Validation of a new screening questionnaire for disordered eating behaviors in men.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to identify disordered eating behaviors (DEB) in college men (hereafter, DEBM-Q).

Methods: A two-stage project consisting of a diagnostic scale construction (n = 9 for interviews, n = 9 for cognitive laboratory) and a validation study with a cross-sectional sample (N = 570) was carried out. Both semi-structured interviews and a cognitive laboratory with nine participants were conducted to obtain DEBM-Q items.

Embryo donation among Latin-Americans who have attended assisted reproduction techniques: a first empirical approach.

Objective: To determine whether Latin Americans who have undergone assisted reproduction techniques would donate embryos.

Methods: This is a multinational cross-sectional study, involving 602 patients. We invited the Latin American Network of Assisted Reproduction centers.

Gender, disasters and mortality: Earthquake in Mexico City, September 19th, 2017.

This paper aimed to explain why more women died in the earthquake of September 19, 2017, in Mexico City. We adopted a mixed quantitative-qualitative method, with epidemiological and statistical data and a hemerographic review about the influence of gender on earthquake-derived mortality. In the quantitative part, the results show that the difference in deaths among women compared to those among men cannot be attributed to population distribution or randomization issues.

The necessary gender perspective for the analysis of health problems.

This work begins with the difference between sex and gender, then show that the contrasts in the field of health between men and women can be explained: by the construction of gender of consultants and health service providers, by the structure of the services themselves of health (which also reflects gender constructions), and by the reproduction of gender patterns through education and research. The work shows the need to include a gender perspective in health research.

Novel methods of qualitative analysis for health policy research.

Background: Currently, thanks to the growing number of public database resources, most evidence on planning and management, healthcare institutions, policies and practices is becoming available to everyone. However, one of the limitations for the advancement of data and literature-driven research has been the lack of flexibility of the methodological resources used in qualitative research. There is a need to incorporate friendly, cheaper and faster tools for the systematic, unbiased analysis of large data corpora, in particular regarding the qualitative aspects of the information (often overlooked).

[Between Huxley and Orwell: Big Data and Health].

When in 1966 the United Nations stated in its International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the ideal of a free human being with respect to his privacy through the prohibition of arbitrary interference in his private life, it was not possible to imagine the impact of global unlimited connectivity, autonomy of new information technologies, the development of huge interconnected databases, the independent and unrestricted circulation of data, which have led to ethical and legal questions arising from this to treat personal and health data.

[Neuroethics as the neuroscience of ethics].

Introduction: The neurosciences have developed at a stunningly fast rate. Key points accounting for this progression include the introduction of functional neuroimaging techniques and the boost resulting from the Decade of the Brain project. This expansion has also allowed new disciplines such as neuroethics to appear.

Readability of education and consent forms in assisted reproduction procedures of the Latin American Network of Assisted Reproduction (RED).

Background: Informed consent (IC) is the process where the patient receives information provided by the medical staff to understand key aspects of any intervention to be performed on the patient and for the patient to have the right to allow (or not) that such intervention takes place. To accomplish this objective, health care workers have two groups of tools: those that evaluate the capacity (and competence) of patients and those that facilitate the information and communication process. Among these are clinical interviewing skills, relationship help, emotional support (counseling) and written forms of IC.

[Challenges of bioethics in twenty-first century medicine].

In order to propose possible challenges of bioethics in the twenty-first century medicine, it is necessary to consider that there were some past challenges (at the origin of this new discipline called bioethics), that the challenges have been modified with scientific, biomedical and humanistic breakthroughs, considering at the same time that challenges that may arise in the future will be, in different ways, a result of this historical evolution. The major challenges would be in the future: the unsolved problems of justice, equity and poverty; the challenges posed by the introduction of new technologies with the nanomedicine paradigm; and finally, the challenges driven by breakthroughs in neurosciences with the neuroethics paradigm.

[Embryo donation in developing countries].

