Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective and Enantioselective Hydropyridylation of Dienes for the Synthesis of Chiral Diaryl Compounds via Concerted Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution.

The synthesis of chiral 1,1-diaryl compounds, particularly those containing a pyridine moiety, is of significant interest due to their pharmaceutical applications. Here, we report the development of a copper-catalyzed enantioselective 1,4-hydropyridylation of conjugated dienes. Utilizing 2-fluoropyridine as the electrophile, CuOAc, and the chiral ligand Tol-BINAP, we optimized reaction conditions to achieve the desired chiral 1,1-diaryl products containing both a pyridine and a cis-crotyl group.

Clinical Characteristics and Audiological Profiles of Patients with Pathogenic Variants of .

Mutations in Wolfram syndrome 1 () cause Wolfram syndrome and autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss DFNA6/14/38. To date, more than 300 pathogenic variants of have been identified. Generally, the audiological phenotype of Wolfram syndrome or DFNA6/14/38 is characterized by low-frequency hearing loss; however, this phenotype is largely variable.

Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Unactivated Alkenes and Conjugated Dienes with Tertiary Silanes Controlled by Hemilabile Hybrid P,O Ligand.

Novel P,O-type ligands, N-disulfonyl bicyclic bridgehead phosphorus triamides, were synthesized and utilized in Pd-catalyzed hydrosilylation involving tertiary silanes, unactivated alkenes, and conjugated dienes. The ligand displayed a remarkable level of reactivity for alkene hydrosilylation with tertiary silanes and its use resulted in a significant improvement in the regioselectivity of diene hydrosilylation towards 1,2-hydrosilylation. X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed the bidentate nature of the ligand, with coordination of phosphorus and oxygen.

Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Patients with COVID-19 Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Background: Pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, often requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation and eventually tracheostomy. Both procedures occur in isolation units where personal protective equipment is needed. Additionally, the high bleeding risk in patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) places a great strain on surgeons.

Sensory change after implant surgery: related factors for recovery.

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to analyze data on nerve damage in patients who complained of sensory changes after dental implant surgery, the clinical results according to proximity of the implant fixture to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) canal, and the factors affecting recovery of sensation.

Materials And Methods: The electronic medical records of 64 patients who had experienced sensory change after implant surgery were reviewed. Patients were classified by sex, age, implant installation sites, recovery rate and the distance between the implant fixture and IAN canal on computed tomography (CT).

Assessment of textbook outcome after lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer in a Korean institution: A retrospective study.

Background: Textbook outcome (TO) has been introduced as a novel composite measure for lung cancer surgery. We investigated TO after lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a Korean tertiary hospital and its prognostic implications for overall survival and recurrence.

Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2017, 418 consecutive patients who underwent lobectomy for clinical stages I and II NSCLC were identified and retrospectively reviewed.

Needle orientation for temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis in Koreans.

Objective: To investigate the highest opportunity skin puncture point and needle orientation according to facial asymmetry and classification.

Methods: Computed tomography of 136 patients was analyzed. Horizontal and vertical angles and distances from the canthal-tragal line were investigated to determine the puncture point and needle's angle.

Prognostic Impact of Postoperative Complications in High-Risk Operable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Patients with high-risk (HR) operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may have unique prognostic factors. This study aimed to evaluate surgical outcomes in HR patients and to investigate prognostic factors in HR patients versus standard-risk (SR) patients.

Methods: In total, 471 consecutive patients who underwent curative lung resection for NSCLC between January 2012 and December 2017 were identified and reviewed retrospectively.

Medical data science in rhinology: Background and implications for clinicians.

Background: An important challenge of big data is using complex information networks to provide useful clinical information. Recently, machine learning, and particularly deep learning, has enabled rapid advances in clinical practice. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in rhinology is an increasingly relevant topic.

Atypical Presentation of Chronic Granulomatous Disease in a Neonate with a Pulmonary Granuloma Mimicking a Tumor: A Case Report.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an uncommon primary immune deficiency caused by phagocytes defective in oxygen metabolite production. It results in recurrent bacterial or fungal infections. Herein, we present a case of CGD with a large pulmonary granuloma in a neonate and review the imaging findings.

Comparative study between local anesthesia and general anesthesia in the treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

Background: There is increasing interest in non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). At present, this method is used in various types of thoracic surgery. Especially, simple wedge resection via VATS is thought to be an optimal indication of non-intubated VATS.

Increased CMTM6 can predict the clinical response to PD-1 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 6 (CMTM6) plays a crucial role in the stability of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). However, there has been no previous study of CMTM6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with PD-L1 has not been confirmed. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of CMTM6 and PD-L1 and to confirm their predictive roles for anti-PD-1 therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

ALDH1 expression correlates with an epithelial-like phenotype and favorable prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma: a study based on immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression data.

Purpose: Cancer stem cells (CSC) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways are crucial for cancer progression. However, synergistic interactions between CSC and EMT are not clear in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this study was to investigate CSC markers such as CD44, NANOG, and ALDH1 expression and its correlation with EMT markers in NSCLC patients.

PD-L1 protein expression in non-small-cell lung cancer and its relationship with the hypoxia-related signaling pathways: A study based on immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing data.

Objectives: Therapies that target programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have shown promising efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hypoxia-related genes are also important regulators of PD-L1, and the role of PD-L1 in NSCLC is still not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate PD-L1 expression and its correlation with hypoxic-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX) expression in NSCLC patients.

