Behavioral report of in response to substrate infestation by and using a tetrahedron olfactometer device.

Calliphoridae are widespread globally and can inhabit a variety of habitats. In this brief report, we assessed the appeal of to resources that were previously inhabited by and , both common carrion colonizers. Two hundred adult male and female (1:1) were released under controlled conditions into clear plastic cages (45 x 45 x 45 cm) with four types of substrates: beef-liver; liver with 100 third-instar larvae of ; (III) liver containing 100 third-instar larvae of L.

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD1 as a factory to synthesize alkali-labile ChiA74∆sp chitinase inclusions, Cry crystals and spores for applied use.

Background: The endochitinase ChiA74 is a soluble secreted enzyme produced by Bacillus thuringiensis that synergizes the entomotoxigenecity of Cry proteins that accumulate as intracellular crystalline inclusion during sporulation. The purpose of this study was to produce alkaline-soluble ChiA74∆sp inclusions in B. thuringiensis, and to determine its effect on Cry crystal production, sporulation and toxicity to an important agronomical insect, Manduca sexta.