Endoscope-Assisted Sutureless Intrascleral Haptic Fixation of a Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens.

Purpose: In eyes with compromised capsule support, sutureless scleral fixation is a popular method of placing a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL). We describe an endoscope-assisted sutureless technique for intrascleral fixation of a 3-piece PCIOL.

Methods: Eyes of patients who had endoscope-assisted scleral-fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL) implantation were examined retrospectively.

Optical Analysis of Blast Furnace Gas Combustion in a Laboratory Premixed Burner.

The use of blast furnace gas (BFG) as a fuel provides an alternative for waste stream valorization in the steel industry, enhancing the sustainability and decarbonization of its processes. Nevertheless, the implementation of this solution on an industrial scale requires a continuous control of the combustion due to the low calorific value of BFG. This work analyzes the combustion behavior and monitoring of BFG/CH blends in a laboratory premixed fuel burner.

POSTERIOR VITREOUS DETACHMENT STATUS AS A PREDICTIVE FACTOR FOR OUTCOMES OF VITRECTOMY FOR DIABETIC VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic utility of the degree of vitreous attachment for predicting outcomes of vitrectomy for nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent primary vitrectomy for dense nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy were examined retrospectively. Eyes were divided into four groups based on the intraoperatively assessed stage of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), ranging from Stage 0/1 (complete or near-complete vitreoretinal adhesion) to Stage 4 (complete PVD).

Nocturnal normobaric hyperoxia treatment in a case of chronic diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To study the long-term anatomic and physiologic effects of nocturnal normobaric hyperoxia (NNBH) in a patient with treatment-resistant diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods: A 64-year-old diabetic man with bilateral DME requiring regular anti-VEGF treatments in both eyes was started on 5 LPM (40% FiO2) NNBH treatment 6-h per night. Visual acuity, OCT measurements of retinal thickness and volume, as well as the number of injections given in each eye were retrospectively examined one year prior and prospectively after initiation of NNBH, as well as before and after a planned 1-month discontinuation of NNBH.

Intravitreal Methotrexate for Recalcitrant Epiretinal Membrane Reproliferation.

This article reports a case of a 65-year-old woman with recalcitrant recurrent epiretinal membrane (ERM) treated with revision vitrectomy and membrane peeling followed by 12 weekly intravitreal methotrexate injections. Visual acuity and central macular thickness significantly improved, and no ERM recurrence developed 7 months after surgery. This case represents the first documented use of methotrexate to treat surgically resistant ERM reproliferation and indicates a potential for its use in cases that do not respond to standard treatment.

Relative Retinal Blood Flow: A Novel and Informative Measure of Unilateral Retinal Vein Occlusion Severity.

Purpose: This study quantifies retinal vascular blood flow affected by unilateral central or branch retinal vein occlusion (CRVO or BRVO). We created a new, unitless metric for the severity of these diseases-relative blood flow (RBF)-and contextualized it with subject demographics, ocular presentation, and systemic conditions. Finally, we explored its efficacy as a predictor of future outcomes.

Anterior versus posterior endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation: comparison of indications, populations, and outcomes.

Purpose: To examine how indications, patient characteristics, and outcomes differ between anterior and posterior approaches of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) in the treatment of glaucoma.

Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 9 anterior and 20 posterior ECP cases (n = 29).

Results: Posterior ECP cases were typically associated with a dramatic increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas the anterior ECP was associated with chronically elevated pressures.

Rapid reduction of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion with low-dose normobaric hyperoxia.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of a relatively inexpensive, non-invasive, short-term treatment with low-dose normobaric hyperoxia (NBH) on macular edema in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Participants with macular edema associated with RVO were treated with 5 LPM of NBH via facemask (40% fraction of inspired oxygen, FIO2) for 3 h. Patients with non-fovea involving edema who elected to be observed returned for a second treatment 1 month later to test reproducibility.

COMBINED PNEUMATIC AND ENZYMATIC VITREOLYSIS FOR SEVERE CASES OF VITREOMACULAR TRACTION.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of combined pneumatic and enzymatic vitreolysis for treatment of severe cases of vitreomacular traction (VMT).

Methods: We analyzed a retrospective, consecutive series of five patients diagnosed with severe VMT refractory to pneumatic vitreolysis who then received an additional ocriplasmin injection while their gas bubble from pneumatic vitreolysis was still present between February 2015 and February 2019. Vitreomacular traction release was confirmed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Recalcitrant Macular Hole Closure by Autologous Retinal Transplant Using the Peripheral Retina.

Purpose: The peripheral adult human retina has been found to contain neuroepithelial stem cells. In this study, we examined the efficacy of an auto-transplant of peripheral retina into refractory macular holes (MH) from both anatomic and physiologic perspectives.

Methods: The population consisted of four female patients aged 72, 82, 65 and 84 years (cases 1-4, respectively) with persistent refractory MH status; internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling (case 1), ILM transplant (case 2), and inverted ILM (cases 3 and 4 with myopic MH).