Amylase level in cervical drain fluid and anastomotic leakage after cervical oesophagogastrostomy.

Objectives: Anastomotic leakage after oesophageal cancer surgery is a serious complication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of anastomotic leakage by repeatedly measuring amylase levels in the fluid obtained from the drainage tube inserted at the cervical anastomotic site.

Methods: Ninety-nine patients who underwent oesophagectomy and cervical oesophagogastrostomy between April 2014 and March 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Impact of Subtended Myocardial Mass Assessed by Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography-Based Myocardial Segmentation.

Although decision-making for revascularization is based on the extent of ischemic myocardium, the prognostic implication of supplying myocardial territories has not yet been studied. To evaluate the clinical impact of the coronary artery-based myocardial segmentation (CAMS)-derived myocardial volume subtended to the poststenotic segment, and to determine clinically relevant coronary lesions, coronary computed tomography angiography, invasive coronary angiography, and preprocedure fractional flow reserve (FFR) data were analyzed in 664 deferred lesions (in 577 patients) and 401 treated lesions (in 369 patients) with drug-eluting stent implantation, respectively. Using CAMS method, the myocardial volume subtended to a stenotic coronary segment (V) was assessed.

Pulmonary Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia in a 33-Year-Old Woman.

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is a reactive lymphoproliferative disease. It is very rare, which means that many aspects of the disease are unknown or have not been proven. Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia can be symptomatic or asymptomatic, progressive or not, and solitary or multiple, and a surgical approach is the current treatment of choice.

The Differential Effects of Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation in an Neuronal Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive therapy that has been implicated in treatment of serious neurological disorders. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the effects of rTMS remain unclear. Therefore, this study examined the differential effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS) in an neuronal model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, depending on low and high frequency.

Incremental Value of Subtended Myocardial Mass for Identifying FFR-Verified Ischemia Using Quantitative CT Angiography: Comparison With Quantitative Coronary Angiography and CT-FFR.

Objectives: This study examined the incremental value of subtended myocardial mass (V) as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) for identifying lesion-specific ischemia verified by invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) in quantitative coronary CTA.

Background: FFR is determined not only by coronary stenosis severity, but also by V. One-step evaluation of combined V and coronary lesion morphology may improve the accuracy of coronary CTA for identifying ischemia-producing lesions.

Myocardial segmentation based on coronary anatomy using coronary computed tomography angiography: Development and validation in a pig model.

Objectives: To validate a method for performing myocardial segmentation based on coronary anatomy using coronary CT angiography (CCTA).

Methods: Coronary artery-based myocardial segmentation (CAMS) was developed for use with CCTA. To validate and compare this method with the conventional American Heart Association (AHA) classification, a single coronary occlusion model was prepared and validated using six pigs.

Postoperative change of the psoas muscle area as a predictor of survival in surgically treated esophageal cancer patients.

Background: Although a decrease in the psoas muscle area (PMA) has been reported as a risk factor for survival after esophagectomy in esophageal cancer, no previous studies have focused on the change in the PMA after surgery. We investigated the prognostic role of PMA changes in patients with surgically treated esophageal cancer.

Methods: Fifty-eight patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical resection and complete lymph node dissection were reviewed retrospectively.

Omental flap for treatment of dead space after left upper lobectomy due to aspergilloma.

Dead space formation in the thoracic cavity as a result of lung parenchymal resection is particularly prone to intra-thoracic infections, which are often hard to treat with systemic antibiotics; secondary interventions, such as thoracoplasty, eloesser flap, or muscle flap may be required to treat this complication. Alternatively, use of an omental flap represents an attractive option in cases of surgical cavities, due to the volumetric and immunologic advantages associated with the omentum. A 55-year-old male patient, who underwent left upper lobectomy due to an aspergilloma, was left with a surgical cavity that became infected with .

Vanishing Venous Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts after Sepsis.

The dehiscence of saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) is a rare, often fatal, complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We present the case of a 57-year-old man who underwent hemiarch graft interposition and CABG for a Stanford type A aortic dissection. Five months after discharge, the patient developed streptococcal sepsis caused by a hemodialysis catheter.

Patient-specific 17-segment myocardial modeling on a bull's eye map.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate cardiac computed tomog-raphy (CT) quantitative analysis software with a patient-specific, 17-segment myocardial model that uses electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated cardiac CT images to differentiate between normal controls and severe aortic stenosis (AS) patients. ECG-gated cardiac CT images from 35 normal controls and 144 AS patients were semiautomatically segmented to create a patient-specific, 17-segment myocardial model. Two experts then manually determined the anterior and posterior interven-tricular grooves to be boundaries between the 1st and 2nd segments and between the 3rd and 4th segments, respectively, to correct the model.

Prognostic value of preoperative total psoas muscle area on long-term outcome in surgically treated oesophageal cancer patients.

Objectives: Although a decrease in psoas muscle area (PMA) has been reported as a risk factor for survival in several malignancies, there have been few studies regarding its prognostic value in oesophageal cancer. We investigated the prognostic role of PMA and its F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in patients who had surgically treated oesophageal cancer.

Methods: From 2004 to 2013, 131 patients who underwent surgical resection and complete lymph node dissection for oesophageal cancer were retrospectively reviewed.