Sodium Propionate To Control Clostridium botulinum Toxigenesis in a Shelf-Stable Beef Product Prepared by Using Combined Processes Including Irradiation.

The antibotulinal effect of sodium propionate was evaluated by a factorial-design experiment and by an inoculated-pack study on a shelf-stable beef product. Processing of samples involved curing, cooking, vacuum packing, and gamma irradiation. The factorial-design experiment involved 240 samples treated with 0, 0.

Effect of Low-Temperature Long-Time Thermal Processing of Beef-Cuts on the Survival of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus.

We determined the virucidal effectiveness against foot-and-mouth disease virus of the low-temperature long-time cooking of virus-contaminated muscle (ST). Of the 11 time and temperature combinations examined, over a range of 63°C to 75°C for extended periods, the respective processing conditions of 71°C for 10.66 h and 75°C for 5.

Low-Dose Gamma Irradiation and Refrigeration to Extend Shelf Life of Aerobically Packed Fresh Beef Round.

A 2-kGy gamma (low-dose) irradiation was applied to fresh top round from beef animals slaughtered and fabricated at commercial facilities. Cuts were packed in polyethylene film and stored at 1°C. Temperature abuse (9°C/24h) was simulated during storage.

Bacterial Count from Bovine Carcasses as an Indicator of Hygiene at Slaughtering Places: A Proposal for Sampling.

A sampling technique by which the whole carcass is rubbed with a polyurethane sponge was used to study bacterial status on 523 beef carcasses at six different slaughterhouses over four different years. Although some abattoirs were differentiated based upon the psychrotroph counts from their carcasses, effects on counts of visits and season of sample taking, as well as interaction year x abattoir found at the other plants were large enough to mask the abattoir effect. Mesophile counts were not consistent enough to discriminate abattoirs, while, Enterobacteria, total and fecal coliforms, and Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-positive organisms showed very low counts and did not set apart differences.