Perceptions about preclinical Alzheimer's disease biomarker collection procedure influences willingness to participate: Findings from an ethnoracially diverse study.

Background: Past research suggests that ethnoracialized groups differ in their willingness to engage in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) research overall. Studies indicated that participation willingness was affected by attitudes toward research and perceived invasiveness of biomarker collection techniques. However, comparative quantitative studies are few, and minoritized groups are under-included.

DNA-guided CRISPR/Cas12 for RNA targeting.

CRISPR-Cas nucleases are transforming genome editing, RNA editing, and diagnostics but have been limited to RNA-guided systems. We present ΨDNA, a DNA-based guide for Cas12 enzymes, engineered for specific and efficient RNA targeting. ΨDNA mimics a crRNA but with a reverse orientation, enabling stable Cas12-RNA assembly and activating trans-cleavage without RNA components.

A Discourse Analysis of Cultural Influences on Alaska Native Successful Aging.

Geographical remoteness, limited resources, and socioeconomic disparities contribute to the migration of rural Alaska Native Elders to urban areas to access medical services and resources, improve economic situations, or reunite with family. We compared the discourse of 12 Elders in Anchorage who previously lived in four remote traditional villages in the Norton Sound region (ages 60-84) and 13 Elders in those villages (ages 48-80). Using Gee's discourse analysis framework, two patterns emerged detailing cultural effects on identity and Eldership, illuminating differences in the self-evaluation of successful aging based on cultural influences and the role of contextual factors.

Accelerated Ten-Gram-Scale Synthesis of One-Component Multifunctional Sequence-Defined Ionizable Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimer 97.

One-component multifunctional sequence-defined ionizable amphiphilic Janus dendrimers (IAJDs) were discovered in our laboratories in 2021 to represent a new class of synthetic vectors for the targeted delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA). They coassemble with mRNA by simple injection of their ethanol solution into a pH 4 acetate buffer containing the nucleic acid into monodisperse dendrimersome nanoparticles (DNPs) with predictable dimensions. DNPs are competitive with 4-component lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which are used in commercial COVID-19 vaccines, except that IAJDs are prepared in fewer reaction steps than each individual component of the LNPs.

Examining the potential impacts of a coastal renourishment project on the presence and abundance of Escherichia coli.

Erosion poses a significant threat to oceanic beaches worldwide. To combat this threat, management agencies often utilize renourishment, which supplements eroded beaches with offsite sand. This process can alter the physical characteristics of the beach and can influence the presence and abundance of microbial communities.

The Association Between Physical Activity and Fatigue Among Adults With Rheumatic Disease in a Nationally Representative Sample.

Objective: Adults with rheumatic disease (RD) experience high levels of fatigue. Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce fatigue among adults. Despite this evidence, adults with RD are more likely to be physically inactive compared with those without RD.

Generativity as a Traditional Way of Life: Successful aging among Unangan Elders in the Aleutian Pribilof Islands.

Predominantly Western-based biomedical models of successful aging have been used to research, understand, and explain successful aging among diverse populations. With an increasingly heterogeneous older adult population nationwide, scholars have been exploring Indigenous understandings of successful aging. To add to the accumulation of knowledge of diverse Alaska Native populations, this study involved semi-structured qualitative interviews with 20 Unangan Elders from the Aleutian and Pribilof Islands.

Ethnoracialized group differences in attitudes and knowledge about schizophrenia and willingness to engage in biomarker research: The UBIGR Study.

Although there is renewed optimism in biomarker research in schizophrenia, there is also need for greater inclusion of historically underrepresented groups in the research. In the present study, we surveyed 599 African American, 352 American Indian/Alaska Native, and 725 NonHispanic White participants about their attitudes toward research, knowledge and attitudes about schizophrenia, and willingness to engage in biomarker testing. Attitudes toward research were examined using the standardized 7-item Research Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) measure.

Protective Factors in the Context of Successful Aging in Urban-Dwelling Alaska Native Elders.

Successful aging in rural Alaska communities has been established as a characteristic best described by reaching "Eldership," conveying reverence and respect from the community and implying leadership responsibilities. Most Alaska Native (AN) Elders believe that aging successfully or aging well happens within their home communities. However, limited rural resources lead Elders to relocate to urban settings.

Centering Data Sovereignty, Tribal Values, and Practices for Equity in American Indian and Alaska Native Public Health Systems.

