Leisure behavior of youth with short stature, delayed puberty and diabetes mellitus.

There is some evidence to suggest that adolescents with endocrinological disorders such as short stature (SS), delayed puberty (DP), or diabetes mellitus (DM) may display significant social or psychological problems. The purpose of our study was to examine the leisure behaviors and experiences of these adolescents. Of the 178 adolescents (all of whom had an endocrinological problem) 83 were male and 91 were female.

The effects of sex steroids on spatial performance: a review and an experimental clinical investigation.

Males typically surpass females in spatial performance, an outcome that may be linked to testosterone and estrogen. The authors (a) review physiological mechanisms, developmental periods, and past empirical work relevant to sex steroids' effects on human spatial performance and (b) report an experimental study of the role of actively circulating sex steroids in adolescents being treated for delayed puberty (N = 55; mean age = 13.70 years).