Advances in microincision cataract surgery intraocular lenses.

Purpose Of Review: This paper reviews the recent developments in microincision cataract surgery intraocular lenses.

Recent Findings: Seven intraocular lenses are currently available for implantation through sub-2.0-mm incision.

Wavefront-guided versus standard LASIK enhancement for residual refractive errors.

Objective: To assess efficacy, safety, predictability, stability, and changes in higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and contrast sensitivity (CS) after wavefront-guided and standard LASIK enhancement for the correction of residual refractive errors.

Design: Prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study.

Participants: Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients (spherical equivalent [SE], -2.

Severe corneal epithelial sloughing during laser in situ keratomileusis as a presenting sign for silent epithelial basement membrane dystrophy.

Purpose: To report the occurrence of large intraoperative epithelial sloughing during laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) as a first diagnostic sign for silent epithelial basement membrane dystrophy (EBMD).

Setting: Refractive Surgery and Cornea Unit, Alicante Institute of Ophthalmology, Alicante, Spain.

Methods: In this retrospective case series, the medical records of all patients with large corneal epithelial sloughing/defects during LASIK from January 1995 to December 2004 were reviewed.

Conductive keratoplasty for the correction of residual hyperopia after LASIK.

Purpose: To report the 6-month results concerning efficacy, safety, predictability, and stability of conductive keratoplasty for the correction of residual hyperopia after corneal refractive surgery.

Methods: A total of 35 eyes (26 patients) with residual hyperopia after corneal refractive surgery ranging between +1.00 to +4.

Postblink changes in the ocular modulation transfer function measured by a double-pass method.

Purpose: To examine the temporal changes in the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the eye after a blink.

Methods: The distance MTF of a 5-mm pupil was derived from double-pass retinal images in 20 healthy young subjects at various intervals after a blink (1 second up to 15 seconds). Such measurements include the effects of wavefront aberration, scattered light, and errors in focus and are thus more relevant to real life than are estimates of MTF based on wavefront errors alone.

Preparation, indications and results of human amniotic membrane transplantation for ocular surface disorders.

In comparison with other biologic tissues used as reconstructive grafts, the amniotic membrane has the advantage that it is thinner and better tolerated by the patient. Amniotic membrane, when appropriately preserved, can be used as a substrate replacement, such that host cells can migrate into the membrane to form new and healthy tissue. The amniotic membrane is the deeper layer of the fetal membrane; it is avascular, multilayered tissue with antiangiogenic, antiscarring and anti-inflammatory properties.

Feasibility and development of a high-power real accommodating intraocular lens.

Purpose: To develop an accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) that changes power with ciliary body action and generates a minimum of 8.0 diopters (D) by manipulation of a flexible material between a sulcus-fixated rigid plate and a ciliary muscle-operated capsular diaphragm.

Setting: Vissum-Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante and Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.

Endophthalmitis caused by Fusarium proliferatum.

Fusarium proliferatum caused endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Diagnosis was established by classical microbiology and molecular biology methods (PCR and DNA typing). The treatment with local amphotericin B, oral ketoconazole, and topical natamycin was successful.

Some factors governing the efficacy of positional pseudoaccommodative intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To examine the effects of ametropia (spherocylindrical), corneal curvature, target anterior chamber depth (ACD), misplacement, and some design features on the performance of positional pseudoaccommodative intraocular lenses (PPAIOLs).

Design: Theoretical investigation based on computer models to determine the practical limitations of PPAIOLs.

Methods: Using a suitable model eye featuring gradient index optics within the cornea, the PPAIOL curvatures were calculated for axial ametropia ranging from -10 diopters (D) to +10 D, where the IOL was located at an ACD of 4.

Outcomes of microincision cataract surgery versus coaxial phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with coaxial phacoemulsification.

Design: Prospective randomized consecutive case series.

Participants: One hundred eyes of 50 patients with nuclear or corticonuclear cataract (grades 2+ to 4) with Lens Opacities Classification System III.

Crystalline lens optical dysfunction through aging.

Purpose: To evaluate the optical and densitometric changes that take place in the crystalline lens with aging.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Seventy-two eyes of 72 patients of different ages (8-80 years) with a clear lens, a visual acuity of 20/25 or better, and no ocular disease.

LASIK in patients with rheumatic diseases: a pilot study.

Purpose: To investigate the safety of LASIK in patients with a known history of controlled rheumatic diseases.

Design: Retrospective consecutive observational clinical study.

Participants: Forty-two eyes (22 patients) known to have had a history of rheumatic diseases underwent LASIK.

Retinal image quality after microincision intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the modulation-transfer function (MTF) in eyes implanted with a conventional intraocular lens (IOL) and 2 IOLs designed for microincision cataract surgery (MICS).

Setting: Research, Development, and Innovation Department, Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.

