Toxicological and environmental risks of enalapril and their possible transformation products generated under phototransformation reactions.

Pharmaceutical active compounds (PACs) in the concentration range of hundreds of ng/L to μg/L have been identified in urban surface water, groundwater, and agricultural land where they cause various health risks. These pollutants are classified as emerging and cannot be efficiently removed by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The use of nano-enabled photocatalysts in the removal of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems has recently received research attention owing to their enhanced properties and effectiveness.

Priority list of pharmaceutical active compounds in aquatic environments of Mexico considering their occurrence, environmental and human health risks.

Pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) are detected pollutants in aquatic environments worldwide at concentrations ranging from ng L to µg L. Currently, PhAC monitoring is poorly realized in Mexico. This study proposes a priority list of PhACs in Mexican aquatic environments, considering their occurrence and environmental and human health risks.

Efficient removal of veterinary drugs from aqueous solutions using magnetically separable carbonaceous materials derived from cobalt and iron metal-organic frameworks.

Rapid synthesis of carbon-based magnetic materials derived from cobalt and iron metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), ZIF-67, and MIL-100(Fe), by microwave-assisted method, followed by carbonization under a N atmosphere is described in this study. The carbon-derived MOFs (CDMs) were evaluated for the removal of the emerging pollutants sulfadiazine (SDZ) and flumequine (FLU) used as veterinary drugs. The study aimed to link the adsorption behavior with their surface properties and elemental composition.

Pods or a Polyphenolic Extract Derived from Them Exert Immunomodulatory, Metabolic, Renoprotective, and Prebiotic Effects in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Obesity causes systemic inflammation, hepatic and renal damage, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis. Alternative vegetable sources rich in polyphenols are known to prevent or delay the progression of metabolic abnormalities during obesity. (VF) is a potent source of polyphenols with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities with potential anti-obesity effects.

Ion-Imprinted Polymer Structurally Preorganized Using a Phenanthroline-Divinylbenzoate Complex with the Cu(II) Ion as Template and Some Adsorption Results.

The novel [Cuphen(VBA)HO] complex (phen: phenanthroline, VBA: vinylbenzoate) was prepared and used as a functional monomer to preorganize a new ion-imprinted polymer (IIP). By leaching the Cu(II) from the molecular imprinted polymer (MIP), [Cuphen(VBA)HO--EGDMA] (EGDMA: ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), the IIP was obtained. A non-ion-imprinted polymer (NIIP) was also prepared.

Iron metal-organic framework supported in a polymeric membrane for solid-phase extraction of anti-inflammatory drugs.

A solid-phase extraction methodology using a MIL-101(Fe)/PVDF membrane was proposed as a useful alternative for the simultaneous determination of naproxen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen, three anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in wastewater samples by HPLC-CCD analysis. The MIL-101(Fe) was prepared by a rapid microwave-assisted method and supported in a polymeric PVDF membrane. The prepared material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Carbon composite membrane derived from MIL-125-NH MOF for the enhanced extraction of emerging pollutants.

Porous carbon derived from amine-functionalized MIL-125 metal-organic framework (C-MIL-125-NH) was prepared by carbonization at high temperature under inert atmosphere, and used for adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-tert-butylphenol (4-tBP). The obtained carbon showed bimodal porosity and fast extraction of both pollutants in batch conditions following a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption mechanism was studied by the measurement of zeta potential, and the results suggested that π-π stacking interactions between the carbon material and the phenol molecules probably are the main sorption mechanism.

Automated on-line monitoring of the TiO-based photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate.

A fully automated on-line system for monitoring the TiO2-based photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) using sequential injection analysis (SIA) coupled to liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection was proposed. The effects of the type of catalyst (sol-gel, Degussa P25 and Hombikat), the amount of catalyst (0.5, 1.

Nanoparticle@Metal-Organic Frameworks as a Template for Hierarchical Porous Carbon Sponges.

