Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Endometrial Cancer: Dual Injection, Dual Tracer-A Multidisciplinary Exhaustive Approach to Nodal Staging.

Introduction: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) has recently been introduced as a standard staging technique in endometrial cancer (EC). There are some issues regarding team experience and para-aortic detection.

Objective: to report the accuracy of SLN detection in EC with a dual tracer (ICG and Tc99) and dual injection site (cervix and fundus) during the learning curve.

[Training program in endourological surgery. Future perspectives.].

Current training in urological endoscopy lacks a specific training program. However, there is a clear need for a specific and uniform program, which will ensure the training, regardless of the unit where it is carried out. So, the goal is to first evaluate the current model and then bring improvements for update.

Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy With Potassium-titanyl-phosphate Laser Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: An Animal Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the feasibility, safety, and short-term results of potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (KTP-LPN) vs conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (C-LPN).

Materials And Methods: Thirty large white female pigs were randomized to KTP-LPN or C-LPN. Laparoscopic radical right nephrectomy was performed, and an artificial renal tumor was placed in the left kidney in 3 locations.

Development and Validation of a Novel Skills Training Model for Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to validate a training model that combines the use of nonbiologic and biologic simulators as well as live porcine animal model in endoscopic retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 urologists took part in this study, and the activity lasted for 2 days. The training model was divided into three modules: Module-I, related to the acquisition of basic theoretical knowledge; Module-II, consisting of an internship with bench models; and Module III, in which animal models were used.

Preliminary Assessment of a New Antireflux Ureteral Stent Design in Swine Model.

Objective: To assess a new antireflux ureteral stent in animal model. The design expects to reduce morbidity associated with JJ ureteral stents.

Materials And Methods: Twelve pigs were used in this study.

Age-related prevalence of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and anticoagulation therapy use in a urolithiasis population and their effect on outcomes: the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Ureteroscopy Global Study.

Purpose: This study examined the prevalence of risk factors for urological stone surgery and their possible influence on outcome and complications following ureteroscopy (URS).

Methods: The Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Ureteroscopy Global Study collected prospective data on consecutive patients with urinary stones treated with URS at centers around the world for 1 year. The prevalence of common comorbidities and anticoagulation therapy and their relationship with complications and age were examined.

[Prostate adenocarcinoma. Predictive clinical model of seminal vesicle involvement].

Objectives: Our aim is to design a predictive model of seminal vesicle involvement. using clinical data.

Methods: We studied 1128 patients with clinically localized adenocarcinoma treated by radical prostatectomy (127 were pT3b).

Perineal radical prostatectomy in the minimally invasive era.

Radical prostatectomy is currently the standard of care for localized prostate cancer. In the last decade, the minimally invasive surgery, especially the robotic surgery has been growing and open techniques are less frequent performed. A non-systematic review of the literature is performed, highlighting the current situation of the perineal radical prostatectomy in the minimally invasive era, its indications, and functional and oncological outcomes.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and chronic kidney disease: results from the CROES PCNL Global Study.

Purpose: We compared the characteristics and outcomes of patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the CROES (Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society) Global Study according to preoperative renal function.

Materials And Methods: Prospective data on consecutive patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a 1-year period were collected from 96 participating centers. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula based on preoperative serum creatinine measurement.

Comparative outcomes of pure squamous cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation in patients treated with radical cystectomy.

Purpose: We compared clinical outcomes, and identified predictors of cancer specific and overall survival after radical cystectomy in patients with urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation and those with pure squamous cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed data on 2,031 patients treated with radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection at a single high volume referral center. Of these patients 78 had squamous cell carcinoma and 67 had squamous differentiation.

The clinical research office of the endourological society percutaneous nephrolithotomy global study: staghorn versus nonstaghorn stones.

Purpose: The study compared characteristics and outcomes in patients with staghorn or nonstaghorn stones who were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) within the Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society (CROES) PCNL Global Study.

Patients And Methods: Data over a 1-year period from consecutively treated patients from 96 centers worldwide were collated. The following variables in patients with staghorn or nonstaghorn stones were compared: National prevalence, patient characteristics, access method, puncture frequency and outcomes, including bleeding rates, operative time, and duration of hospital stay.

Immediate renal Doppler ultrasonography findings (<24 h) and its association with graft survival.

Purpose: Renal Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) is the gold-standard image test for follow-up after renal transplantation, it is potentially useful to detect renal disease and it could be related with long-term survival. We evaluate whether renal graft survival can be predicted by immediate renal Doppler ultrasonography (IRDUS), defined as ultrasonography carried out in the first 24 h post-surgery.

