Correction to: Catheter retention as a consequence rather than a cause of unfavorable outcome in candidemia.

In the original publication the members of the FUNGINOS network were provided in such a way that they could not be indexed as collaborators on PubMed.

Fluconazole non-susceptible breakthrough candidemia after prolonged low-dose prophylaxis: a prospective FUNGINOS study.

Objectives: Breakthrough candidemia (BTC) on fluconazole was associated with non-susceptible Candida spp. and increased mortality. This nationwide FUNGINOS study analyzed clinical and mycological BTC characteristics.

Efficacy of anidulafungin in 539 patients with invasive candidiasis: a patient-level pooled analysis of six clinical trials.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of anidulafungin for the treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis in a large dataset, including patients with deep-seated tissue candidiasis, neutropenia and infection due to non- albicans Candida species.

Methods: Data were pooled from six prospective, multicentre, multinational studies: four open-label, non-comparative studies of anidulafungin and two double-blind, double-dummy, randomized studies of anidulafungin versus caspofungin (clinical trial registrations: NCT00496197, NCT00548262, NCT00537329, NCT00689338, NCT00806351 and NCT00805740; ClinicalTrials.gov).

Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotypes in nosocomial pneumonia: prevalence and clinical outcomes.

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequently causes nosocomial pneumonia and is associated with poor outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and clinical outcome of nosocomial pneumonia caused by serotype-specific P. aeruginosa in critically ill patients under appropriate antimicrobial therapy management.

The safety and efficacy of high-dose daptomycin combined with rifampicin for the treatment of Gram-positive osteoarticular infections.

Purpose: Treatment of Gram-positive osteoarticular infections requires an adequate surgical approach combined with intensive antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a combined regimen of high-dose daptomycin and rifampicin, in patients with various types of Gram-positive osteoarticular infections.

Methods: This single centre, non-comparative, prospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a combined regimen of intravenous daptomycin (8 mg/kg/day) and oral rifampicin (600 mg/day) in patients with Gram-positive osteoarticular infections, with a minimal follow-up of one year.

Short parenteral antibiotic treatment for adult septic arthritis after successful drainage.

Objectives: To assess the risk factors for recurrence of septic arthritis with an emphasis on the duration of antibiotic treatment, to gather data for a prospective study on an optimized antibiotic treatment in adults with septic arthritis.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-center study conducted for the period 1996-2008.

Results: A total of 169 episodes of septic arthritis in 157 adult patients (median age 63 years; 65 females) were included.

Pharmacokinetics and safety of panobacumab: specific adjunctive immunotherapy in critical patients with nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa O11 pneumonia.

Objectives: Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia remains a major concern in critically ill patients. We explored the potential impact of microorganism-targeted adjunctive immunotherapy in such patients.

Patients And Methods: This multicentre, open pilot Phase 2a clinical trial (NCT00851435) prospectively evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics and potential efficacy of three doses of 1.

Emerging invasive zygomycosis in a tertiary care center: epidemiology and associated risk factors.

Objectives: Invasive zygomycosis is a rare fungal opportunistic disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate, predominantly affecting immunosuppressed patients. Presented herein is our investigation of the epidemiological factors associated with an increasing incidence of the disease at the University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland, over the past five years.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of the clinical charts and microbiology records of patients with a positive culture for zygomycetes, to evaluate predisposing factors and epidemiological characteristics.

Report of a successful treatment of pulmonary Cunninghamella bertholletiae infection with liposomal amphotericin and posaconazole in a child with GvHD and review of the literature.

Zygomycosis is an emerging, opportunistic fungal infection particularly affecting immunocomprised patients. We report the case of a 10-year-old girl who developed pulmonary zygomycosis because of Cunninghamella bertholletiae 1 year after undergoing bone marrow transplantation complicated with severe cutaneous and digestive graft-versus-host disease. Treatment with surgery and liposomal amphotericin B followed by posaconazole successfully treated the infection.

Cladophialophora bantiana: a rare cause of fungal brain abscess. Clinical aspects and new therapeutic options.

Black molds or dematiaceous fungi are rare etiologic agents of intracerebral abscesses and such infections carry a high mortality of up to 70% despite combined surgical and antifungal therapy. While the growing use of immunosuppressive therapies and organ transplantation have caused an increase in the incidence of rare fungal cerebral infections, occurrence in immunocompetent hosts is also possible. We describe a 60-year-old female patient with a cerebral abscess caused by Cladophialophora bantiana.

Respiratory viruses in HIV-infected patients with suspected respiratory opportunistic infection.

