A Narrative Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sarcopenia and Malnutrition in Patients with Heart Failure.

The prevalence of sarcopenia (loss of muscle strength, mass and function) in individuals with heart failure (HF) stands at a considerable level (approximately 20%), contributing to heightened mortality rates and diminished quality of life. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms involve the presence of low-grade inflammation and a disturbance of the anabolic-catabolic protein balance. The nutritional assessment of patients with HF is a key aspect, and diverse diagnostic tools are employed based on patient profiles (outpatient, inpatient and nursing home).

Novel intervention based on an individualized bundle of care to decrease infection in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: Infection remains a relevant complication after kidney transplantation (KT). A well-established strategy in modern medicine is the application of bundles of evidence-based practice in clinical settings. The objective of this study is to explore the application of a personalized bundle of measures aimed to reduce the incidence of infection in the first 12 months after KT.

Assessing the impact of long-term inhaled corticosteroid therapy on patients with COVID-19 and coexisting chronic lung disease: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with chronic lung disease (CLD), such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, were expected to have an increased risk of clinical manifestations and severity of COVID-19. However, these comorbidities have been reported less frequently than expected. Chronic treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) may impact the clinical course of COVID-19.

Prognostic Value of D-dimer to Lymphocyte Ratio (DLR) in Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Validation Study in a National Cohort.

Background: This study aimed to validate the role of the D-dimer to lymphocyte ratio (DLR) for mortality prediction in a large national cohort of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter, observational study that included hospitalized patients due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain was conducted from March 2020 to March 2022. All biomarkers and laboratory indices analyzed were measured once at admission.

Sporadic, non-functional, gastrin-producing duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective study of an infrequent disease.

Objectives: Non-functioning gastrin-producing neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) of the duodenum are rare gastrointestinal tumors without a clinical syndrome due to gastrin production. Their incidence has significantly increased as an incidental finding during endoscopic studies. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and prognostic factors of this emergent and infrequent neoplasm.

Mortality and other adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted for COVID-19 in association with glucose-lowering drugs: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Limited evidence exists on the role of glucose-lowering drugs in patients with COVID-19. Our main objective was to examine the association between in-hospital death and each routine at-home glucose-lowering drug both individually and in combination with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted for COVID-19. We also evaluated their association with the composite outcome of the need for ICU admission, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death as well as on the development of in-hospital complications and a long-time hospital stay.

Detection of Respiratory Viruses in the Clinical Outcome of Children With Fever and Neutropenia.

Background: Several evidence-based guidelines for the management of children with febrile neutropenia (FN) have been published, with special focus in bacterial and fungal infections. However, the role of acute respiratory infections caused by respiratory viruses (RV) has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical presentation and outcome of acute respiratory infections in children with FN.

Lactate Dehydrogenase: A Marker of the Severity of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis in Children with Sickle Cell Disease Presenting at the Emergency Department.

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in children with sickle cell disease and to identify factors associated with greater severity. We performed a prospective observational study from August 2012 to January 2014. The study population comprised patients with sickle cell disease who consulted at the emergency department (ED) for VOC.

Isolated De Novo Antiendothelial Cell Antibodies and Kidney Transplant Rejection.

Background: Studies analyzing the role of antiendothelial cell antibodies (AECAs) in large series of kidney transplant recipients are scarce, and HLA, MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I-related chain A (MICA), and angiotensin II type 1 receptor have not been formally excluded as targets.

Study Design: Retrospective study of a cohort of kidney transplant recipients.

Setting & Participants: 324 kidney transplant recipients who were negative for anti-HLA, anti-MICA, and anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibodies were tested for AECAs in pre- and posttransplantation serum samples.

Status of vitamin D in children with sickle cell disease living in Madrid, Spain.

Unlabelled: Patients with sickle cell disease have vitamin D deficiency and poor bone health which makes them prone to have an increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis in adulthood. We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study in children diagnosed with sickle cell disease living in Madrid, Spain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the status of vitamin D of these children.