Efficiency of periodontal treatment to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of economic evaluations.

Background: To assess the efficiency of periodontal treatment (PT) in improving diabetes-related outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis, providing an updated and comprehensive synthesis from economic evaluations (EE).

Methods: Seven databases and one register were independently searched by two reviewers for articles published up to 8 May 2024. Studies that assessed the efficiency of PT versus no treatment or other dental treatments were included.

Association between the Mediterranean Diet Index and self-reported Gingival Health Status Indicators in a population of Chilean adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Despite the recognized impact of diet on non-communicable diseases, the association between the Mediterranean diet and periodontal diseases is still uncertain. This study aimed to determine the association between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Index (MDI) and self-reported gingival health status in Chilean adults, exploring the feasibility of using validated web-based survey questionnaires.

Methodology: Cross-sectional data were collected from a representative sample of a population of Chilean adults (18-60 years old) using a low-cost and time-saving methodology.

Functional dentition and well-being among Chilean 80-year-olds.

Background: The Decade of Healthy Aging 2021-2030 calls for a strengthening of the policies for older people in Latin America. An example of successful oral aging is the Japanese "8020" campaign, which achieved 50% of people aged 80 years having ≥20 teeth by 2016.

Objective: To evaluate the association between having a functional dentition (≥20 teeth) and cognitive health, social participation, and quality of life in people aged ≥80 years.

Developing a protocol for a preventive oral health exam for elderly people (EDePAM) using E-Delphi methodology.

The aim of this study was to develop a Preventive Oral Health Exam for Elderly People (EDePAM), using the e-Delphi technique, to diagnose oral health problems in people 65 or older. The e-Delphi technique was used with experts in multiple stages, and in a final workshop, where an agreement on an examination protocol was reached for diagnosing dental caries, oral mucosa lesions, periodontal diseases, and masticatory function disorders. Quantitative analyses of all the rounds of the e-Delphi method were conducted.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Quality of Life of Type II Diabetes Patients With Periodontitis.

Confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic has made dental treatments impossible in Chile and many other countries, including diabetic patients with periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of periodontal therapy in terms of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) during the COVID-19 pandemic in a cohort of diabetic patients with periodontitis. Thirty-eight diabetic patients with stage III-IV periodontitis, enrolled for periodontal therapy, were screened.

Periodontal Treatment Protocol for Decompensated Diabetes Patients.

Decompensated diabetes is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis and poorer response to periodontal therapy. It is conceivable that periodontal therapy may cause systemic and local complications in this type of patients. The aim of the present study was to identify and describe the best available evidence for the treatment of periodontitis in decompensated diabetics.

Performance of the 2017 AAP/EFP case definition compared with the CDC/AAP definition in population-based studies.

Background: Classification of the periodontal conditions is indispensable for epidemiological data in order to guide situational awareness and therapeutic strategies. The new classification of periodontal diseases and conditions introduced by the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology (AAP/EFP), however, has not yet been applied to population-based studies. The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of periodontitis between the AAP/EFP and the CDC/AAP classification system and to evaluate the accuracy of the new AAP/EFP classification system against the CDC/AAP case definition for population-based studies.

Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America: LAOHA Consensus Meeting Report.

Periodontal diseases are considered a worldwide public health problem, owing to their high prevalence in developed and developing countries. Periodontitis may lead to tooth loss, which can impact oral health-related quality of life. Gingivitis and periodontitis have been extensively studied regarding their etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention and treatment outcomes.

Periodontal disease and its impact on general health in Latin America. Section I: Introduction part I.

A high level of general and oral health are invaluable assets, a factor not always considered a basic human right for their better life quality. The mouth is a critical point of contact with the external environment, which is established when we talk, chew, swallow and when food digestion begins. From a perspective of the human condition, the mouth is crucial for the integration of sound, social appearance of the individual, and is one of the fundamental components of overall health.

Effect of periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis and diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The evidence is inconclusive regarding the effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control and systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and periodontitis. To evaluate the effect of scaling and root planing (SRP) on the metabolic control and systemic inflammation of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methodology: A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE database via PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from their oldest records up to July 2018.

Dental caries is associated with severe periodontitis in Chilean adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis and a possible association is still a matter of debate. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis in Chilean adults.

Methods: Evaluation of periodontal and dental status in 994 adults (35-44 years old) based on the First Chilean National Examination Survey 2007-2008.

Impact of smoking on gingival inflammation in representative samples of three South American cities.

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of smoking on gingival inflammation in a representative sample of 1,650 adults from Santiago (Chile), Porto Alegre (Brazil), and Tucumán (Argentina). A questionnaire was administered to participants to gather demographic and behavioral characteristics, including smoking habits. The participants were clinically examined to obtain gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), visible plaque index (VPI), and calculus presence values.

A multicenter study of oral health behavior among adult subjects from three South American cities.

