Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in Rats Chronically Treated with the Synthetic Cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2.

Unlabelled: The minimum alveolar concentration MAC of isoflurane was measured in rats chronically treated with WIN 55,212-2.

Methods: The MAC of isoflurane was determined in 24 male rats from expiratory samples at time of tail clamping under the following conditions: without treatment MAC(), in rats treated for 21 days with WIN 55,212-2 MAC(), and in rats 8 days after stopping treatment with WIN 55,212-2 (MAC).

Results: The MAC() was 1.

Influence of Mediterranean climate and lunar calendar on milk production in Lacaune breed ewes.

Environmental factors affect daily milk production in dairy animals. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of environmental factors, specifically mean temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), temperature-humidity index (THI), solar radiation (°), pluvial precipitation (mm) and lunar calendar (full moon, waxing quarter, waning quarter, new moon), on milk production (kg/d). The analysis was based on 96,195 morning and evening milking records documented on 109 consecutive days, from 869 Lacaune ewes.

A systematic-review on the role of exogenous enzymes on the productive performance at weaning, growing and finishing in pigs.

Supplementing exogenous enzymes in pig diets is an alternative solution to increase dietary energy and fiber digestibility to improve pig production performance at a low production cost and to reduce environmental impact with lower N and P excretions. The production stage, diet composition, enzyme source, amount and number of enzymes added, are factors to consider before using them. A database composed by 227 individual diets, resulting from 43 studies with 48 experimental records were divided in different production stages, with 19 records for weaning, 17 records for growing and 12 records for finishing.

Clinical Use of The Parasympathetic Tone Activity Index As a Measurement of Postoperative Analgaesia in Dogs Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy.

Introduction: While the current tools to assess canine postoperative pain using physiological and behavioural parameters are reliable, an objective method such as the parasympathetic tone activity (PTA) index could improve postoperative care. The aim of the study was to determine the utility of the PTA index in assessing postoperative analgaesia.

Material And Methods: Thirty healthy bitches of different breeds were randomly allocated into three groups for analgaesic treatment: the paracetamol group (G, n = 10) received 15 mg/kg b.

Milk Production of Lacaune Sheep with Different Degrees of Crossing with Manchega Sheep in a Commercial Flock in Spain.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the grade of crossbreeding (Lacaune x Manchega) and environmental factors on milk production in a commercial flock in Spain. A total of 5769 milk production records of sheep with different degrees of purity of the Lacaune breed crossed with Manchega were used as follows: 100% Lacaune ( = 2960), 7/8 Lacaune ( = 502), 13/16 Lacaune ( = 306), 3/4 ( = 1288), 5/8 Lacaune ( = 441) and 1/2 Lacaune: Manchega ( = 272). Additional available information included the number of parity (1 to 8), litter size (single or multiple), and the season of the year of lambing (spring, summer, autumn and winter).

Clinical evaluation of postoperative analgesia, cardiorespiratory parameters and changes in liver and renal function tests of paracetamol compared to meloxicam and carprofen in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

Background: In veterinary medicine, the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) for the control of postsurgical pain in dogs and cats is common given the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of these drugs. This study compared the serum biochemical changes and postoperative analgesic effects of paracetamol, meloxicam, and carprofen in bitches submitted to an ovariohysterectomy using the Dynamic Interactive Visual Analog Scale (DIVAS) and Pain Scale of the University of Melbourne (UMPS) scoring systems.

Methods: Thirty bitches of different breeds underwent elective ovariohysterectomies and were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: a paracetamol group [15 mg kg-1 intravenous (IV)], a carprofen group (4 mg kg-1 IV), and a meloxicam group (0.

Cardiovascular effects of constant rate infusions of lidocaine, lidocaine and dexmedetomidine, and dexmedetomidine in dogs anesthetized at equipotent doses of sevoflurane.

This study evaluated the cardiovascular effects of a constant rate infusion (CRI) of lidocaine, lidocaine and dexmedetomidine, and dexmedetomidine in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane at equipotent doses. Treatments consisted of T1-Lidocaine [loading dose 2 mg/kg body weight (BW), IV, and CRI of 100 μg/kg BW per min] at 1.4% end-tidal of sevoflurane (FE); T2-Dexmedetomidine (loading dose 2 μg/kg BW, IV, and CRI of 2 μg/kg BW per hour) and FE 1.