Parasitosis by and Variations in Gut Microbiota in School-Aged Children from Peru.

(1) Background: Human fascioliasis is considered an endemic and hyper-endemic disease in the Peruvian Andean valleys. Our objective was to determine variations in the composition of the gut microbiota among children with and children who do not have this parasitosis. (2) Method: A secondary analysis was performed using fecal samples stored in our biobank.

[Estimate of undiagnosed HIV cases in the Cajamarca region of Peru: probabilistic linkage between databases].

Undiagnosed HIV cases contribute to the increase in new infections, therefore estimating this figure is important in order to assess strategies in HIV control programs. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of undiagnosed HIV cases in the Cajamarca region in Peru between 2015 and 2021. HIV cases were obtained from three sources of information: The Regional Health Strategy for HIV Prevention and Control (ESPC-HIV); the HIV epidemiological notification application (Noti-HIV), and the laboratory information system (Netlab).

[Correlation between real-time PCR cycle threshold and clinical classification of COVID-19].

Background: The cycle threshold (Ct) of real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) indicates the relative concentration of an RNA sequence, this value has been related to clinical profile in viral infections.

Aim: To determine the correlation between the Ct value and the clinical classification of COVID-19.

Method: A correlational cross-sectional study was carried out, the Ct values were obtained by RT-qPCR directed to the N gene of SARS-CoV-2, grouping them by means of a central robust estimator and related to the clinical classification of COVID-19.

Clinical characteristics and molecular detection of in hospitalized children with a clinical diagnosis of whooping cough in Peru.

Background And Objectives: Pertussis is an infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium In Peru, actual public health programs indicate that vaccination against must be mandatory and generalized, besides all detected cases must be reported. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of among children under five years of age with a presumptive diagnosis of whopping cough in Cajamarca, a region located in northern Peru.

Materials And Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study were children under 5 years old hospitalized as presumptive cases of pertussis during December 2017 to December 2018.

Gut microbiota in hospitalized children with acute infective gastroenteritis caused by virus or bacteria in a regional Peruvian hospital.

Background: Acute infective gastroenteritis (AIG) is a leading cause of mortality in children worldwide. In Peru, more than 40% of cases of AIG occurring in children under 5 years old. The disruption of the gut microbiota can increase risk for several health complications especially in patients with gastric infections caused by viruses or bacteria.

Unidentified dengue serotypes in DENV positive samples and detection of other pathogens responsible for an acute febrile illness outbreak 2016 in Cajamarca, Peru.

Objective: To describe the prevalence of dengue virus serotypes, as well as other viral and bacterial pathogens that cause acute febrile illness during an outbreak in Cajamarca in 2016.

Results: Dengue virus (DENV) was the most frequent etiologic agent detected in 25.8% of samples (32/124), followed by Rickettsia spp.

An emerging public health threat: Mayaro virus increases its distribution in Peru.

Background: The infection caused by Mayaro virus (MAYV), which presents as an acute febrile illness, is considered a neglected tropical disease. The virus is an endemic and emerging pathogen in South America and the Caribbean, responsible for occasional and poorly characterized outbreaks. Currently there is limited information about its expansion and risk areas.

Highly clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic children from a rural community of Cajamarca-Peru.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori in asymptomatic children in a rural community of Cajamarca (northern Peru).

Results: Helicobacter pylori was detected in 17.2% (49/285) of the samples.

Frequency and coinfection between genotypes of human papillomavirus in a population of asymptomatic women in northern Peru.

Objective: Describe the prevalence of HPV genotypes via PCR and DNA sequencing in 397 women who attended to the gynecological outpatient center in the Hospital Regional Docente de Cajamarca from March to September 2017.

Results: A positive PCR result for HPV was observed in 121 cervical samples. A high-risk genotype was found in 63.

Bordetella pertussis in children hospitalized with a respiratory infection: clinical characteristics and pathogen detection in household contacts.

Objective: Describe the prevalence of Bordetella pertussis via PCR in children under 5 years old hospitalized as probable cases of pertussis and report the most common clinical features among them.

Results: A positive PCR result for B. pertussis was observed in 20.

Etiology, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of acute diarrhea in hospitalized children in rural Peru.

Introduction: Diarrhea remains one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age especially in low-income countries. In Peru, epidemiological reports about enteropathogens related to acute diarrhea are scarce in rural areas. The aim of this study was to describe the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of the principal causes of acute infectious diarrhea in in a northern rural region of Peru.

Bordetella pertussis diagnosis in children under five years of age in the Regional Hospital of Cajamarca, Northern Peru.

Introduction: Bordetella pertussis is an important human pathogen that causes whooping cough (pertussis), an endemic illness responsible of significant morbidity and mortality, especially in infants and children. Worldwide, there are an estimated of 16 million cases of pertussis, resulting in about 195,000 child deaths per year. In Peru, pertussis is a major health problem that has been on the increase despite immunization efforts.

Diarrhoea caused by rotavirus in a regional Peruvian hospital: determination of circulating genotypes.

Background: Gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus is responsible for approximately 810 deaths per year in children under 5 years of age in Peru and emerging rotavirus genotypes have led to concerns regarding cross-protection by the vaccines available. Moreover, there are no reports on the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus diarrhoea in Peru.

Methods: A total of 131 stool samples were obtained from children under 5 years hospitalised from January 2010 to December 2012 in the Hospital Regional de Cajamarca (Peru).

Diagnosis of Carrion's disease by direct blood PCR in thin blood smear negative samples.

Bartonella bacilliformis is the etiologic agent of Carrion's disease. This disease has two well established phases, the most relevant being the so called Oroya Fever, in which B. bacilliformis infect the erythrocytes resulting in severe anemia and transient immunosuppression, with a high lethality in the absence of adequate antibiotic treatment.