and nocturnal gamma shifts.

ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels couple cell metabolism to cellular electrical activity. Humans affected by severe activating mutations in KATP channels suffer from developmental delay, epilepsy and neonatal diabetes (DEND syndrome). While the aetiology of diabetes in DEND syndrome is well understood, the pathophysiology of the neurological symptoms remains unclear.

ERCP in patients over 90 years old: Safety and efficacy comparison with a younger cohort.

As life expectancy increases worldwide, so does the prevalence of biliary tract and pancreatic disorders, resulting in rising demand for invasive procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the elderly. Few studies have assessed the safety of ERCP in patients 90 years and older, particularly among the Hispanic population. The primary aim of this study was to determine the technical success and adverse events (AEs) associated with ERCP in patients 90 years of age or older in comparison to a younger cohort of patients.

Effect of cryotherapy duration on experimentally induced connective tissue inflammation .

Objectives: This study tested the hypothesis that cryotherapy duration influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: Six Wistar rats () were used. Five sites were selected per animal and divided into 5 groups: a negative control group (NC), 2 positive control groups (PC1 and PC2), and 2 experimental groups (E1 and E2).

Activation of Intra-nodose Ganglion P2X7 Receptors Elicit Increases in Neuronal Activity.

Vagus nerve innervates several organs including the heart, stomach, and pancreas among others. Somas of sensory neurons that project through the vagal nerve are located in the nodose ganglion. The presence of purinergic receptors has been reported in neurons and satellite glial cells in several sensory ganglia.

Cerebellar Contributions to the Basal Ganglia Influence Motor Coordination, Reward Processing, and Movement Vigor.

Both the cerebellum and the basal ganglia are known for their roles in motor control and motivated behavior. These two systems have been classically considered as independent structures that coordinate their contributions to behavior via separate cortico-thalamic loops. However, recent evidence demonstrates the presence of a rich set of direct connections between these two regions.

Prevalence of pulp canal obliteration and periapical pathology in human anterior teeth: A three-dimensional analysis based on CBCT scans.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulp canal obliteration (PCO) and its association with periapical pathology (Hypodense areas) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of anterior teeth. A total of 2161 CBCT scans from patients 18 years or older taken between 2000 and 2020 were selected. Patient-, tooth- and scan-related data were registered.

Design and Initial Characterization of a Small Near-Infrared Fluorescent Calcium Indicator.

Near-infrared (NIR) genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) are becoming powerful tools for neuroscience. Because of their spectral characteristics, the use of NIR GECIs helps to avoid signal loss from the absorption by body pigments, light-scattering, and autofluorescence in mammalian tissues. In addition, NIR GECIs do not suffer from cross-excitation artifacts when used with common fluorescent indicators and optogenetics actuators.

Heterogeneous CaMKII-Dependent Synaptic Compensations in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons From Acute Hippocampal Slices.

Prolonged changes in neural activity trigger homeostatic synaptic plasticity (HSP) allowing neuronal networks to operate within functional ranges. Cell-wide or input-specific adaptations can be induced by pharmacological or genetic manipulations of activity, and by sensory deprivation. Reactive functional changes caused by deafferentation may partially share mechanisms with HSP.

Present status and future directions of intracanal medicaments.

Two fundamental goals of endodontic treatment are to prevent or treat apical periodontitis. From a predictive perspective, several variables can affect the outcome of root canal treatment. Some of these variables depend on intraoperative factors, which include irrigation technique, size of the apical preparation, use of intracanal medicaments or the number of appointments necessary to complete the treatment.

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursors Improve Memory, Synaptic and Pathological Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly population. The disease is characterized by progressive memory loss, cerebral atrophy, extensive neuronal loss, synaptic alterations, brain inflammation, extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, and intracellular accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated tau (p-tau) protein. Many recent clinical trials have failed to show therapeutic benefit, likely because at the time in which patients exhibit clinical symptoms the brain is irreversibly damaged.

Post-stroke epileptogenesis is associated with altered intrinsic properties of hippocampal pyramidal neurons leading to increased theta resonance.

Brain insults like stroke, trauma or infections often lead to blood-brain barrier-dysfunction (BBBd) frequently resulting into epileptogenesis. Affected patients suffer from seizures and cognitive comorbidities that are potentially linked to altered network oscillations. It has been shown that a hippocampal BBBd in rats leads to in vivo seizures and increased power at theta (3-8 Hz), an important type of network oscillations.

