Performance Indicators for the Assessment of Aging-In-Place Reform Policies: A Scoping Review and Evidence Map.

Objectives: Many countries have reformed their long-term care system to promote aging-in-place. Currently, there is no framework for evaluating these reforms. This review aimed to identify performance indicators used for aging-in-place reform evaluation.

The effects of diuretic deprescribing in adult patients: A systematic review to inform an evidence-based diuretic deprescribing guideline.

In this systematic review, we report on the effects of diuretic deprescribing compared to continued diuretic use. We included clinical studies reporting on outcomes such as mortality, heart failure recurrence, tolerability and feasibility. We assessed risk of bias and certainty of the evidence using the GRADE framework.

Navigating the outcome maze: a scoping review of outcomes and instruments in clinical trials in genetic neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disability.

Background: Individuals with genetic neurodevelopmental disorders (GNDs) or intellectual disability (ID) are often affected by complex neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Targeted treatments are increasingly available, but due to the heterogeneity of these patient populations, choosing a key outcome and corresponding outcome measurement instrument remains challenging.

Objectives: The aim of this scoping review was to describe the research on outcomes and instruments used in clinical trials in GNDs and ID.

Influence of study characteristics, methodological rigour and publication bias on efficacy of pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials.

Question: We examined the effect of study characteristics, risk of bias and publication bias on the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Study Selection And Analysis: We conducted a systematic search of double-blinded, placebo-controlled, short-term RCTs with selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or clomipramine. We performed a random-effect meta-analysis using change in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) as the primary outcome.

Intermethod agreement of self-reports compared to register data collection for return to work and sickness absence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To determine the intermethod agreement of self-reported vs. register data of 'sickness absence' (SA) and 'return to work' (RTW) outcome measurements.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies reporting mean differences (MDs) and sensitivity and specificity for self-report vs.

The impact of cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments on fall risk in older adults: a scoping review and evidence map.

Background: We aimed to summarize the published evidence on the fall risk reducing potential of cardiovascular diagnostics and treatments in older adults.

Methods: Design: scoping review and evidence map.

Data Sources: Medline and Embase.

Inherited metabolic disorders in adults: systematic review on patient characteristics and diagnostic yield of broad sequencing techniques (exome and genome sequencing).

Background/objectives: The timely diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) is essential for initiating treatment, prognostication and genetic testing of relatives. Recognition of IMD in adults is difficult, because phenotypes are different from those in children and influenced by symptoms from acquired conditions. This systematic literature review aims to answer the following questions: (1) What is the diagnostic yield of exome/genome sequencing (ES/GS) for IMD in adults with unsolved phenotypes? (2) What characteristics do adult patients diagnosed with IMD through ES/GS have?

Methods: A systematic search was conducted using the following search terms (simplified): "Whole exome sequencing (WES)," "Whole genome sequencing (WGS)," "IMD," "diagnostics" and the 1,450 known metabolic genes derived from ICIMD.

Linking leadership development programs for physicians with organization-level outcomes: a realist review.

Background: Hospitals invest in Leadership Development Programs (LDPs) for physicians, assuming they benefit the organization's performance. Researchers have listed the advantages of LDPs, but knowledge of how and why organization-level outcomes are achieved is missing.

Objective: To investigate how, why and under which circumstances LDPs for physicians can impact organization-level outcomes.

Victims of Child Abuse Dropping Out of Trauma-Focused Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors.

Unlabelled: A substantial number of children who experienced child maltreatment drop out of evidence-based trauma-focused treatments (TF-CBT). Identifying child, family, and treatment-related factors associated with treatment dropout is important to be able to prevent this from happening and to effectively treat children's trauma-related symptoms. Methods: A quantitative review was performed based on a systematic synthesis of the literature on potential risk factors for dropout of trauma-focused treatment in maltreated children.

Predicting Clinical Deterioration and Mortality at Differing Stages During Hospitalization: A Systematic Review of Risk Prediction Models in Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Objective: To determine which risk prediction model best predicts clinical deterioration in children at different stages of hospital admission in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: For this systematic review, Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. The key search terms were "development or validation study with risk-prediction model" AND "deterioration or mortality" AND "age 0-18 years" AND "hospital-setting: emergency department (ED), pediatric ward (PW), or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)" AND "low- and middle-income countries.

The use of specific antihypertensive medication and skin cancer risk: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of hydrochlorothiazide has recently been linked to skin cancer in observational studies. This may be explained by its photosensitizing properties, but photosensitivity has also been reported for other antihypertensive drugs. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare skin cancer risk among antihypertensive drug classes and individual blood pressure lowering drugs.

Pediatric patient engagement in clinical care, research and intervention development: a scoping review.