Methods: This prospective nonrandomized consecutive series comprised 30 eyes implanted with 1 of the following IOLs: conventional acrylic foldable (AcrySof MA60BM, Alcon Laboratories) or the UltraChoice 1.

Visual outcome of microincision cataract surgery with implantation of an Acri. Smart lens.

Purpose: To evaluate visual and refractive outcome of microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with implantation of an Acri. Smart 48S intraocular lens (IOL) (Acri.Tech) through a sub-1.

Artisan toric phakic intraocular lens for correction of astigmatism.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of implanting Artisan toric phakic intraocular lenses (PIOLs) (Ophtec BV, Groningen, The Netherlands) in eyes with high degrees of compound myopic, hyperopic, and mixed astigmatism.

Methods: Twenty-five eyes (20 patients) presenting with high astigmatism were implanted with Artisan toric PIOLs and followed for 1 year. Group 1 included 8 eyes (myopic astigmatism), group 2 included 9 eyes (hyperopic astigmatism), and group 3 included 8 eyes (mixed astigmatism).

Hyaluronic acid combined with mannitol to improve protection against free-radical endothelial damage: experimental model.

Purpose: To evaluate the protective properties of combined sodium hyaluronate 2% and mannitol 0.5% (Visiol) on the corneal endothelium in the presence of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).

Setting: Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.

The economic and quality of life impact of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in a Spanish setting.

Introduction: Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) is a highly prevalent condition that exacts a range of costs from its sufferers. The aim of this study was to examine quality of life (QoL) and economic consequences of SAC amongst private health care patients in Spain.

Methods: 201 sufferers of SAC and 200 controls were recruited from four private eye clinics and one public hospital in five Spanish cities: Alicante, Madrid, Albacete, Las Palmas de Gran Canarias and Valladolid.

Presbyopia correction with an anterior chamber phakic multifocal intraocular lens.

Purpose: To investigate in a pilot study the potential of an anterior chamber phakic refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) prototype for the correction of near and far vision in those with myopic and hyperopic presbyopia.

Design: A multicenter, open-label, prospective, noncomparative pilot evaluation.

Participants: There were 17 patients (34 eyes), 16 women and 1 man, with a mean age of 52+/-3.

Intracorneal hydrogel lenses and corneal aberrations.

Purpose: To investigate the optical performance of the cornea based on corneal aberrometry following intracorneal hydrogel lens implantation.

Methods: A retrospective, nonconsecutive, observational study of the anterior corneal surface aberration profile of four hyperopic eyes previously implanted with an intracorneal hydrogel lens were studied by videokeratographic elevation maps before and 6 months after surgery.

Results: Intracorneal hydrogel lenses reduced the optical performance in all four eyes by increasing the spherical aberrations by a mean factor of 1.

One or 2 Intacs segments for the correction of keratoconus.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of implanting 1 or 2 intracorneal rings (Intacs, KeraVision) as a device to correct, stabilize, and/or improve the best corrected visual acuity in patients with clear cornea keratoconus oriented by the preoperative corneal topography pattern.

Setting: Vissum/Instituto Oftalmológico de Alicante, Miguel Hernandez University, Alicante, Spain.

Methods: In this prospective comparative consecutive study, Intacs segments were implanted in 26 keratoconic eyes with clear central corneas of 19 consecutive patients (9 women and 10 men).

Dynamic changes in the tear film in dry eyes.

Purpose: To examine the dynamics of the tear film in patients with dry eye by measuring the wavefront aberrations of the anterior surface of the film.

Methods: Anterior surface aberrations for a 7-mm pupil were determined in 13 patients with dry eye at 1-second time intervals, for 15 seconds after a blink. The aberrations were calculated from the elevations provided by corneal topography.

Severe anaphylactic reaction after intracameral antibiotic administration during cataract surgery.

We report a severe anaphylactic reaction that occurred about 5 minutes after 1.0 mg of cefuroxime was injected into the anterior chamber after routine phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The patient was known to be allergic to penicillin.

Modeling for radio-frequency conductive keratoplasty: implications for the maximum temperature reached in the cornea.

Conductive keratoplasty (CK) is a new surgical technique for steepening the contours of the cornea to reduce hyperopia. It has been emphasized that during CK, tissue resistance to radio-frequency electrical current flow generates a localized heat with temperatures between 65 and 75 degrees C; however, we hypothesize that the maximum temperature reached in the cornea may be higher. For this reason, we developed a finite-element model to estimate the temperature distributions in the cornea during CK.

Keratectasia after bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis in a patient with previous radial and astigmatic keratotomy.

We describe a case of bilateral keratectasia after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in a patient with previous radial keratotomy and astigmatic keratotomy. The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was 20/25 in both eyes. After uneventful LASIK was performed in both eyes for low myopic astigmatism, the patient presented with progressive myopia and astigmatism and a BSCVA of 20/50 in both eyes.