The aims of this study were to describe the self-reported oral hygiene habits, dental visit frequency, and gingival bleeding perception in adult populations from three South American cities, and also to assess the association of these variables with sociodemographic data and with the clinical presence of plaque and gingival inflammation. Five-hundred and fifty adult subjects from each city (Porto Alegre, Brazil; Tucumán, Argentina; Santiago, Chile) received full mouth examinations to determine visible plaque and gingival index. A structured questionnaire on demographics, habits, attitudes and knowledge of oral health was also administered.

Microbiological and clinical effects of probiotics and antibiotics on nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo- controlled trial with 9-month follow-up.

The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel- arm randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic sachet and azithromycin tablets as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy in clinical parameters and in presence and levels of Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Forty-seven systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were recruited and monitored clinically and microbiologically at baseline for 3, 6 and 9 months after therapy. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from four periodontal sites with clinical attachment level ≥1 mm, probing pocket depth ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing, one site in each quadrant.

Prevalence, severity, and risk indicators of gingival inflammation in a multi-center study on South American adults: a cross sectional study.

Objectives:: The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and severity of gingival inflammation and associated risk indicators in South American adults.

Material And Methods:: Multi-stage samples totaling 1,650 adults from Porto Alegre (Brazil), Tucumán (Argentina), and Santiago (Chile) were assessed. The sampling procedure consisted of a 4-stage process.

Diagnostic accuracy for apical and chronic periodontitis biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid: an exploratory study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the levels and diagnostic accuracy of a set of potential biomarkers of periodontal tissue metabolism in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis ( AAP).

Materials And Methods: Thirty one GCF samples from 11 CP patients, 44 GCF samples from 38 AAP patients and 31 GCF samples from 13 healthy volunteers were obtained (N = 106). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9 were determined by zymography; levels of MMP-8 by ELISA and IFMA and MPO by ELISA.

Prevalence and predictors for clinical attachment loss in adolescents in Latin America: cross-sectional study.

Aim: To describe the prevalence, severity and extension of clinical attachment loss (CAL) and to study the predictors in 15- to 19-year-old adolescents from high schools in the Latin America.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional, epidemiological study was performed. The sample included 1070 high school adolescents 15-19 years of age from Santiago de Chile (Chile), Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Mendoza (Argentina), Montevideo (Uruguay), Quito (Ecuador) and Medellín (Colombia).

Host response mechanisms in periodontal diseases.

Periodontal diseases usually refer to common inflammatory disorders known as gingivitis and periodontitis, which are caused by a pathogenic microbiota in the subgingival biofilm, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola that trigger innate, inflammatory, and adaptive immune responses. These processes result in the destruction of the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, and eventually in tissue, bone and finally, tooth loss. The innate immune response constitutes a homeostatic system, which is the first line of defense, and is able to recognize invading microorganisms as non-self, triggering immune responses to eliminate them.

Changes in lipopolysaccharide profile of Porphyromonas gingivalis clinical isolates correlate with changes in colony morphology and polymyxin B resistance.

Virulence factors on the surface of Porphyromonas gingivalis constitute the first line of interaction with host cells and contribute to immune modulation and periodontitis progression. In order to characterize surface virulence factors present on P. gingivalis, we obtained clinical isolates from healthy and periodontitis subjects and compared them with reference strains.

Matrix metalloproteinases and myeloperoxidase in gingival crevicular fluid provide site-specific diagnostic value for chronic periodontitis.

Aim: To identify the diagnostic accuracy of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) candidate biomarkers to discriminate periodontitis from the inflamed and healthy sites, and to compare the performance of two independent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 immunoassays.

Materials And Methods: Cross sectional study. GCF (N = 58 sites) was collected from healthy, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis volunteers and analysed for levels of azurocidin, chemokine ligand 5, MPO, TIMP-1 MMP-13 and MMP-14 by ELISA or activity assays.

Interferon-γ, interleukins-6 and -4, and factor XIII-A as indirect markers of the classical and alternative macrophage activation pathways in chronic periodontitis.

Background: Macrophages account for 5% to 30% of the inflammatory infiltrate in periodontitis and are activated by the classic and alternative pathways. These pathways are identified by indirect markers, among which interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin-6 (IL)-6 of the classic pathway and IL-4 of the alternative pathway have been studied widely. Recently, factor XIII-A (FXIII-A) was reported to be a good marker of alternative pathway activation.

The subgingival microbiome in health and periodontitis and its relationship with community biomass and inflammation.

The goals of this study were to better understand the ecology of oral subgingival communities in health and periodontitis and elucidate the relationship between inflammation and the subgingival microbiome. Accordingly, we used 454-pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene libraries and quantitative PCR to characterize the subgingival microbiome of 22 subjects with chronic periodontitis. Each subject was sampled at two sites with similar periodontal destruction but differing in the presence of bleeding, a clinical indicator of increased inflammation.

Disparities in aspects of oral-health-related quality of life among Chilean adults.

Objective: Socioeconomic disparities in oral health among adults have been observed in many countries, but it is not clear whether they exist in aspects of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Chile.

Methods: Data were analyzed from the 1st National Health Survey (NHIS) of Chilean adults, conducted in 2003. It included questions on aspects of oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), including problems ('always' or 'almost always') with speaking, eating, pain, or daily activities.