Concomitant Factors Associated With Tillaux-Chaput Fractures in Adults: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Tillaux-Chaput fractures (TCFs) consist of fractures of the anterolateral distal tibia. They rarely occur in isolation in adults. When TCFs are missed, there is a risk of chronic pain, instability, and ankle osteoarthritis.

A Novel Simulation Model and Training Program for Minimally Invasive Surgery of Hallux Valgus.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for hallux valgus (HV) has gained popularity. However, adopting this technique faces the challenges of a pronounced learning curve. This study aimed to address these challenges by developing and validating an innovative simulation model and training program, targeting enhanced proficiency in HV MIS.

Safety and exposure area in three different posteromedial surgical approaches for the treatment of ankle fractures. A cadaveric study.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the degree of posterior malleolar exposure, the tension of the flap containing the posteromedial neurovascular bundle (NVB), and the distance between the surgical incision and the NVB using three different posteromedial ankle approaches.

Methods: Three approaches were compared: medial posteromedial (MePM) modified posteromedial (MoPM) and posteromedial (PM). We measured the minimal tension of the flap containing the NVB that allowed proper exposure.

Role of Lateral Ankle Ligaments in Vertical Stability of the Fibula: A Cadaveric Model.

Background: In unstable ankle fractures, the role of the deltoid and syndesmosis ligaments has been widely studied. However, it is uncertain what the importance of the lateral ankle ligament complex (LALC) is in the vertical stability of the fibula. Given its anatomical position, it should prevent the proximal translation of the fibula.

Posterior Malleolar Fracture Assessment: An Independent Interobserver and Intraobserver Validation of Three Computed Tomography-Based Classifications.

Background: Posterior malleolus fractures occur in up to 50% of all ankle fractures. Several classification systems exist for their characterization, especially under CT. However, those classifications do not report the level of agreement or do it incompletely.

The use of intraoperative comparative fluoroscopy allows for assessing sagittal reduction and predicting syndesmosis reduction in ankle fractures.

Unlabelled: Intraoperative fluoroscopic parameters have shown to be poor predictors for ankle syndesmosis reduction, with up to 52% of syndesmotic malreduction (SMR) reported in the literature. Anteroposterior Tibio-Fibular index (APTF) was previously described to evaluate sagittal tibiofibular alignment in lateral ankle radiographs with a high correlation between both ankles in uninjured subjects. Reproducible intraoperative measurements for sagittal syndesmotic reduction are lacking.

[An update on the work-up and management of ankle fractures: A literature review].

Our understanding of the management of ankle fractures has significantly improved in recent years. Computerized axial tomography and better biomechanical insights have renewed the underlying concepts for both diagnosis and treatment. Notwithstanding, some aspects of the management of malleolar fractures still lack consensus.

How to Identify Unstable Lisfranc Injuries? Review of Diagnostic Strategies and Algorithm Proposal.

"Misdiagnosed Lisfranc injuries can be as high as 50%, leading to chronic pain, functional impairment, and posttraumatic arthritis. Subtle or incomplete lesions are the most problematic group for an adequate diagnosis. Conventional non-weight-bearing radiographs can overlook up to 30% of unstable cases.

Acute Deltoid Ligament Repair in Ankle Fractures.

There is no consensus on whether the deltoid ligament must be repaired in ankle fractures. Recent studies have shown better early radiologic results when the deltoid ligament is repaired, but no differences in long term functional outcomes. However, there is evidence suggesting that patients with high fibular fractures or injuries with concomitant syndesmotic instability may benefit from repair.

Complications after Metatarsal Osteotomies for Hallux Valgus: Malunion, Nonunion, Avascular Necrosis, and Metatarsophalangeal Osteoarthritis.

Avascular necrosis (AVN), nonunion, malunion, and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) osteoarthritis following hallux valgus osteotomies, as well as pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention strategies, and treatment are discussed in this article. AVN and nonunion are very infrequent, and they can be effectively prevented taking into consideration local anatomy preservation, biomechanics, and patient comorbidities. Shortening, elevation, plantarflexion, varus/valgus, and rotational of the first metatarsal are the most common types of malunion.

A New Classification System for Pilon Fractures Based on CT Scan: An Independent Interobserver and Intraobserver Agreement Evaluation.

Background Data: A new pilon fracture classification system based on CT scan data was recently published, showing almost perfect interobserver and intraobserver agreement among the authors who developed it. However, an independent assessment has not been done.