Relationship between internal root resorption and dens in dente.

Background: The aim is to report the treatment and follow-up of three lateral incisors with internal root resorption and dens in dente as a possible cause for their development, managed by root canal treatment and apical obturation with MTA or gutta-percha.

Case Description: This case report presents three clinical cases in which dens invaginatus type 2 is shown as a potential cause for the development of internal root resorption. Two cases were filled with a MTA apical plug technique and one with gutta-percha, and all were follow-up through time.

Modulation of Frequency Preference in Heterogeneous Populations of Theta-resonant Neurons.

Neurons from several brain regions resonate in the theta frequency range (4-12 Hz), displaying a higher voltage response to oscillatory currents at a preferred 'resonant' frequency (f). Subthreshold resonance could influence spiking and contribute to the selective entrainment of neurons during the network oscillatory activity that accompanies several cognitive processes. Neurons from different regions display resonance in specific theta subranges, suggesting a functional specialization.

Multi-objective admission planning problem: a two-stage stochastic approach.

Effective admission planning can improve inpatient throughput and waiting times, resulting in better quality of service. The uncertainty in the patient arrival and the availability of resources makes the patient's allocation difficult to manage. Thus, in the admission process hospitals aim to accomplish targets of resource utilization and to lower the cost of service.

[Validation of a scale of health beliefs about type 1 diabetes for the Mexican context: HBM-T1DM].

Objective: To generate a scale to measure health beliefs among Mexican adolescents and young people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) to determine the extent to which they affect adherence to treatment and to be able to develop more effective social marketing campaigns.

Material And Methods: Based on the Health Belief Model (HBM), a scale was generated; three field tests were applied, and it was administered in two regions of Mexico to young people with type 1 diabetes.Tests of reliability, stability, convergence-discrimination and predictive validity were developed.

Autotransplantation of a Premolar with Incipient Root Development, an 18-Year Follow-Up.

In young patients, premature tooth loss in the anterior maxilla after trauma is challenging for the patient and the dental professional, with serious implications from aesthetic and functional points of view, as well as from a craniofacial growth aspect perspective. Premolars autotransplanted into the maxillary anterior region have been shown to be a biological alternative in this situation. This report describes the clinical management of a case of premature loss of a maxillary central incisor after traumatic injury.

Intracanal Cryotherapy Reduces Postoperative Pain in Teeth with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis: A Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial.

Introduction: A prospective, multicentered, randomized clinical trial was designed to assess if controlled irrigation with cold saline could result in less incidence and intensity of postoperative pain in patients presenting with pulp necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 210 patients (presenting with necrotic uniradicular teeth with a diagnosis of symptomatic apical periodontitis and a preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) score higher than 7) were randomly allocated in the control or experimental group after the completion of shaping and cleaning procedures. The experimental group received a final irrigation with 20 mL sterile cold (2.

Biofilms in Endodontics-Current Status and Future Directions.

Microbiota are found in highly organized and complex entities, known as biofilms, the characteristics of which are fundamentally different from microbes in planktonic suspensions. Root canal infections are biofilm mediated. The complexity and variability of the root canal system, together with the multi-species nature of biofilms, make disinfection of this system extremely challenging.

Ensa controls S-phase length by modulating Treslin levels.

The Greatwall/Ensa/PP2A-B55 pathway is essential for controlling mitotic substrate phosphorylation and mitotic entry. Here, we investigate the effect of the knockdown of the Gwl substrate, Ensa, in human cells. Unexpectedly, Ensa knockdown promotes a dramatic extension of S phase associated with a lowered density of replication forks.

Competition between Persistent Na and Muscarine-Sensitive K Currents Shapes Perithreshold Resonance and Spike Tuning in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons.

Neurons from many brain regions display intrinsic subthreshold theta-resonance, responding preferentially to theta-frequency oscillatory stimuli. Resonance may contribute to selective communication among neurons and to orchestrate brain rhythms. CA1 pyramidal neurons receive theta activity, generating place fields.

Preoperative hydration with 0.9% normal saline to prevent acute kidney injury after major elective open abdominal surgery: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is the second leading cause of hospital-acquired AKI. Although many preventive strategies have been tested, none of them has been totally effective.

Objective: We investigated whether preoperative intravenous hydration with 0.