Tracheal sounds for the scoring of sleep respiratory events in children.

Study Objectives: Oronasal thermistor and nasal cannula are recommended for the scoring of respiratory events (RE) but these sensors are poorly tolerated in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate tracheal sounds (TS) and suprasternal pressure (SSP) for the scoring of RE during sleep in children.

Methods: We compared the detection and characterization of RE by AASM-recommended sensors ("AASM" scoring), with the detection and characterization of RE by the combination of TS and SSP with respiratory inductance plethysmography-sum (TS-RIP scoring), and TS and SSP only (TS scoring).

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Topic: A meta-analysis comparing mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists (eplerenone or spironolactone) versus observation or placebo in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) based on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and subretinal fluid (SRF) level data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Clinical Relevance: Central serous chorioretinopathy patients may demonstrate decreased visual acuity, reduced contrast sensitivity, scotomas, and metamorphopsia. Although multiple treatment options for CSCR have been proposed, compelling evidence for any particular method is still lacking.

Polysomnographic findings in Rett syndrome.

Introduction: Rett syndrome (RS) is a severe neurodevelopment disorder associated with abnormal breathing during wakefulness and disturbed nocturnal behaviour. Breathing abnormalities during daytime have been extensively reported but polysomnographic (PSG) findings have been poorly studied.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with RS carrying distinct mutations in MECP2 gene, who underwent a PSG between October 2014 and January 2018, were included in the study.

Parent-child co-sleeping in children with co-morbid conditions and sleep-disordered breathing.

Purpose: Co-sleeping is common in children with co-morbid conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and determinants of parent-child co-sleeping in children with co-morbid conditions and sleep-disordered breathing and the impact on parental sleep.

Methods: Parents of consecutive children undergoing a sleep study filled in a questionnaire on co-sleeping.

Outcomes of abdominal surgeries in cirrhotic patients performed by liver transplant surgeons: Are these safe?

Background: Elective abdominal surgeries in patients with cirrhosis have been discouraged due to the high risk of complications. This study investigates the outcomes and safety of surgeries for hernias, and laparoscopic cholecystectomies in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study that compared 91 cirrhotic patients to a control group of non-cirrhotic patients operated by liver transplant surgeons was conducted between 2009 and 2015.

SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS AND VISUAL OUTCOME AFTER TREATMENT FOR VITREOMACULAR TRACTION.

Purpose: To evaluate the capacity of spectral domain optical coherence tomography macular findings to predict best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes after treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular traction.

Methods: This consecutive, retrospective study included 24 patients (29 eyes) who experienced vitreomacular traction release with pneumatic vitreolysis (n = 9), intravitreal ocriplasmin (n = 6), or pars plana vitrectomy (n = 14). Preoperative and postoperative spectral domain optical coherence tomography images were used to determine the cone outer segment tips (COST) line, inner segment/outer segment line, and other frequently used features.

Diaphragmatic dysfunction in SEPN1-related myopathy.

SEPN1-related myopathy (SEPN1-RM) is characterized by predominant axial muscle weakness, early scoliosis, rigid spine and severe respiratory insufficiency. The aim of the study was to characterize the mechanisms of respiratory dysfunction in SEPN1-RM patients. Breathing pattern and respiratory muscle strength were measured by means of esophageal (Pes) and gastric (Pgas) pressures.

Obstructive sleep apnea in Down syndrome: Benefits of surgery and noninvasive respiratory support.

Children with Down syndrome are at increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of the study was to describe the management of OSA in a large cohort of children with Down syndrome. A retrospective analysis of sleep studies and consequent management was performed for all consecutive Down syndrome patients evaluated between September 2013 and April 2016.

[Chemoprotective effect of the alkaloid extract of Melocactus bellavistensis against colon cancer induced in rats using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine].

Objectives: To determine the toxicity and chemoprotective effect of the alkaloid extract of Melocactus bellavistensis against colon cancer induced in rats using 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Materials And Methods: The alkaloid extract was obtained from the fleshy part of M. bellavistensis, and an acute toxicity test was then carried out on 30 mice of the Balb C57 strain.

BILATERAL CENTRAL RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSIONS IN A YOUNG PATIENT WITH A HISTORY OF EOSINOPHILIC PNEUMONIA AND THALAMIC STROKE.

Purpose: To describe a case of a central retinal vein occlusion in a young patient with a history of eosinophilic pneumonia.

Methods: A retrospective case report of a 45-year-old woman with acute painless vision loss for 9 days after multiple episodes of eosinophilic pneumonia and thalamic stroke. Fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and clinical examination were performed.

Sleep and diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the association between sleep duration and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study using a nation-wide, systemically stratified, multistage, clustered sampling method included a total of 1670 subjects aged ≥40 years with diabetes who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2008-2012. All participants performed standardized interviews, including self-reported sleep duration, and comprehensive ophthalmic examinations.