Consensus-Based Recommendations for Designing, Delivering, Evaluating, and Reporting Exercise Intervention Research Involving People Living With a Spinal Cord Injury.

Objectives: To establish recommendations for designing, delivering, evaluating, and reporting exercise intervention research to improve fitness-related outcomes in people living with spinal cord injury (PwSCI).

Design: International consensus process.

Setting: (1) An expert panel was established consisting of 9 members of the governing panel of the International Spinal Cord Society Physical Activity Special Interest Group and 9 additional scientists who authored or co-authored ≥1 exercise randomized controlled trial paper involving PwSCI.

Combined Virtual-Reality- and Gym-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Children With a Developmental Disability: Effects on Physical Activity Levels, Motor Skills, and Social Skills.

This study examined the effects of a combined virtual-reality- and gym-based physical activity (PA) program on PA levels, motor skills, and social skills of children with a developmental disability (DD). Twenty-five children with DD were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The intervention was conducted for 60 min, two times a week, for 12 weeks.

The effect of a virtual reality exergame on motor skills and physical activity levels of children with a developmental disability.

Background: It is well documented that regular physical activity (PA) participation improves physical functions of children with a developmental disability (DD). Researchers have begun to pay attention to virtual reality (VR) based PA programs, but there is a lack of research evidence.

Aim: We aimed to examine the effect of a VR-based PA program on motor skills and PA levels in children with DD.

Creative Intercorporeality in Collaborative Work of Choreographers with and without Disabilities: A Grounded Theory Approach.

The purpose of this study was to present an academic discourse on a theoretical framework and acceptance process of 'creative intercorporeality' in the collaborative work of choreographers with and without disabilities. To this end, a grounded theory approach using a qualitative research method was employed to dancers who have participated in collaborative choreography. This study employed the perspective of social cognitive theory about the process in which dancers with and without disabilities form emotional empathy and trust relationships through continuous interactions for creative work.

Understanding parental physical activity support in parents of children with developmental disabilities across two different countries.

Background: It remains unclear if there is a difference between parental physical activity (PA) support in parents of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) and parental PA support in parents of children without DDs across countries.

Aims: The purposes of the current study were to examine parental PA support in parents of children with and without DDs from the United States and South Korea and to examine their parental PA support mechanism based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Methods And Procedures: An online survey was used to measure demographic information, parental PA support, and four constructs of TPB in parents with and without DDs in the two countries (n = 277).

Age-Group Differences in Body Mass Index, Weight, and Height in Adults With Down Syndrome and Adults With Intellectual Disability From the United States.

The authors examined if body mass index (BMI), weight, and height across age groups differ between adults with Down syndrome (DS) and adults with intellectual disability but without DS. They conducted secondary analyses of cross-sectional data from 45,803 individuals from the United States from 2009 to 2014 of the National Core Indicators Adult Consumer Survey across five age groups: 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and 60+ years. For both men and women with DS, BMI and weight increased between the 18- to 29- and the 30- to 39-year age groups and decreased thereafter.

Predictors of perceived health in adults with an intellectual disability.

Background: The effects of Intellectual disability (ID) levels, body mass index (BMI) categories, and other factors on perceived health status of adults with ID are not well-known.

Aims: We aimed to examine: (a) the relationship between perceived health and level of intellectual function; (b) the influence of different BMI categories on a perceived health; and (c) the effect of the modifiable behavioral factors on perceived health.

Methods And Procedures: We examined the aims using data from the 2013-2014 Adult Consumer Survey of the National Core Indicator.

Physical Activity Promotion for Persons Experiencing Disability: The Importance of Interdisciplinary Research and Practice.

This paper examines the need for interdisciplinary knowledge in the formation of public health models for health-promoting physical activity (PA) for people experiencing disability. PA promotion for people experiencing disability is a multifaceted endeavor and requires navigating a multitude of complicated and interactive factors. Both disability and health are multifaceted constructs and the relationship between PA and health is embedded within a complicated web of interactive influences.

Impact of enjoyment on physical activity and health among children with disabilities in schools.

Background: Enjoyment in school-based physical activity (PA) programs, such as recess or physical education may be important for promoting children's health, but there is a lack of evidence explaining how enjoyment affects health in children with disabilities.

Hypotheses: Enjoyment in school-based PA programs will positively influence general health through participating in more daily PA, and this relationship will vary between younger and older children with disabilities.

Methods: We conducted secondary analysis of data from the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey.

Three frameworks to predict physical activity behavior in middle school inclusive physical education: a multilevel analysis.

The purpose of this study was to examine three frameworks, (a) process-product, (b) student mediation, and (c) classroom ecology, to understand physical activity (PA) behavior of adolescents with and without disabilities in middle school inclusive physical education (PE). A total of 13 physical educators teaching inclusive PE and their 503 students, including 22 students with different disabilities, participated in this study. A series of multilevel regression analyses indicated that physical educators' teaching behavior and students' implementation intentions play important roles in promoting the students' PA in middle school inclusive PE settings when gender, disability, lesson content, instructional model, and class location are considered simultaneously.