Free-Floating Pigmented Vitreous Cysts: Clinical-Histopathologic Correlation.

Free-floating, pigmented vitreous cysts were documented in two patients. In a 15-year-old girl with intermittent symptoms, a 2.4-mm cyst was observed; origin was attributed to prior trauma, and clinical observation was pursued.

Retinal Detachment Associated with Retinal Dialysis: Clinical Features and Outcomes of Surgery in a 10-Year Study.

Purpose: To report the surgical approaches and outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for retinal detachment associated with retinal dialysis.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive case series.

Subjects: All patients who underwent surgery for retinal detachment secondary to retinal dialysis between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2022.

Dynamic Infrared Imaging of Vitreous Floaters.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the use of dynamic infrared (IR) imaging as a tool for the objective evaluation of symptomatic vitreous floaters and to correlate it with the patient symptomatology.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Retrospective study that examined 66 eyes of 44 patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic vitreous opacities. Patients were imaged using the Heidelberg Spectralis dynamic infrared (IR) image in video mode to record the vitreous movements and shadow artifacts within 30 degrees of the center of the macula.

Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Retained Lens Fragments After Cataract Surgery: Outcomes Based on Timing of Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes and complications in patients with retained lens fragments (RLF) after cataract surgery, comparing those who received pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) on the same day, within 1 week, or later than 1 week after cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective case series of all patients who underwent PPV for RLF at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between January 1, 2012 and September 30, 2020. Individuals with less than 3 months of follow-up, chronic uveitis, congenital cataract, previtrectomy retinal detachment (RD), and severe trauma were excluded.

Surgical Outcomes of Acute Retinal Necrosis-Related Retinal Detachment in Polymerase Chain Reaction-Positive Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical features, operative techniques, and surgical outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for acute retinal necrosis (ARN)-related retinal detachment (RD).

Design: Retrospective, longitudinal, consecutive case series.

Participants: Patients with polymerase chain reaction-positive ARN presenting from 2011 to 2021 who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for ARN-related RD at our institution.

Refractive Outcomes of Four-Point Scleral Fixation of Akreos AO60 Intraocular Lens Using Gore-Tex Suture.

Background/objective: To determine the refractive outcomes after 4-point scleral fixation of the Akreos AO60 intraocular lens with Gore-Tex suture.

Methods: This was a single referral center, multi-surgeon, retrospective consecutive case series. A total of 63 eyes met the inclusion criteria for having received surgical implantation of the Akreos AO60 intraocular lens with Gore-Tex suture from August 2014 to December 2018.

Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy Alone versus Combined Scleral Buckling plus Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Primary Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: We compared the outcomes of primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) alone versus combined scleral buckling plus PPV (SB+PPV).

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Participants: Patients with primary RRD who underwent PPV or SB+PPV from June 1, 2014, through December 31, 2017.

Surgical Outcomes Of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment In Young Adults Ages 18-30 Years.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate associations with and surgical outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in young adults.

Methods: This is a retrospective consecutive case series of patients aged 18-30 years who underwent surgical repair for RRD between January 1, 2014 and December 1, 2016 at a university referral center.

Results: The current study includes 38 eyes with RRD.

Clinical outcomes of 4-point scleral fixated 1-piece hydrophobic acrylic equiconvex intraocular lens using polytetrafluoroethylene suture.

Purpose: To report the visual outcomes and complications of scleral fixated intraocular lenses (IOLs) using Gore-Tex suture.

Methods: The current study is a retrospective noncomparative case series including patients who underwent scleral fixation of IOL (Akreos AO60) using Gore-Tex suture from August 2015 to March 2017 at a university teaching center. Primary outcome measures were visual acuity and complications at last follow-up.

Diabetic Macular Edema: Current Understanding, Pharmacologic Treatment Options, and Developing Therapies.

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema comprise a major source of visual disability throughout the developed world. The etiology and pathogenesis of macular edema is intricate and multifactorial, in which the hyperglycemic state in diabetes induces a microangiopathy. Through several inflammatory and vasogenic mediators, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) upregulation and inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, pathologic changes are induced in the vascular endothelium triggering breakdown of the blood retinal barrier, causing extravasation of fluid into the extracellular space and manifesting clinically as macular edema, resulting in visual loss.

Visualization of the retina and vitreous during vitreoretinal surgery: new technologies.

Purpose Of Review: Visualization remains a critical factor in successful ocular surgery.Here we review new technology that has the potential to allow for safer and more efficient retinal surgery.

Recent Findings: Vitreoretinal surgery poses unique visualization challenges such as the need for specialized optical systems and the delicate and microscopic features of retinal structures.

Progression Rate From Intermediate to Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration Is Correlated With the Number of Risk Alleles at the CFH Locus.

Purpose: Progression rate of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) varies substantially, yet its association with genetic variation has not been widely examined.