In theory there are three things that can happen to surplus embryos: cryopreservation, discarding, or donation. Embryo donation has three different aims: clinical use (generally infertility therapy), research (basic biomedical research, stem cell research, etc.) or teaching (mainly used by clinical embryologists).

[The importance of literature in medical humanities].

This article emphasizes on the importance of including literature as a subject in the medical curriculum and particularly in the teaching of medical humanities. It underlines the importance of the physician-writer and the non-physician writer, who may become patients at the same time, justifying why to include this subject in teaching medicine. Finally, the article suggests four steps to create a course in this field: text selection, definition of the content, time of inclusion within the curriculum, and distancing as a methodological strategy.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) after conception using gametes from anonymous donors: recommendations for the future.

Objective: To discuss the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy in a child conceived using donor gametes.

Design: None.

Setting: None.

[A father's motherhood... or a mother's fatherhood? Transgender, assisted reproduction and bioethics].

The presence of a transsexual pregnant male in the mass media has made people reassess if transsexuals should have access to assisted reproduction. The bioethical discussion should focus on the future child best interests. This article describes the story of this transsexual man, legally married to a woman in the state of Oregon in the United States.

[A country doctor: a proposal of an ethical approach in the 125th anniversary of Frank Kafka's birth].

Within the framework of the 125 anniversary of the birth of Franz Kafka we discuss his work as a patient affected by tuberculosis. This essay outlines a review of Kafka as a writer and explains the meaning of the term "Kafkaesque". We put forward a commentary on the ethics expressed in a short story entitled A country doctor.

[Biological status of the human embryo. New bioethical and biolegal impact].

This work describes human embryo status through some definitions done around the idea of "embryo", reaching a recent Australian proposal. Beginning from this one, some bioethical and biolaw considerations are done about interspecies chimerism.

[Comments about depenalization of voluntary interruption of pregnancy among undergraduate students of the Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez Medicine Faculty].

Objective: To comment the most important situations to be considered as legal according to undergraduate students from Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez (UACJ) towards the voluntary termination of pregnancy.

Methodology: The research has descriptive and cross-sectional design. The instrument used is a Likert scale structured questionnaire, designed and validated previously.

[Contemporaneous history: complex techniques of assisted reproduction].

The work begins with historical considerations about the development of embryology at the beginning of the twentieth century and the vast advance obtained to the arriving of complex assisted reproductive techniques. Afterwards it is reviewed the development of variants and possibilities of the techniques. Finally, it is proposed four historic periods regarding the development of complex assisted reproductive technologies.

[The status of the human embryo from a gradualistic perspective].

Bioethics debates topics regarding the beginning and ending of human life. The beginning of human life includes when a human embryo reaches full human status. There are multiple and interesting issues surrounding human embryo status.

[Sexuality among infertile couples].

A monographic type, bibliographic and hemerographic study on the sexuality in couples with fertility problems is presented. The study is based on the Rubio Aurioles' model of human sexuality, and the four holones (reproductivity, eroticism, affective bonds, gender) in couples with fertility problems are described. A review of clinical studies on the prevailing sexuality in this kind of couples and some theoretical reflections are also presented.

[Types of anxiety reported by couples treated with assisted fertilization vis a vis hypothethical embryo donation for research purposes in a private clinic in Lima, Peru].

Introduction: Embryo donation displays special characteristics within the Latin American context, where spare cryopreserved embryos are not currently available as is the case of industrialized countries. The Catholic church also plays a significant role. The need to regulate ethically and legally the practice of embryo donation suggests that we need to take into account the opinions from the main key players: patients, health professionals, and society.

[Types of anxiety of couples treated with assisted fertilization regarding hypothetical donation of embryos at Clinical Hospital of Chile University].

Background: There are no empirical studies which have explored the experimentation with human embryos in Latin America. In general, there are no frameworks that regulate neither lawful matters of assisted reproduction nor the possibility of experimentation with human embryos, and the ethical frames are limited to those adopted by each center. Currently, to think about the real possibilities of experimentation with embryos goes beyond a legal frame, since the opinion of the potential actors is not known either (gamete or embryo donors).