Primary Care Screening for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among People With HIV in the United States: A Real-World Provider Survey.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) and increases the risk of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We sent an online survey to providers of the American Academy of HIV Medicine. Of respondents (n = 214, 8% response rate), 65% reported screening for NAFLD in PWH, with 28% routinely screening all patients.

Centering autonomy and choice to support oral PrEP utilization among people who inject drugs: qualitative lessons from HPTN 094 INTEGRA.

Background: Oral Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV transmission. However, despite high rates of HIV risk behaviors among people who inject drugs (PWID), this population remains underserved by current HIV prevention efforts in the United States. To address this challenge, we conducted an in-depth exploration of perspectives on using oral PrEP among PWID engaged in the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 094 INTEGRA Study.

MASLD in persons with HIV is associated with high cardiometabolic risk as evidenced by altered advanced lipoprotein profiles and targeted metabolomics.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in persons with HIV (PWH). The lipidomic and metabolomic alterations contributing to this risk are poorly understood. We aimed to characterize the advanced lipoprotein and targeted metabolomic profiles in PWH and assess if the presence and severity of MASLD influence these profiles.

Muscle Quality and Physical Function in Men With and Without HIV.

Background: People with HIV (PWH) experience faster physical decline than those without HIV (PWoH), despite antiretroviral therapy. We compared skeletal muscle density and area and their relationship with physical function among PWH and PWoH.

Methods: Quantitative computed tomography scans were performed at the L4-L5 spinal region and the thigh to evaluate muscle groups in Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study participants at baseline.

Relationships Between Hepatic Steatosis and Frailty Differ by HIV Serostatus.

Background: Frailty is associated with obesity-related comorbidities, but the relationship with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in people with HIV has been incompletely described. Our objective was to assess the associations between NAFLD and frailty.

Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

Effects of Semaglutide on Muscle Structure and Function in the SLIM LIVER Study.

Background: Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, is highly effective for decreasing weight. Concomitant loss of muscle mass often accompanies weight loss and may have consequences on muscle function.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis from the SLIM LIVER (ACTG A5371) study, a single-arm study of semaglutide in people with HIV (PWH) with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disorder (MASLD).

The impact of diabetes mellitus on HIV virologic control: results of the MACS/WIHS combined cohort study.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with lower antiretroviral (ART) drug exposure among persons with HIV (PWH) compared to PWH without DM. The association between DM and virologic control in PWH, however, remains unknown.

Methods: We included participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) who had initiated ART between 1999 and 2020 and had a suppressed HIV viral load (≤200 copies/ml) within 1 year of ART initiation.

Transgender Women With Suppressed Testosterone Display Lower Burden of Coronary Disease Than Matched Cisgender Men.

Context: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in transgender women (TW) may be affected by gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and HIV, but few data compare TW on contemporary GAHT to well-matched controls.

Objective: We compared CVD burden and biomarker profiles between TW and matched cisgender men (CM).

Methods: Adult TW on GAHT (n = 29) were recruited for a cross-sectional study (2018-2020).

A data-driven approach to implementing the HPTN 094 complex intervention INTEGRA in local communities.

Background: HIV burden in the US among people who inject drugs (PWID) is driven by overlapping syndemic factors such as co-occurring health needs and environmental factors that synergize to produce worse health outcomes among PWID. This includes stigma, poverty, and limited healthcare access (e.g.

Microfluidic Isolation of Neuronal-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Shows Distinct and Common Neurological Proteins in Long COVID, HIV Infection and Alzheimer's Disease.

Long COVID (LongC) is associated with a myriad of symptoms including cognitive impairment. We reported at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic that neuronal-enriched or L1CAM+ extracellular vesicles (nEVs) from people with LongC contained proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since that time, a subset of people with prior COVID infection continue to report neurological problems more than three months after infection.

Delivering integrated strategies from a mobile unit to address the intertwining epidemics of HIV and addiction in people who inject drugs: the HPTN 094 randomized controlled trial protocol (the INTEGRA Study).

Background: Persons with opioid use disorders who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States (US) face multiple and intertwining health risks. These include interference with consistent access, linkage, and retention to health care including medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), HIV prevention using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and testing and treatment for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Most services, when available, including those that address substance misuse, HIV prevention, and STIs, are often provided in multiple locations that may be difficult to access, which further challenges sustained health for PWID.

Cannabis Use and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Microbial Translocation in Persons with HIV.

The relationship between cannabis and inflammation among persons with HIV (PWH) remains unclear. We examined whether the cannabis metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy THC (THC-COOH) is associated with lower levels of plasma biomarkers of inflammation, immune activation, and microbial translocation in PWH. We hypothesized that cannabis use would be associated with lower levels of plasma inflammatory biomarkers than noncannabis use.

Incident Proteinuria by HIV Serostatus Among Men With Pre--Diabetes Mellitus: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.

Background: Pre-diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with proteinuria, a risk factor for chronic kidney disease. While people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) have a higher risk of proteinuria than people without HIV (PWOH), it is unknown whether incident proteinuria differs by HIV serostatus among prediabetic persons.

Methods: The urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was measured at semiannual visits among men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study since April 2006.

Sexual network characteristics and partnership types among men who have sex with men diagnosed with syphilis, gonorrhoea and/or chlamydia in Lima, Peru.

Objectives: Sexual networks are known to structure sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). We sought to estimate the risks of STI diagnosis for various partnership types within these networks.

Methods: Our cross-sectional survey analysed data from 1376 MSM screened for a partner management intervention in Lima, Peru.

Both/And: Mixed methods analysis of network composition, communication patterns, and socio-economic support within social networks of transgender women involved in sex work in Lima, Peru.

Introduction: Social networks contribute to normative reinforcement of HIV prevention strategies, knowledge sharing, and social capital, but little research has characterized the social networks of transgender women (TW) in Latin America. We conducted a mixed methods analysis of three network clusters of TW in Lima, Peru, to evaluate network composition, types of support exchanged, and patterns of communication.

Methods: We recruited TW residing in or affiliated with three "casas trans" (houses shared among TW) in Lima between April-May 2018.

Energy balance and body composition after switch between integrase strand transfer inhibitors and doravirine among people with HIV.

Background: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are associated with excessive weight gain among a subset of persons with HIV (PWH), due to unclear mechanisms. We assessed energy intake (EI) and expenditure (EE) following switch off and onto INSTIs.

Methods: PWH with >10% weight gain on an INSTI-based regimen switched INSTI to doravirine for 12 weeks, then back to INSTI for 12 weeks while keeping their remaining regimen stable.