A Novel TGFβ Receptor Inhibitor, IPW-5371, Prevents Diet-induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Irradiated Mice.

As the number of cancer survivors increases and the risk of accidental radiation exposure rises, there is a pressing need to characterize the delayed effects of radiation exposure and develop medical countermeasures. Radiation has been shown to damage adipose progenitor cells and increase liver fibrosis, such that it predisposes patients to developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and insulin resistance. The risk of developing these conditions is compounded by the global rise of diets rich in carbohydrates and fats.

Replacement substance P reduces cardiac fibrosis in monkeys with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-associated cardiac fibrosis contributes to heart failure. We previously showed that diabetic mice with cardiomyopathy, including cardiac fibrosis, exhibit low levels of the neuropeptide substance P; exogenous replacement of substance P reversed cardiac fibrosis, independent of body weight, blood glucose and blood pressure. We sought to elucidate the effectiveness and safety of replacement substance P to ameliorate or reverse cardiac fibrosis in type 2 diabetic monkeys.

Hypertension promotes microbial translocation and dysbiotic shifts in the fecal microbiome of nonhuman primates.

Accumulating evidence indicates a link between gut barrier dysfunction and hypertension. However, it is unclear whether hypertension causes gut barrier dysfunction or vice versa and whether the gut microbiome plays a role. To understand this relationship, we first cross-sectionally examined 153 nonhuman primates [NHPs; ; mean age, 16 ± 0.

Potential Noncutaneous Sites of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 Persistence and Shedding in Green Sea Turtles Chelonia mydas.

Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5), the likely etiologic agent of sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (FP), is predicted to be unevenly distributed within an infected turtle, in which productive virus replication and virion shedding occurs in cutaneous tumor keratinocytes. In this study, we measured and compared ChHV5 DNA quantities in tumors, skin, urine, major organs, and nervous tissue samples from green turtles Chelonia mydas. These samples were taken from the carcasses of 10 juvenile green turtles with and without clinical signs of FP that stranded in Florida during 2014.