[Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and salivary cotinine concentration in a sample of students from Barcelona, Spain].

Background And Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) by means of the concentration of salivary cotinine in a sample of adolescent students, and its relationship with active and passive tobacco consumption.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 92 secondary education and high school pupils (16-20 years). Salivary samples were collected and salivary cotinine was measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Clinically relevant differences in the model for end-stage liver disease and model for end-stage liver disease-sodium scores determined at three university-based laboratories of the same area.

The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is considered an objective and reliable measure of liver disease severity. However, the use of specific laboratory methodologies may introduce significant and clinically relevant variations into the score. It has been suggested that the incorporation of sodium into MELD (MELD-Na) can provide a more accurate survival prediction than MELD alone.

[Secondhand smoke exposure in Spanish adult non-smokers following the introduction of an anti-smoking law].

Introduction And Objectives: The aim was to investigate the prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure and active smoking in the Spanish population following the introduction of an anti-smoking law.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a telephone survey (in June and July 2006) of a representative sample of the Spanish population aged at least 18 years-old (1221 men and 1301 women). The prevalence of secondhand smoke exposure among non-smokers was determined in terms of the context of exposure (i.

Correlates of exposure to second-hand smoke in an urban Mediterranean population.

Background: To describe the socio-demographic factors associated with exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) in different settings (home, leisure, and workplace).

Methods: We analysed cross-sectional data on self-reported SHS exposure in 1059 non-daily smokers interviewed in the Cornellà Health Interview Survey Follow-up Study in 2002. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence rates and prevalence rate ratios of SHS exposure at home, at the workplace, during leisure time, and in any of these settings.

Social class, education, and smoking cessation: Long-term follow-up of patients treated at a smoking cessation unit.

Our objective was to examine social class and educational differences in long-term smoking cessation success among a cohort of smokers attending a specialized smoking clinic. We studied sustained abstinence after cessation among 1,516 smokers (895 men and 621 women) treated for smoking cessation between 1995 and 2001 at a university teaching hospital in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain. We calculated 1-year and long-term (up to 8-year) abstinence probabilities by means of Kaplan-Meier curves and the hazard ratio of relapse by means of Cox regression, after adjusting for other predictors of relapse.

[Prevalence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in a urban population].

Background And Objective: We decided to assess the overall prevalence of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) both in general and according to the settings of exposure (home, workplace and leisure time).

Subjects And Method: We analyzed cross-sectional data of ETS exposure in 1,059 non-smokers included in the Cornellà Health Interview Survey Follow-up (CHIS-FU) study. We calculated the crude and age-standardized prevalence of ETS exposure in general and in the different settings.