Personality Traits and Drug Use: A Longitudinal Study Using Data from the British Cohort Study.

Introduction: Drug use is a significant health, economic and social concern globally. Research indicates that personality traits are crucial in explaining drug use. This paper contributes to the expanding literature by exploring how personality traits at age 10 affect the likelihood of having used any drug at age 30.

A Feasible Estimation of a "Corrected" EQ-5D Social Tariff.

Objectives: To demonstrate the feasibility of estimating a social tariff free of utility curvature and probability weighting biases and to test transferability between riskless and risky contexts.

Methods: Valuations for a selection of EQ-5D-3L health states were collected from a large and representative sample (N = 1676) of the Spanish general population through computer-assisted personal interviewing. Two elicitation methods were used: the traditional time trade-off (TTO) and a novel risky-TTO procedure.

Predicting healthcare expenditure based on Adjusted Morbidity Groups to implement a needs-based capitation financing system.

Background: Due to population aging, healthcare expenditure is projected to increase substantially in developed countries like Spain. However, prior research indicates that health status, not merely age, is a key driver of healthcare costs. This study analyzed data from over 1.

Design of a multiple criteria decision analysis framework for prioritizing high-impact health technologies in a regional health service.

Objectives: This study aims to develop a framework for establishing priorities in the regional health service of Murcia, Spain, to facilitate the creation of a comprehensive multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework. This framework will aid in decision-making processes related to the assessment, reimbursement, and utilization of high-impact health technologies.

Method: Based on the results of a review of existing frameworks for MCDA of health technologies, a set of criteria was proposed to be used in the context of evaluating high-impact health technologies.

A Spanish value set for the SF-6D based on the SF-12 v1.

Aim: This paper reports the first estimation of an SF-6D value set based on the SF-12 for Spain.

Methods: A representative sample (n = 1020) of the Spanish general population valued a selection of 56 hypothetical SF-6D health states by means of a probability lottery equivalent (PLE) method. The value set was derived using both random effects and mean models estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS).

Testing Nonmonotonicity in Health Preferences.

Objective: The main aim of this article is to test monotonicity in life duration. Previous findings suggest that, for poor health states, longer durations are preferred to shorter durations up to some threshold or maximum endurable time (MET), and shorter durations are preferred to longer ones after that threshold.

Methods: Monotonicity in duration is tested through 2 ordinal tasks: choices and rankings.

[Impact of the Dependency Act on regional spending on social services].

Objective: In this paper we address whether the System for Personal Autonomy and Care of Dependent Persons contributes to increasing the volume of resources of the public social services system (displacement effect) or, on the contrary, whether this development has taken place at the expense of other social services (substitution effect).

Method: Panel data analysis is used to explain how per capita expenditure on social services evolves in the Spanish Regions under the common regime in the period 2002-2016.

Results: The implementation of the Dependency Act is associated with a 14% increase in the level of per capita expenditure on social services.

[How it should be enabled network cooperation on healthcare services. Towards an HispaNICE?].

Although the Spanish Network of Health Technology Assessment was founded in 2012, it is true that its actual influence on the rationalization of the National Health System's healthcare basket is scarce. The main argument of this article is that the Spanish Network of HTA should work "as if" it was an HispaNICE. That is to say, transferring the NICE's advantages to Spanish context.

[Monetary value of the human costs of road traffic injuries in Spain].

Cost-benefit analyses in the field of road safety compute human costs as a key component of total costs. The present article presents two studies promoted by the Directorate-General for Traffic aimed at obtaining official values for the costs associated with fatal and non-fatal traffic injuries in Spain. We combined the contingent valuation approach and the (modified) standard gamble technique in two surveys administered to large representative samples (n1=2,020, n2=2,000) of the Spanish population.

Lowering the 'floor' of the SF-6D scoring algorithm using a lottery equivalent method.

This paper presents a new scoring algorithm for the SF-6D, one of the most popular preference-based health status measures. Previous SF-6D value sets have a minimum (a floor), which is substantially higher than the lowest value generated by the EQ-5D model. Our algorithm expands the range of SF-6D utility scores in such a way that the floor is significantly lowered.

[Quality assessment of economic evaluations in health care: a checklist and user guide].

The aim of this paper is to promote the efficiency in the process of incorporating new health technologies, as well as to guide their implementation by physicians. An iterative method has been used to draw a checklist based on parsimony and measurability criteria. Authors made a first version of the checklist on the basis of theoretical literature and economic evaluation guidelines.

Cost accounting and public reimbursement schemes in Spanish hospitals.

The objective of this paper is to provide a description and analysis of the main costing and pricing (reimbursement) systems employed by hospitals in the Spanish National Health System (NHS). Hospitals cost calculations are mostly based on a full costing approach as opposite to other systems like direct costing or activity based costing. Regional and hospital differences arise on the method used to allocate indirect costs to cost centres and also on the approach used to measure resource consumption.