Objective: To do an independent agreement evaluation of the new pilon fracture classification system with physicians with different levels of expertise in the management of pilon fractures.

[Arthroscopic treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the ankle: a clinical case report and review].

Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign tumor of synovial tissue with a very low incidence. Ankle location is even less frequent. Early diagnosis and management are required to avoid irreversible functional and mechanical sequelae.

Intra-articular opening medial tibial wedge osteotomy (plafond-plasty) for the treatment of intra-articular varus ankle arthritis and instability.

Background: Although supramalleolar osteotomy with an opening medial wedge or a closing lateral wedge have been described for varus ankle deformity, these may be associated with failure due to persistence of the medial intra-articular defect, resulting in recurrent varus deformity. We report the results of a retrospective study assessing the outcome of an intra-articular opening wedge osteotomy of the distal medial tibia (plafond-plasty) for intra-articular varus ankle deformity associated with osteoarthritis and ankle instability.

Method: The results of 19 plafond-plasties in 19 patients for correction of intra-articular varus osteoarthritis of the ankle associated with ankle instability were reviewed.

Midfoot arthrodesis following multi-joint stabilization with a novel hybrid plating system.

Background: Several methods for fixation have been described for midfoot arthrodesis. Multi-joint arthrodesis at this level can be challenging because of bone loss and deformity, making it difficult to obtain a stable construct. We present the results of a novel hybrid plating system that incorporates locked and non-locked compression screws for multi-joint arthrodesis of the midfoot.

Safety and efficacy of an E2 glycoprotein subunit vaccine produced in mammalian cells to prevent experimental infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle.

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) infection caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a Pestivirus of the Flaviviridae family, is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and economical losses in cattle worldwide. E2 protein is the major glycoprotein of BVDV envelope and the main target for neutralising antibodies (NAbs). Different studies on protection against BVDV infection have focused on E2, supporting its putative use in subunit vaccines.

Bone block lengthening of the proximal interphalangeal joint for managing the floppy toe deformity.

The short floppy toe, an iatrogenic condition in which the digit lacks structural stability, results from excessive resection of the distal aspect of the proximal phalanx during correction of claw or hammer toe deformity. The involved toe is much shorter than the adjacent digit, which it will often overlap. Little attention has been given to the cause and treatment of the floppy toe deformity in the literature.

Interphalangeal joint lengthening arthrodesis for the treatment of the flail toe.

Background: Flail toe is a bothersome complication following PIP resection arthroplasty, usually as a result of excessive bone resection. Patients complain of toe instability and catching on socks or shoes. We describe a PIP joint lengthening arthrodesis using structural bone graft for treatment of this condition.

Development and statistical validation of a guinea pig model for vaccine potency testing against Infectious Bovine Rhinothracheitis (IBR) virus.

Infectious Bovine Rhinothracheitis (IBR) caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) infection is distributed worldwide. BoHV-1 either alone or in association with other respiratory cattle pathogens causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. The aim of this work was to validate a guinea pig model as an alternative method to the current BoHV-1 vaccine potency testing in calves.

[Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis: report of one case].

Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis is an inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by a mutation in the gene for the sterol 27-hydroxylase enzyme, which determines the accumulation of plasmatic cholestanol in various tissues. The natural history of this disease is characterized by chronic diarrhea beginning in childhood, cataract in youth, tendinous xanthomas in adulthood and later progressive neurological dysfunction manifested as dementia, psychiatric disorders, cerebellar, pyramidal or extra pyramidal signs or seizures. We report a 39 year-old male with a history of diarrhea during childhood and bilateral cataracts requiring surgery at 20 years of age, who evolves later with psychiatric disorders and bilateral increased volume in Achules tendons.

[Actinomadura madurae mycetoma of the foot. Report of one case].

Mycetoma is a chronic infection that affects skin, subcutaneous tissue and bone. Its etiology can be mycotic or bacterial. It affects mainly the lower extremities of middle age men living in tropical climates.

Simple solution for failure of trailing sutures when using the EndoButton in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the "Rescue Rein".

In this article, we introduce the technique of adding a second suture in the distal hole of the EndoButton. This suture, the "Rescue Rein," is kept with the graft and is a simple solution for recovering the graft during anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when the EndoButton becomes jammed within the femoral tunnel and the trailing sutures cannot be removed.