Hydroalcoholic Bark Extract: Chemical Characterisation and Cytotoxic, Mutagenic, and Preclinical Aspects Associated with a Protective Effect on Oxidative Stress.

Plants have long been used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses. Nevertheless, their chemical diversity requires studies to establish the extract dosage and its safe use. , an endemic species of the Brazilian Caatinga biome, is commonly used in folk medicine, due to its anti-inflammatory properties related to cellular oxidative stress; however, its biological properties have scarcely been studied.

Antioxidant and Lipid-Lowering Effects of Buriti Oil ( L.) Administered to Iron-Overloaded Rats.

The indiscriminate use of oral ferrous sulfate (FeSO) doses induces significant oxidative damage to health. However, carotene-rich foods such as buriti oil can help the endogenous antioxidant defense and still maintain other body functions. This study aimed to assess the effects of buriti oil intake in iron-overloaded rats by FeSO administration.

Radon at Kilbourne Hole Maar and Magnetic and Gravimetric Correlations.

Soil radon gas concentrations ranging from the detection limit up to 15 kBq/m were measured for the first time at the Kilbourne Hole maar in two selected regions: the first region was located on the western volcanic field, and the second was located inside the crater, near the southern border. Radioactive anomalies were found in association with the pyroclastic deposit, and the corresponding heat map provided information on the radon diffusion direction by the C gradient. It was observed for the first time that the anomalies found at the southern border are associated with a known geological fault, in opposition to what was found on the western border.

Mass Spectrometric Identification of Benth Leaf Extracts and Evaluation of Their Therapeutic Effects on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response.

Benth has been evaluated as an alternative drug to treat diseases associated with inflammatory processes. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous and hydroalcoholic leaf extracts of with inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides in in vitro and in vivo inflammation models. The phytochemical profile of the extracts, analyzed by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, revealed the presence of gallic and ellagic acids in both extracts, whereas isovitexin, ferulate, bulky amino acids (e.

Chemical Characterization of Flowers and Leaf Extracts Obtained from and Their Immunomodulatory Effect on LPS-Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

The anti-inflammatory properties of have been evaluated as an alternative drug approach to treating several inflammatory processes. Accordingly, in this study, aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of flowers and leaves were analyzed regarding their phytocomposition by ultrafast liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and their anti-inflammatory properties were assessed by an in vitro inflammation model, using LPS-stimulated RAW-264.7 macrophages.

leaf extract: Protective effect on oxidative stress, associated with cytotoxic, mutagenic and preclinical aspects.

Brazilian plant biodiversity is a rich alternative source of bioactive compounds since plant-derived extracts and/or their secondary metabolites exhibit potential properties to treat several diseases. In this context, Benth (Chrysobalanaceae Family), a large evergreen tree distributed in Brazilian semi-arid regions, deserves attention for its widespread use in popular medicine, although its biological properties are still poorly studied. The aim of this study was to examine (1) acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity at 2000 mg/kg dose; (2) cytotoxicity at 0.

Phenolic Composition, Toxicity Potential, and Antimicrobial Activity of Benth (Chrysobalanaceae) Leaf Extracts.

This study was conducted to evaluate the phenolic composition, toxicity, and antimicrobial activity of Benth, an underexploited wild species. leaf fractions (ethyl alcohol and ethyl acetate) were analyzed for their phenolic compound and flavonoid total, and high-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet spectra chromatographic profiles. Regarding the extract biological effects, toxicity was measured by acute oral toxicity in Wistar rats, MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method, and apoptosis indicators with DAPI in VERO cells, whereas well-agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays were applied to evaluate the antimicrobial ability.

Anti-leishmanial compounds from microbial metabolites: a promising source.

Leishmania is a complex disease caused by the protozoan parasites and transmitted by female phlebotomine sandfly. The disease affects some of the poorest people on earth with an estimated 700,000 to 1 million new cases annually. The current treatment for leishmaniasis is toxic, long, and limited, in view of the high resistance rate presented by the parasite, necessitating new perspectives for treatment.

Disease progression velocity as predictor of severity in Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Objective: To identify the velocity of disease progression as a predictor of severity in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS).

Materials And Methods: Prospective observational study of patients with confirmed diagnosis of GBS between May and August 2019 in four hospitals in Peru. The disease progression velocity (DPV) was defined as the time since the onset of neurological symptoms and the maximum peak of neurological severity.

Enhanced HCB removal using bacteria from mangrove as post-treatment after electrochemical oxidation using a laser-prepared Ti/RuO-IrO-TiO anode.

The environmental persistence of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a challenge that promotes studies for efficient treatment alternatives to minimize its environmental impact. Here, we evaluated the HCB removal by electrochemical, biological, and combined approaches. The electrochemical treatment of 4 μM HCB solutions was performed using a synthesized Ti/RuO-IrO-TiO anode, while the biological treatment using mangrove-isolated bacteria was at 24, 48, and 72 h.

Absence of long-range magnetic order in lithium-containing honeycombs in the Li-Cr-Sb(Te)-O phases.

Li((LiCr)(Te/Sb))Ocompounds where Cr atoms along with Li and Te or Sb are part of a honeycomb and are studied using magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and neutron diffraction. The oxides stoichiometries as determined from the neutron diffraction studies are LiCrTeOand LiCrSbOwith a stable oxidation state of +3 for Cr. Both the compounds crystallize in space group2/with intermixing of cations at the 4sites leaving the 2sites preferentially for Te or Sb.

Oxidative Coordination versus C -C(O)Me Bond Cleavage in Acetylacetonate Iridium Complexes.

