Expression of the HO Biosensor roGFP-Tpx1.C160S in Fission and Budding Yeasts and Jurkat Cells to Compare Intracellular HO Levels, Transmembrane Gradients, and Response to Metals.

Intracellular hydrogen peroxide (HO) levels can oscillate from low, physiological concentrations, to intermediate, signaling ones, and can participate in toxic reactions when overcoming certain thresholds. Fluorescent protein-based reporters to measure intracellular HO have been developed in recent decades. In particular, the redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP)-based proteins fused to peroxiredoxins are among the most sensitive HO biosensors.