Materials And Methods: Immediate renal DUS findings (resistance index, hydronephrosis, fluid collection, bruises, and vascularization abnormalities) and their association with graft survival were analyzed in a retrospective observational study of 343 renal allografts.

A plea for centralized care for ureteroscopy: results from a comparative study under different conditions within the same center.

Purpose: We stratified factors that affect treatment morbidity, compared the outcomes of ureteroscopy procedures from a single department under different conditions, and provided evidence of treatment benefits when ureteroscopy is performed in an expert setting.

Patients And Methods: Since the department became a dedicated endourologic center in 2002, we grouped all ureteroscopy procedures into those performed before 2002 (group A) and after 2002 (group B). The modified Clavien classification was used to score morbidity.

Impact of smoking on outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for urothelial carcinoma not invading muscle of the bladder.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Prognosis (case series).

Level Of Evidence: 4. What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The main goal of a prostate biopsy is to identify clinically relevant prostate cancer with the lowest possible morbidity from the procedure.

Role of positron emission tomography in urological oncology.

• Positron emission tomography (PET) is a diagnostic tool using radiotracers to show changes in metabolic activities in tissues. We analysed the role of PET and PET/computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of urological tumours. • A critical, non-structured review of the literature of the role of PET and PET/CT in urological oncology was conducted.

Association of steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) and multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene expression with survival among patients with invasive bladder carcinoma.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? SXR and MDR1 are known as responsible for chemo and radiotherapy resistance in some cancers, like kidney cancer (MDR1). Invasive bladder cancer is an aggressive disease, with different behaviour upon its tumoral stage, and also within the same tumoral stage, therefore molecular markers are sought. This study shows a new molecular marker, which has shown as a predictor for bad prognosis cancers, therefore, allowing us for a better patient selection for aggressive therapies.

Biopsy of a renal mass: where are we now?

Purpose Of Review: To review the most recent literature concerning renal mass biopsy with special consideration to three points: variation in results related to the standard used as comparison, biopsy in small renal masses (up to 4 cm in diameter) and the case for nondiagnostic biopsy.

Recent Findings: The overall rate of failed and indeterminate biopsies shows a trend for improvement. However, selection bias and the lack of a uniform index test for comparison preclude a definitive statement.

Two contemporary series of percutaneous tract dilation for percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Dilation of the tract for percutaneous nephrolithotomy can be performed with three different basic techniques. A retrospective outcome analysis of two techniques-metal telescoping dilation and balloon dilation-in a contemporary series of two European departments shows no significant difference in morbidity related to the dilation procedure. A literature survey that concentrates on publications with a focus on tract dilation shows that balloon dilation is the most frequently performed, but the morbidity reported for the different techniques appears identical.

Dual tracer 11C-choline and FDG-PET in the diagnosis of biochemical prostate cancer relapse after radical treatment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a dual tracer 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D: -glucose (FDG) and (11)C-choline positron emission tomography (PET) protocol in the detection of biochemical prostate cancer relapse.

Procedures: Seventy-three patients (median Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Test value 2.7 ng/ml (1.

Perioperative morbidity of laparoscopic cryoablation of small renal masses with ultrathin probes: a European multicentre experience.

Background: Low morbidity has been advocated for cryoablation of small renal masses.

Objectives: To assess negative perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic renal cryoablation (LRC) with ultrathin cryoprobes and patient, tumour, and operative risk factors for their development.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective collection of data on LRC in five centres.

Advances in ultrasound technology in oncologic urology.

Continuous innovations and clinical research in ultrasound (US) technology have upgraded the position of US in the imaging armamentarium of urologists. In particular, contrast-enhanced US and sonoelastography seem to be promising in the diagnosis of urologic cancers, implementation of ablative treatments, and monitoring of treatment response. This article focuses on the potential clinical applications of recent advances in US technology in oncologic urology.

Medical expulsive therapy for distal ureteral stones.

Although minimally invasive treatments for ureteral stones are efficacious, they are not free of complications and are associated with high cost. Medical expulsive therapy (MET) has recently emerged as an alternative strategy for the initial management of small distal ureteral stones. A MEDLINE search was undertaken to evaluate all currently available data on efficacy and safety of MET therapy in such patients.

Is age a prognostic factor for treatment outcome in renal cell cancer-A comprehensive review.

Life expectancy gradually increases in the Western part of the world. Older patients may present with small, localized tumours and/or advanced or metastatic disease and still, potentially, have a considerable life expectancy. The consequence of the increased life span is that in older patients all potential treatments have to be discussed.