Isolated Spinal Cord Neurocysticercosis.

The incidence of neurocysticercosis is increasing in the US. The diagnosis is primarily made based on imaging findings, with clinical presentation and epidemiological exposure also playing a role. The differential diagnosis for neurocysticercosis (NCC) is extensive, and being able to differentiate between these conditions on imaging is crucial to making a proper diagnosis.

Basilar Apex Aneurysms in the Setting of Carotid Artery Stenosis: Case Series and Angiographic Anatomic Study.

Background: Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are life-threatening lesions known within the literature to be found incidentally during routine angiographic workup for carotid artery stenosis (CAS). As IAs are associated with vascular shear stress, it is reasonable to expect that altered flow demands within the anterior circulation, such as with CAS, increase compensatory flow demands via the Circle of Willis (COW) and may induce similar stress at the basilar apex.

Objective: We present a series of nine unruptured basilar apex aneurysms (BAA) with CAS and a comparative radiographic analysis to BAA without CAS.

Morphologic variations of the second cervical vertebra in Down syndrome compared with age-matched peers.

OBJECTIVEAtlantoaxial instability is an important cause of pain and neurological dysfunction in patients with Down syndrome (DS), frequently requiring instrumented fusion of the upper cervical spine. This study provides a quantitative analysis of C2 morphology in DS patients compared with their peers without DS to identify differences that must be considered for the safe placement of instrumentation.METHODSA retrospective chart review identified age-matched patients with and without DS with a CT scan of the cervical spine.

Balloon-Occlusion Catheter Onyx Embolization of a Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Pediatric Patient.

Objective: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are insidious pathologies that, if left untreated, harbor potentially devastating consequences to the central nervous system. Spinal DAVFs are rare in the adult population and exceedingly uncommon in the pediatric population. In this report, we describe a spinal DAVF in a 3-year-old child whose initial presentation is subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Refractory Fulminant Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in an Adult.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is characterized by its rapid progression with variable symptoms and severity in adults and children. Multiple therapeutic options have been proposed, but solid evidence is yet to be gathered. We describe an adult man with a fulminant form of ADEM unresponsive to numerous treatment modalities.

Commonly asked questions: imaging stroke and other types of neurovascular disorders.

The medical management of patients requiring imaging of the head is often complex. This is confounded by growth and development of neuroimaging technology. Summarizing established guidelines and provided answers to commonly asked questions about neurovascular imaging may aid in providing efficient medical care.

Complications of neuroimaging.

Modern imaging techniques with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have revolutionized neuroimaging. While eliminating the risks of invasive procedures, new risks must now be considered before ordering neuroimaging. Advanced imaging techniques with CT may pose a risk of significant radiation exposure.

Primary CNS teratocarcinoma.

Primary central nervous system (CNS) teratomas are rare tumors that consist of all three germ cell layers. We describe a young man with a primary malignant CNS teratocarcinoma presenting as leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. Diagnosis of primary CNS teratocarcinomas is challenging; relentless pursuit of the diagnosis must follow even if early ancillary studies are inconclusive.

Percutaneous treatment of venous outflow obstruction in pediatric liver transplants.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous dilation in the treatment of impaired venous outflow in pediatric patients with liver transplants.

Materials And Methods: Review was undertaken of the records of 35 procedures to dilate impaired venous outflow in 16 consecutive children (aged 11 days to 17.8 years; mean, 7.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement in patients with cirrhosis and concomitant portal vein thrombosis.

Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation in patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by thrombosed portal vein.

Methods: This study reviewed 15 cases of TIPS creation in 15 cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis at our institution over an 8-year period. There were 2 women and 13 men with a mean age of 53 years.

Balloon dilatation of biliary-enteric strictures in children.

Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon dilatation in the treatment of anastomotic strictures in children with liver transplants.

Materials And Methods: For a period of 7 years, we treated 20 consecutive biliary-enteric strictures in 19 children (age range, 13 months to 17.9 years, mean, 7.

Using pullback pressure measurements to identify venous stenoses persisting after successful angioplasty in failing hemodialysis grafts.

Objective: We used pullback pressure measurements to identify venous stenoses persisting after angioplasty of failing hemodialysis grafts.

Materials And Methods: Fifty angioplasty procedures were performed in 32 patients with elevated venous pressures at dialysis. Grafts were initially evaluated on digital subtraction angiography, and all stenoses measuring greater than 50% on angiography underwent angioplasty.