Objective: To assess the incidence and epidemiological pattern of respiratory viruses in HIV-infected patients and to evaluate their potential clinical impact.

Design And Methods: A prospective population-based cohort study was conducted at three Swiss university hospitals. Study participants were HIV-infected patients who underwent a bronchoalveolar lavage to rule out an opportunistic event.

Use of high-dose liposomal amphotericin B: efficacy and tolerance.

Fungal infections have become increasingly prevalent over the past decade. Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) (Fungizone) has been the treatment of choice despite its association with significant high adverse effects, and notably severe high nephrotoxicity. However, liposomal ampotericin B (L-AmB) (AmBisome) has now become the first-line treatment due to its lower nephrotoxicity but without any loss of clinical efficacy.

Immunomodulatory therapy in yeast infections.

Invasive yeast infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with defective immune response, such as those with cancer-related immunosuppression, organ transplantation or other immunodeficiencies, and neonates. Hospitalization in the intensive care unit may increase the risk for such infections. Despite the advent of new antifungal agents, the problem is escalating as the number of susceptible hosts increase and virulent, more resistant fungal strains emerge.

Invasive aspergillosis: is treatment with "inexpensive" amphotericin B cost saving if "expensive" voriconazole is only used on demand?

Background: Voriconazole for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA) shows superior clinical outcome and tolerability compared to conventional amphotericin B. However, the latter is often used as initial treatment due to lower drug acquisition costs. Therefore we performed a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Chronic rhinoviral infection in lung transplant recipients.

Rationale: Lung transplant recipients are particularly at risk of complications from rhinovirus, the most frequent respiratory virus circulating in the community.

Objectives: To determine whether lung transplant recipients can be chronically infected by rhinovirus and the potential clinical impact.

Methods: We first identified an index case, in which rhinovirus was isolated repeatedly, and conducted detailed molecular analysis to determine whether this was related to a unique strain or to re-infection episodes.

A prospective hospital-based study of the clinical impact of non-severe acute respiratory syndrome (Non-SARS)-related human coronavirus infection.

Background: In addition to the human coronaviruses (HCoVs) OC43 and 229E, which have been known for decades to cause infection in humans, 2 new members of this genus have recently been identified: HCoVs NL63 and HKU1. Their impact as a cause of respiratory tract disease in adults at risk for complications needs to be established.

Methods: We prospectively assessed the clinical impact of coronavirus infection (excluding cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome) among hospitalized adults.

Treatment options of invasive fungal infections in adults.

A panel of infectious disease specialists, clinical microbiologists and hospital epidemiologists of the five Swiss university hospitals reviewed the current literature on the treatment of invasive fungal infections in adults and formulated guidelines for the management of patients in Switzerland. For empirical therapy of Candida bloodstream infection, fluconazole is the drug of choice in non-neutropenic patients with no severe sepsis or septic shock or recent exposure to azoles. Amphotericin B deoxycholate or caspofungin would be the treatment option for patients with previous azole exposure.

Recurrent bacteremia with Helicobacter cinaedi: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Helicobacter cinaedi is a rare pathogen in humans, occurring mostly in immuno-compromised patients, with a high potential for recurrence. We describe a case of a patient with lymphoma hospitalized for chemotherapy.

Case Presentation: At admission, the patient presented with an indolent and non-prurigenic macular rash around her implantable venous access device.

A randomized, blinded, multicenter trial of lipid-associated amphotericin B alone versus in combination with an antibody-based inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 in patients with invasive candidiasis.

Background: Mycograb (NeuTec Pharma) is a human recombinant monoclonal antibody against heat shock protein 90 that, in laboratory studies, was revealed to have synergy with amphotericin B against a broad spectrum of Candida species.

Methods: A double-blind, randomized study was conducted to determine whether lipid-associated amphotericin B plus Mycograb was superior to amphotericin B plus placebo in patients with culture-confirmed invasive candidiasis. Patients received a lipid-associated formulation of amphotericin B plus a 5-day course of Mycograb or placebo, having been stratified on the basis of Candida species (Candida albicans vs.

Should we continue using amphotericin B deoxycholate for the treatment of fungal infections? Adverse events and clinical outcomes.

Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) has been a standard therapy for IFI but is associated with high adverse event and mortality rates. A retrospective review was undertaken to describe adverse events and clinical outcomes in adult patients with IFI treated with only AmBd as initial therapy.

Infection and rejection in liver transplant patients: a 10-year Swiss single-centre experience.

Introduction: Graft rejection and infection remain major morbidities following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Rejection treatment may be associated with an increased rate of infectious complications. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between rejection, rejection therapy and the risk of associated infections.