Methods: We tested whether progression rate from intermediate AMD to geographic atrophy (GA) or choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was correlated with genotype at seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the four genes most strongly associated with risk of advanced AMD. Cox proportional hazards survival models examined the association between progression time and SNP genotype while adjusting for age and sex and accounting for variable follow-up time, right censored data, and repeated measures (left and right eyes).

Whole exome sequencing of extreme age-related macular degeneration phenotypes.

Purpose: Demographic, environmental, and genetic risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have been identified; however, a substantial portion of the variance in AMD disease risk and heritability remains unexplained. To identify AMD risk variants and generate hypotheses for future studies, we performed whole exome sequencing for 75 individuals whose phenotype was not well predicted by their genotype at known risk loci. We hypothesized that these phenotypically extreme individuals were more likely to carry rare risk or protective variants with large effect sizes.

Cataracts induced by neodymium-yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser lysis of vitreous floaters.

Background: Neodymium-yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser vitreolysis has been proposed as a treatment modality for symptomatic vitreous floaters. The purpose of this paper is to report two cases of cataracts associated with posterior capsular compromise, induced by Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters.

Method: Case series.

Rates of Reoperation and Retinal Detachment after Macular Hole Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate rates of reoperation and retinal detachment (RD) after macular hole surgery.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Participants: Patients in the insurance claim-based MarketScan databases from 2007 through 2013 with a record of macular hole surgery.

Current Infectious Endophthalmitis Rates After Intravitreal Injections of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents and Outcomes of Treatment.

Background And Objective: To assess the incidence and outcomes of infectious endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.

Patients And Methods: Patient records at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute (BPEI) from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2014, were reviewed. The largest commercial claims and encounters database in the U.

Incidence of postoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage after glaucoma filtration surgeries in the United States.

Purpose: To report the 3-month incidence rates of postoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage after glaucoma filtration surgeries and to examine the subsequent surgical treatments in these eyes.

Methods: This is a retrospective study using the nationally pooled, insurance claim-based MarketScan databases from the years 2007-2011. Patients with records of trabeculectomy and/or tube shunt procedures were identified, and all cases of "definite" (ie, properly coded) and "suspected" (possibly miscoded) postoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage occurring within 3 months of their glaucoma filtration procedures were captured along with the surgical interventions used for this condition.

Pseudocystic foveal cavitation in tamoxifen retinopathy.

Purpose: To present 3 cases of tamoxifen-induced foveal cavitation and review previous prospective and cross-sectional studies.

Design: Observational case series.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients presenting to a single institution with evidence of tamoxifen-induced maculopathy.

Differential flow rate of commercially available triamcinolone with and without preservative through small-gauge needles.

Objective: To compare the flow rate through different gauge needles of triamcinolone acetonide with benzyl alcohol (TABA) versus preservative-free triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension (TAIS).

Materials And Methods: Experimental injections of 1 mL of TABA or TAIS were performed through a 27-, 30-, or 32-gauge needle. A piezoelectric pressure transducer connected to a personal computer was placed between the syringe and needle to record the force-time relationship and assess the flow rate (mL/s).

Initial outcomes following intravitreal ocriplasmin for treatment of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion.

Background And Objective: When delivered via a single intravitreal injection, ocriplasmin can effect proteolytic resolution of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (VMA). The authors describe their initial clinical experience with ocriplasmin at a large academic center.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of all patients with symptomatic VMA treated with ocriplasmin from January 2013 through May 2013 at a single center.

The effect of air tamponade on the ingress of ocular surface pathogens in sutureless transconjunctival microincisional vitrectomy.

Purpose: To assess the effect of air versus fluid tamponade on the intraocular migration of india ink particles through nonsutured transconjunctival 23-gauge sclerotomies in living porcine eyes.

Methods: Both eyes (n = 20) underwent 3-port, transconjunctival, 23-gauge vitrectomy. An angled trocar insertion technique was used in all cases.

Intraoperative microscope-mounted spectral domain optical coherence tomography for evaluation of retinal anatomy during macular surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the use of microscope mounted spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to detect changes in retinal anatomy during macular surgery.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Participants: We included 25 eyes of 24 consecutive patients who underwent SD-OCT during macular surgery.

New viscodissection instrument for use with microincisional vitrectomy in the treatment of diabetic tractional retinal detachments.

Objective: To report on the results of the surgical management of diabetic tractional retinal detachments using 25-gauge vitrectomy and a newly developed viscodissection instrument.

Design: Single-surgeon, noncomparative, consecutive case series of 30 eyes with severe diabetic tractional retinal detachment in patients who underwent viscodissection-assisted 25-gauge vitrectomy using the viscodissection instrument.

Results: Median preoperative visual acuity was 20/400.