The preparation of hierarchical porous carbon sponges (HCS) from metal oxide nanoparticle@metal-organic frameworks is reported. ZnO nanoparticles are partially converted to zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) crystals in presence of n-butylamine to obtain ZnO@ZIF-8 porous hybrids. After direct carbonization, followed by ZnO acidic etching, ZnO@ZIF-8 crystals were converted to submicrometric HCS.

Phosphorous-doped TiO nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and visible photocatalytic evaluation on sulfamethazine degradation.

Mesoporous phosphorous-doped TiO (TP) with different wt% of P (0.5, 1.0, and 1.

Synthesis of Cr-doped TiO nanoparticles: characterization and evaluation of their visible photocatalytic performance and stability.

Cr-doped TiO nanoparticles (Ti-Cr) were synthesized by microwave-assisted sol-gel method. The Ti-Cr catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N adsorption-desorption analysis, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and zetametry. The anatase mesoporous Ti-Cr material exhibited a specific surface area of 54.

An evaluation of the bioaccessibility of arsenic in corn and rice samples based on cloud point extraction and hydride generation coupled to atomic fluorescence spectrometry.

A simple, inexpensive and rapid method was proposed for the determination of bioaccessible arsenic in corn and rice samples using an in vitro bioaccessibility assay. The method was based on the preconcentration of arsenic by cloud point extraction (CPE) using o,o-diethyldithiophosphate (DDTP) complex, which was generated from an in vitro extract using polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether (Triton X-114) as a surfactant prior to its detection by atomic fluorescence spectrometry with a hydride generation system (HG-AFS). The CPE method was optimized by a multivariate approach (two-level full factorial and Doehlert designs).

Salicylic acid degradation by advanced oxidation processes. Coupling of solar photoelectro-Fenton and solar heterogeneous photocatalysis.

A 3.0 L solar flow plant with a Pt/air-diffusion (anode/cathode) cell, a solar photoreactor and a photocatalytic photoreactor filled with TiO2-coated glass spheres has been utilized to couple solar photoelectro-Fenton (SPEF) and solar heterogeneous photocatalysis (SPC) for treating a 165mgL(-1) salicylic acid solution of pH 3.0.

Persistent Organic Pollutants and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Soil from the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.

The purpose of this study was to assess the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDE), and four heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, and lead) in outdoor surface soils (50 samples) collected from the metropolitan area of Monterrey in Mexico. Total PBDEs levels ranged from 1.80 to 127 µg/kg, with mean total PBDEs level of 14.

Coupling of solar photoelectro-Fenton with a BDD anode and solar heterogeneous photocatalysis for the mineralization of the herbicide atrazine.

Here, the synergetic effect of coupling solar photoelectro-Fenton (SPEF) and solar heterogeneous photocatalysis (SPC) on the mineralization of 200mL of a 20mg L(-1) atrazine solution, prepared from the commercial herbicide Gesaprim, at pH 3.0 was studied. Uniform, homogeneous and adherent anatase-TiO2 films onto glass spheres of 5mm diameter were prepared by the sol-gel dip-coating method and used as catalyst for SPC.

Photocatalytical removal of inorganic and organic arsenic species from aqueous solution using zinc oxide semiconductor.

The photocatalytic removal of arsenite [As(III)] and monomethylarsonic acid [MMA(V)] was investigated in the presence of UV light (350 nm) and aqueous suspensions of ZnO synthesized by the sol-gel technique. Photocatalytic removal of these potent arsenic compounds results in the effective and rapid mineralization to less toxic inorganic arsenate [As(V)]. The effect of ZnO loading and solution pH on the treatment efficiency of the UV/ZnO photocatalytic process was evaluated.

Performance of the photo-Fenton process in the degradation of a model azo dye mixture.

The degradation of a model mixture composed of Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) and Methyl Orange (MO) azo dyes was performed using the photo-Fenton process (PFP). The performance of this process conducted under artificial UV light (365 nm) was compared with the Fenton reaction. Some important operating parameters that affect the degradation of azo dyes, such as initial Fe(2+) and H(2)O(2) concentrations and the presence or absence of chloride ions, were investigated.