Background: In the last decades, pediatric patient engagement has received growing attention and its importance is increasingly acknowledged. Pediatric patient engagement in health care can be defined as the involvement of children and adolescents in the decision-making of daily clinical care, research and intervention development. Although more attention is paid to pediatric patient engagement, a comprehensive overview of the activities that have been done regarding pediatric patient engagement and the changes over time is lacking.

A first step towards a framework for interventions for individual working practice to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a scoping review.

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a key topic in occupational health. In the primary prevention of these disorders, interventions to minimize exposure to work-related physical risk factors are widely advocated. Besides interventions aimed at the work organisation and the workplace, interventions are also aimed at the behaviour of workers, the so-called individual working practice (IWP).

Effect of TNF inhibitors on arterial stiffness and intima media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Controlling inflammation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is hypothesized to reduce their cardiovascular risk. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of TNF inhibitors on arterial stiffness and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) in RA. MEDLINE, EMBASE, clinicaltrials.

Does aerobic exercise reduce NASH and liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: Exercise is an effective strategy for the prevention and regression of hepatic steatosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but it is unclear whether it can reduce advanced stages of NAFLD, i.e., steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis.

A systematic review on the use of explainability in deep learning systems for computer aided diagnosis in radiology: Limited use of explainable AI?

Objectives: This study aims to contribute to an understanding of the explainability of computer aided diagnosis studies in radiology that use end-to-end deep learning by providing a quantitative overview of methodological choices and by discussing the implications of these choices for their explainability.

Methods: A systematic review was executed using the preferred reporting items for systemic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Primary diagnostic test accuracy studies using end-to-end deep learning for radiology were identified from the period January 1st, 2016, to January 20th, 2021.

Microbial effects of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics after Caesarean section or exposure to antibiotics in the first week of life: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Disruption of the developing microbiota by Caesarean birth or early exposure to antibiotics may impact long-term health outcomes, which can potentially be prevented by nutritional supplements. This systematic review aimed to summarise the evidence regarding the effects of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics on the intestinal microbiota composition of term infants born by Caesarean section or exposed to antibiotics in the first week of life.

Methods: A systematic search was performed from inception to August 2022 in Medline and Embase.

Clinical outcomes following pre-, pro- and synbiotic supplementation after caesarean birth or antibiotic exposure in the first week of life in term born infants: A systematic review of the literature.

Background: Caesarean section and early exposure to antibiotics disrupt the developing gastrointestinal microbiome, which is associated with long-term health effects.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the impact of prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics supplementation on clinical health outcomes of term infants born by caesarean section or exposed to antibiotics in the first week of life.

Design: A systematic search was performed in Medline and Embase from inception to August 2021.

Mental health screening and assessment tools for forcibly displaced children: a systematic review.

An unprecedentedly large number of people worldwide are forcibly displaced, of which more than 40 percent are under 18 years of age. Forcibly displaced children and youth have often been exposed to stressful life events and are therefore at increased risk of developing mental health issues. Hence, early screening and assessment for mental health problems is of great importance, as is research addressing this topic.

Medication reviews and deprescribing as a single intervention in falls prevention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: our aim was to assess the effectiveness of medication review and deprescribing interventions as a single intervention in falls prevention.

Design: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO until 28 March 2022.

Common elements of evidence-based trauma therapy for children and adolescents.

Unlabelled: Numerous evidence-based trauma therapies for children and adolescents have been developed over several decades to minimize the negative outcomes of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, PTSD remains a complex construct and is associated with pervasive problems and high comorbidity. To gain more insight, much could be learnt from the similarities in trauma therapies.

Pediatric radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal targets: Organ motion, reported margin sizes, and delineation variations - A systematic review.

For radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors safety margins are applied to address geometrical uncertainties caused by e.g. set-up errors, organ motion and delineation variability.

Impact of cardiovascular evaluations and interventions on fall risk in older adults: a protocol for a scoping review and evidence map.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disorders are increasingly recognised as important fall risk factors in older adults. Falls are a major public health problem in older adults, and therefore, effective interventions for reducing falls are essential for this population. Cardiovascular disease is a clinically relevant (but often overlooked) and potentially modifiable risk factor for falls.

The triangular fibrocartilage complex in the human wrist: A scoping review toward uniform and clinically relevant terminology.

The aim of this scoping review was to assess the composition, terminology, and anatomy of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) of the wrist and propose unambiguous terminology regarding the individual components. The review was conducted according to the methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2005, 8, 19-32). Electronic databases were searched from inception until September 1, 2021 for original anatomical studies, using MeSH terms and keywords on terminology and anatomy of TFCC components.