Salivary cortisol/DHEA ratio response to acute academic stress and its association with performance in middle-to-late adolescents.

Objectives: Neuroendocrine coupling across adolescent transition conditions a stage of heightened variability in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stress reactivity, likely impacting the adaptive physiological response to psychological stressors during adolescence. This study aimed to assess the salivary cortisol, DHEA, and cortisol/DHEA ratio variation in response to acute academic stress and its association with academic performance.

Methods: A longitudinal observational study with a combined event- and time-based protocol was conducted.

The socioeconomic gradient in overweight and obesity among Colombian adult and pediatric populations: A scoping review.

The imminent increase in overweight and obesity prevalence constitutes a pervasive concern for the adult and pediatric Colombian population. Nonetheless, the unequal distribution across distinct social groups limits the implementation of public health policies targeting these escalating rates. This study aimed to compile existing evidence regarding the prevalence of overweight and obesity in relation to the socioeconomic status (SES) of the Colombian population.

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones in MCI and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.

Unlabelled: Underlying the neuropsychological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation and subsequent hypercortisolemia have been proposed as major mechanisms driving AD progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to the onset of dementia. Nonetheless, changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of HPA axis hormones remain controversial despite their potential in AD diagnosis and prognosis testing.

Objective: This study aimed to review the evidence of the variation in CSF levels of CRH, ACTH, and cortisol in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD compared with subjects without cognitive disorders.

Preservation of Fertility in Transgender Men on Long-Term Testosterone Therapy: A Systematic Review of Oocyte Retrieval Outcomes During and After Exogenous Androgen Exposure.

Testosterone therapy prompts the development of male secondary sexual characteristics coupled with numerous physiological changes; however, the effect of prolonged androgen exposure on transgender men's fertility remains to be fully elucidated. Multiple clinical consensuses advise assisted reproduction before hormone treatment and state that fertility preservation following androgen therapy entails the suspension of testosterone administration. Although the desire for reproduction among transgender men is prevalent, the discontinuation of gender-affirming hormone therapy poses a major challenge due to the anxiety, unease, and gender dysphoria that follow androgen withdrawal.

Maternal Serum Activin A, Inhibin A and Follistatin-Related Proteins across Preeclampsia: Insights into Their Role in Pathogenesis and Prediction.

Background: Within the endocrine-paracrine signalling network at the maternal-foetal interface, the activin-inhibin-follistatin system modulates extravillous trophoblast invasion, suggesting a potential role in preeclampsia pathogenesis. This study aimed to compile the evidence published in the last decade regarding the variation in maternal serum activins, inhibin- and follistatin-related proteins in preeclamptic pregnancies compared to healthy pregnancies, and to discuss their role in predicting and understanding the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

Material And Methods: A scoping review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases to identify studies published within the last ten years (2012-2022).

Metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer: worst prognosis in patients with metachronous metastases.

Purpose: To describe the overall survival and progression-free survival in patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma with synchronous and metachronous metastatic involvement.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 101 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) who had metastatic involvement at diagnosis or during follow-up, who were treated at the National Cancer Institute between January 1, 2010 and December 31 of 2015.

Results: 81 patients (80.

Early menarche in visually impaired girls: evidence and hypothesis of light-dark cycle disruption and blindness effect on puberty onset.

Puberty onset is tightly regulated by a broad spectrum of neuroendocrine signals and peripheral stimuli which coordinate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis activation. Numerous studies suggest that light stimulation influences HPG axis function; however, the effect of blindness on puberty timing remains controversial. Given that menarche is a suitable marker for sexual development initiation, the evaluation of the age at which blind girls attain it allows to indirectly assess the effect of light-dark cycle disruption on pubertal development.