Emerging Imaging Technologies for Parathyroid Gland Identification and Vascular Assessment in Thyroid Surgery: A Review From the American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section.

Importance: Identification and preservation of parathyroid glands (PGs) remain challenging despite advances in surgical techniques. Considerable morbidity and even mortality result from hypoparathyroidism caused by devascularization or inadvertent removal of PGs. Emerging imaging technologies hold promise to improve identification and preservation of PGs during thyroid surgery.

Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach: Results after 53 first cases.

Introduction: Trans Oral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy through Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) allows access to the thyroid with the best cosmetic results as there are no visible scars.

Methods: Here we present a prospective observational study of 53 patients which underwent TOETVA from July 2017 to June 2021.

Results: Fifty-two cases (98.

International Multi-institutional Experience with the Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach.

Surgical approaches to thyroidectomies have undergone a rapid evolution over the past three decades. Transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is currently the latest remote access procedure for the treatment of benign and malignant thyroid disease. The purpose of this article is to present the results of TOETVA from five different international institutions.

A reappraisal of vascular anatomy of the parathyroid gland based on fluorescence techniques.

Identification of the parathyroid glands (PGs) during thyroid surgery may prevent their inadvertent surgical removal and prevent postoperative hypoparathyroidism. However, identification of the PGs does not guarantee their function, and their vascular supply needs to be preserved as well. The recent introduction of intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent angiography of the PGs during thyroid surgery allows for the appraisal of the vascular anatomy and evaluation of PG function.

Usefulness of near-infrared angiography for identifying the intersegmental plane and vascular supply during video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy.

Objectives: Segmentectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) permits anatomical resection for diagnosis and treatment of small lung nodules but requires that intersegmental planes and segmental vessels be identified accurately. Near-infrared angiography with systemic injection of indocyanine green (ICG) can precisely identify the intersegmental plane. The purpose of this study was to confirm the usefulness of ICG angiography during VATS segmentectomy.

Odd localisation for a gastric cancer histology.

Introduction: More than 96% of signet-ring cell carcinomas occur in the stomach and the rest in other organs, including the gallbladder, pancreas, urinary bladder and breast. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum is very rare, accounting for 0.1%-2.

Subtotal Parathyroidectomy Under Indocyanine Green Angiography.

Subtotal parathyroid resection is indicated when secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) develops and may be indicated also in patients with primary HPT and multiglandular disease. Three different surgical procedures are used to treat diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia: total parathyroidectomy with or without autotransplantation, and subtotal parathyroidectomy. One of the main complications is transient or persistent hypoparathyroidism.

Intra-Operative Indocyanine Green Angiography of the Parathyroid Gland.

Major complications of thyroid and parathyroid surgery are recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries and definitive hypoparathyroidism. The use of intra-operative Indocyanine Green Angiography for confirmation of vascular status of the parathyroid gland is reported here.

Surgery of the thyroid: recent developments and perspective.

In the past century, thyroid surgery has benefited from physiological and technical revolutions. In the early 1900s, the most important aspect of thyroidectomy was the volume resected, without knowledge of exactly what was removed and if there were important structures around the thyroid gland. The main indications were respiratory problems for tracheal compression and the death rate was greater than 36% due to bleeding, infections, unrecognised bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve lesions and unrecognised severe hypocalcaemia leading to tetany.