Accuracy and Bias in Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Recommendations for Oculoplastic Surgeons.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of and bias in recommendations for oculoplastic surgeons from three artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot systems. Methods ChatGPT, Microsoft Bing Balanced, and Google Bard were asked for recommendations for oculoplastic surgeons practicing in 20 cities with the highest population in the United States. Three prompts were used: "can you help me find (an oculoplastic surgeon)/(a doctor who does eyelid lifts)/(an oculofacial plastic surgeon) in (city).

Oral Sedation Anesthesia Protocol for In-Office Oculoplastic Surgery.

Purpose: To present an oral anesthesia protocol for in-office oculoplastic surgery and to compare safety outcomes and patient and physician experiences to ambulatory surgery center (ASC)-based surgery with intravenous sedation or general anesthesia.

Methods: A prospective study was performed on consecutive patients undergoing surgery at an oculofacial plastic surgery practice. Surgery was performed in an in-office setting using our standardized oral sedation protocol or at an ASC with intravenous sedation or general anesthesia.

Arterial Wall and Tissue Penetration Force With Various Cannulas and Needles.

Background: Vascular penetration during aesthetic filler injections can cause serious side effects such as skin necrosis and blindness.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of cannula brand and gauge on the risk of vascular penetration.

Methods: The minimal force to penetrate the superficial temporal artery with 3 cannula brands and 1 needle brand in 4 sizes (22, 25, 27, and 30 gauge) was measured in 4 fresh frozen cadavers utilizing a force gauge that measured as low as 0.

Bilobed flap reconstruction after en-bloc removal of solitary fibrous tumor of the lacrimal sac.

Purpose: To report a rare case of a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the lacrimal sac and discuss considerations for management of similar cases.

Observations: We present the case of a 41-year-old woman who presented with a primary lacrimal sac SFT for which she underwent en-bloc surgical resection. We discuss management options for SFTs and our surgical approach for this case: bilobed flap reconstruction of the medial canthus and inferior orbit.

Transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B for rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis: a multi-center retrospective comparative study.

Purpose: To assess whether transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B injections (TRAMB) reduce exenteration rate without increasing mortality in rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM).

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 46 patients (51 eyes) with biopsy-proven ROCM were evaluated at 9 tertiary care institutions from 1998 to 2021. Patients were stratified by radiographic evidence of local orbital versus extensive involvement at presentation.

Multiple Cases of Facial Disfigurement From Filler Use and One Injector.

Purpose: To present a case of facial disfigurement from an injectable permanent filler and describe the consequences to patients exposed to the same injector (common source outbreak).

Methods: Case report and discussion of a common source outbreak after a group of persons developed complications years after permanent filler given by one injector.

Results: A 39-year-old transgender model underwent polymethylmethacrylate (Artefill) facial filler injections to the lips, cheeks, and chin in 2018.

Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula Masquerading as Thyroid Eye Disease.

A 29-year-old man with a medical and social history notable for smoking presented with progressive orbital congestion, conjunctival injection, and extraocular muscle enlargement consistent with thyroid eye disease (TED). On ophthalmologic examination, tortuous episcleral vessels and blood in Schlemm's canal on gonioscopy clued an alternative diagnosis. Cavernous sinus enhancement on computed tomography also suggested a retro-orbital process.

The Effect of a Screen Protector on Blue Light Intensity Emitted from Different Hand-held Devices.

Purpose: In response to growing concern about the effect of blue light on ocular tissue, companies have created mobile device screen protectors to block blue light. This project evaluates one of these screen protectors' ability to reduce blue light intensity.

Methods: The intensity of light at 450 nm from an iPhone 8, iPhone X, and iPad was measured in a dark room.

Lateral Tarsoconjunctival Flap Suspension Treatment of Post Blepharoplasty Lower Eyelid Retraction.

Purpose: To describe and evaluate the use of a lateral tarsoconjunctival suspension flap (TCSF) for the management of post blepharoplasty lower eyelid retraction.

Methods: Two-center, retrospective chart review of patients who received a lateral TCSF between 2010 and 2018 for correction of post blepharoplasty lower eyelid retraction. The postoperative follow-up was a minimum of 3 months.

Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Rare Tumor of the Eyelid With a Novel Histopathological Finding of Free Tumor Cells in the Tear Film.

The authors present a case of an eyelid eccrine porocarcinoma, a very rare malignant sweat gland tumor characterized histopathologically by nests of atypical poromatous cells and the presence of duct-like lumina. Histopathologic analysis of this case also exhibited numerous loose tumor cells in the adjacent tear film, a finding that has not been previously described.

Preoperative Embolization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations with Silk Suture and Particles: Technical Considerations and Outcomes.

Objective: Embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is commonly performed prior to surgical resection in order to reduce intraoperative bleeding and improve the safety of resection. Although most modern embolization procedures utilize permanent embolic agents, silk suture and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles may offer unique advantages for preoperative devascularization. The aims of this retrospective cohort study are to describe the technical considerations and determine the outcomes for preoperative silk suture and PVA particle embolization (SPE) of AVMs.

Embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations with silk suture particles prior to stereotactic radiosurgery.

We aimed to determine the long term durability of silk suture and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particle embolization (SPE) of arteriovenous malformations (AVM), and to evaluate the outcomes following multimodality management of AVM with combined SPE and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). A general supposition among neurointerventionalists is that embolization of cerebral AVM with silk sutures and PVA particles does not yield a durable occlusion. We performed a retrospective review of all AVM patients treated at our institution with combined SPE and SRS.

Dissociable effects of CB1 receptor blockade on anxiety-like and consummatory behaviors in the novelty-induced hypophagia test in mice.

Rationale: Central CB1 cannabinoid receptors regulate anxiety-like and appetitive consummatory behaviors. Pharmacological antagonism/inverse-agonism of CB1 receptors increases anxiety and decreases appetitive behaviors; however, neither well-defined dose nor context dependence of these effects has been simultaneously assessed in one behavioral assay.

Objectives: We sought to determine the context and dose dependence of the effects of CB1 receptor blockade on anxiety-like and consummatory behaviors in a model that allowed for simultaneous detection of anxiety-like and consummatory-related behaviors.