Iridabicycles [Ir{κ -N,C,O-(pyC(H)=C(C(O)Me) }(Cl)(L-L)](L-L=cod (cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene), 1 a; bipy (bipy=2,2'-bipyridine), 1 b) have been obtained by oxidative coordination of 3-(pyridine-2-yl-methylene)pentane-2,4-dione L1, to the complexes [{Ir(μ-Cl)(cod)} ] and [{Ir(μ-Cl)(coe) } ] (coe=cis-cyclooctene), the latter in the presence of bipy. Remarkably, cleavage of the C -C(O)Me bond of L1 has instead been achieved in the reaction with [Ir(Cl)(dmb) ] (dmb=2,3-dimethylbutadiene), yielding a compound formulated as [Ir{κ -N,C-(pyC(H)C(C(O)Me))}(CO)(μ-Cl)(Me)] , 2. Treatment of dimer 2 with DMSO or PMe produced the complexes[Ir{κ -N,C-(pyC(H)C(C(O)Me)}(CO)Cl(Me)L] (L=DMSO, 3 a; PMe , 3 b).

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Active Food Packaging: Technological and Scientific Prospection.

Background: Antimicrobial and antioxidant packaging play an important role in the food industry by ensuring food quality and prolonging the product's shelf life. Therefore, this scientific survey covers the technological domain in the active food packaging development processes and types of packaging.

Methods: This paper aims to provide a review of patents and scientific publications on active packaging with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in order to show technological advances in this field of knowledge and its applicability in the food industry.

Thrombin Inhibition: Preliminary Assessment of the Anticoagulant Potential of (Passifloraceae).

Cardiovascular and thromboembolic disturbances are the main causes of disease-related deaths worldwide. Regardless of the etiological factors involved in thrombus formation, coagulation is mainly activated by thrombin, one of the most important blood clotting molecules. Thus, this study evaluated the leaf crude extract, its ethyl acetate fraction effect on the coagulation cascade, and its possible side effects.

Prospecting of soybean hulls as an inducer carbon source for the cellulase production.

Cellulases constitute an enzymatic complex involved in the cellulose hydrolysis β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages to release of glucose. Therefore, its application to degrade agro-industrial residues becomes relevant, since glucose is a product of industrial interest, aiming at its conversion into biocommodity production (e.g.

Genotoxicity of Turnera subulata and Spondias mombin × Spondias tuberosa Extracts from Brazilian Caatinga Biome.

Medicinal plants have been used in primary healthcare since the earliest days of humankind. Turnera subulata and Spondias mombin × Spondias tuberosa are widely used in the Brazilian Northeast to treat several diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of the leaf extracts of these species by the somatic mutation and recombination test in the somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster wings.

Effect of leaf extract on human acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines.

leaves are used in folk medicine due its therapeutic properties attributed to phenolic compounds. Therefore, this study was undertaken on its hydroethanolic leaf extract (HE) to evaluate cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction on acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells. Results indicated that HE interfered in the cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis by activation of casp3 at lower concentrations, thence, a promising candidate for the development of new cancer drugs.

Electrochemical and/or microbiological treatment of pyrolysis wastewater.

Electrochemical oxidation may be used as treatment to decompose partially or completely organic pollutants (wastewater) from industrial processes such as pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process used to obtain bio-oil from biomasses, generating a liquid waste rich in organic compounds including aldehydes and phenols, which can be submitted to biological and electrochemical treatments in order to minimize its environmental impact. Thus, electrochemical systems employing dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) have been proposed to enable biodegradation processes in subsurface environments.

Effect of L. and Extracts on Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria.

Background: The chemical composition of plants used in traditional medicine exhibits biologically active compounds, such as tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids and becomes a promising approach to treat microbial infections, mainly with drug-resistant bacteria.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of () and () as antimicrobial potential against clinical isolated and Methicillin-resistant .

Materials And Methods: Hydroethanolic leaf extracts were prepared and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection, Fourier transform infrared, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and ultraviolet-visible methods.

Spatial distributions of Anopheles species in relation to malaria incidence at 70 localities in the highly endemic Northwest and South Pacific coast regions of Colombia.

Background: A proper identification of malaria vectors is essential for any attempt to control this disease. Between 40 and 47 Anopheles species have been recorded in Colombia, and eight species complexes have been identified in the last decade. An update of Anopheles species distribution and its relationship with malaria is required, particularly for newly identified members of species complexes.

Treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to lupus erythematosus with recombinant activated factor VII administered with a jet nebulizer.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a serious pulmonary complication in patients with autoimmune diseases who are undergoing chemotherapy or have had hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The use of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) to treat the acute phase of DAH by endobronchial bronchoscopy has been shown to have a significant clinical impact on the survival and evolution of these patients. We report a clinical case of a patient with DAH secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who was treated with rFVIIa administered using a jet nebulizer, obtaining an adequate hemostatic effect with immediate control of DAH and a significant improvement in gas exchange.

Contrasting physiological responses of two populations of the razor clam Tagelus dombeii with different histories of exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP).

This study describes the physiological performance of two populations of the razor clam Tagelus dombeii from two geographic areas with different histories of exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) linked to the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Clams from Melinka-Aysén, which are frequently exposed to PSP, were not affected by the presence of toxins in the diet. However, clams from Corral-Valdivia, which have never been exposed to PSP, exhibited significantly reduced filtration activity and absorption, affecting the energy allocated to scope for growth (SFG).

Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Rourea induta Planch. (Connaraceae) against CCl4-induced liver injury in female rats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the flavonoid content of an ethanolic leaf extract from the medicinal plant Rourea induta Planch. (RIEE) and to investigate its hepatoprotective potential and in vivo antioxidant effects.

Methods: Using samples from carbon tetrachloride-treated Wistar female rats treated orally with or without RIEE, we evaluated the aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels in plasma; the levels of the hepatic oxidative stress markers catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione in liver homogenates; and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels.