Two Remarks on Graph Norms.

For a graph , its homomorphism density in graphs naturally extends to the space of two-variable symmetric functions in , , denoted by (, ). One may then define corresponding functionals and , and say that is (semi-)norming if is a (semi-)norm and that is weakly norming if is a norm. We obtain two results that contribute to the theory of (weakly) norming graphs.

Alleviation of ascorbic acid-induced gastric high acidity by calcium ascorbate and .

Ascorbic acid is one of the most well-known nutritional supplement and antioxidant found in fruits and vegetables. Calcium ascorbate has been developed to mitigate the gastric irritation caused by the acidity of ascorbic acid. The aim of this study was to compare calcium ascorbate and ascorbic acid, focusing on their antioxidant activity and effects on gastric juice pH, total acid output, and pepsin secretion in an rat model, as well as pharmacokinetic parameters.

Enhancing the in vitro anticancer activity of albendazole incorporated into chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles.

To improve the solubility and anticancer activity of albendazole (ABZ), chitosan (CS)-coated poly-dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles were developed. CS was used to coat ABZ-loaded PLGA nanoparticles to enhance both mucoadhesiveness and colloidal stability. CS-coated PLGA nanoparticles were prepared by suspending the nanoparticles in CS solution after solvent diffusion.

Solubilization and formulation of chrysosplenol C in solid dispersion with hydrophilic carriers.

We investigated how to overcome problems associated with the solubility, dissolution, and oral bioavailability of the poorly water-soluble drug compound, chrysosplenol C (CRSP), as well as the effects of single and binary hydrophilic polymers (PVP K-25 and/or PEG 6000) on the solubility and dissolution parameters of CRSP. Then an optimized formulation was further developed with a surfactant. To select a surfactant suitable for a CRSP-loaded solid dispersion (SD), the solubility of CRSP in distilled water containing 1% surfactant was compared with the solubilities in other surfactants.