As the first scientists on the American continents, American Indian and Alaska Native people followed various methodologies in the pursuit of knowledge to understand and respond to complex environmental situations. Examples include data necessary to guide access to safe food and medicine as well as community roles, kinship, travel, housing, and healing for the well-being of the community. These Tribal data have been transmitted through specific practices with strict protocols such as storytelling, songs, and ceremony.

Inflammatory Markers in Mother's Own Milk and Infant Stool of Very Low Birthweight Infants.

Background: Mother's breastmilk is the gold standard for feeding preterm infants. Preterm delivery may be precipitated by inflammatory maternal states, but little is known about milk cytokine profiles and how they correlate with markers of infant gut inflammation (i.e.

Global rural health disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: State of the science.

Introduction: Individuals living in rural communities are at heightened risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), which parallels other persistent place-based health disparities. Identifying multiple potentially modifiable risk factors specific to rural areas that contribute to ADRD is an essential first step in understanding the complex interplay between various barriers and facilitators.

Methods: An interdisciplinary, international group of ADRD researchers convened to address the overarching question of: "What can be done to begin minimizing the rural health disparities that contribute uniquely to ADRD?" In this state of the science appraisal, we explore what is known about the biological, behavioral, sociocultural, and environmental influences on ADRD disparities in rural settings.

Cyclical Migration in Alaska Native Elders and Its Impact on Elders' Identity and Later Life Well-Being.

Objectives: This paper outlines the unique culturally driven cyclical migration of Alaska Native (AN) Elders, distinct from previously described migration patterns in that Elders spend extended time in more than one community. We describe this Indigenous cyclical migration of AN Elders and its influence on their identity and later life health and well-being.

Methods: Interviews with 124 AN Elders were conducted across 5 regions of Alaska: Bristol Bay, Interior, Norton Sound, Aleutian Pribilof Islands, and Southcentral.

Conceptualizing Indigenous strengths-based health and wellness research using group concept mapping.

Background: In recent years public health research has shifted to more strengths or asset-based approaches to health research but there is little understanding of what this concept means to Indigenous researchers. Therefore our purpose was to define an Indigenous strengths-based approach to health and well-being research.

Methods: Using Group Concept Mapping, Indigenous health researchers (N = 27) participated in three-phases.

Gene flow accelerates adaptation to a parasite.

Gene flow into populations can increase additive genetic variation and introduce novel beneficial alleles, thus facilitating adaptation. However, gene flow may also impede adaptation by disrupting beneficial genotypes, introducing deleterious alleles, or creating novel dominant negative interactions. While theory and fieldwork have provided insight into the effects of gene flow, direct experimental tests are rare.

Validation of a Survey to Characterize Barriers to Physical Activity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Context: Although 84% of patients expected to return to activity within 1 year of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), as few as 24% will return to their preinjury level of activity. By considering a patient's perceptions of reengagement in activity after ACLR, clinicians and researchers may be better equipped to implement interventions that are patient centered.

Objective: To describe the validation of the ACL Reasons survey, a tool to aid clinicians and researchers in understanding patient perceptions of barriers to physical activity (PA) engagement after ACLR.

native successful ageing in Northwest : how family impacts how one ages in a good way.

aged well, yet today they experience high rates of illness and lower access to care because of colonisation. Aand this research explores successful ageing from an AN perspective or what it means to achieve "Eldership" in the rural Northwest Alaska. A community-based participatory research approach was used to engage participants at every stage of the research process.

Conceptualizing and Operationalizing Collaboration Among Multiple Caregivers of Older Adults.

Objectives: In many families, multiple caregivers support older adults living with dementia. Studying collaboration among caregivers requires consideration of conceptual and methodological issues that have not been fully explored. This study presents a framework for conceptualizing caregiver collaboration and an index that captures variation in collaboration among multiple caregivers within care networks.

Adolescent Patient, Parent, and Clinician Perceptions of Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Qualitative Study.

Context: Rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is challenging for adolescent patients concurrently experiencing growth and development, changes in attitudes and social interactions, and a gradual shift toward independence.

Objective: To examine the perceptions of information sharing and interpersonal communication among adolescent patients going through ACLR, their parents, and physical therapists (PTs) treating adolescent patients with ACLR.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Advantages of laboratory natural selection in the applied sciences.

In the past three decades, laboratory natural selection has become a widely used technique in biological research. Most studies which have utilized this technique are in the realm of basic science, often testing hypotheses related to mechanisms of evolutionary change or ecological dynamics. While laboratory natural selection is currently utilized heavily in this setting, there is a significant gap with its usage in applied studies, especially when compared to the other selection experiment methodologies like artificial selection and directed evolution.