Silibinin alleviates house dust mite induced allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting NLRC4 inflammasome and MMP-9 expression.

Silibinin, a major compound of silymarin, has been reported to alleviate respiratory diseases including acute lung injury, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis through its antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects, particularly in allergic asthma, are not fully understood. With the increasing prevalence and impact of allergic asthma, there is a need to elucidate the exact underlying mechanisms of its potential treatment effects.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the neuroprotective effect of extract against Parkinson's disease in mouse.

Objective: To assess (ARE) neuroprotective function in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice and related genes.

Methods: Examined mRNA-DNA methylation changes induced by ARE in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) model's substantia nigra.

Results: ARE mitigated MPTP-induced motor impairment in rotarod and open field tests and preserved tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuronal cells in substantia nigra and striatum.

TXNIP regulates pulmonary inflammation induced by Asian sand dust.

Asian sand dust (ASD), a seasonal dust storm originating from the deserts of China and Mongolia, affects Korea and Japan during the spring, carrying soil particles and a variety of biochemical components. Exposure to ASD has been associated with the onset and exacerbation of respiratory disorders, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates ASD-induced pulmonary toxicity and its mechanistic pathways, focusing on the role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP).

Lectin histochemistry in the small intestines of piglets naturally infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.

Importance: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) binds to particular cell surface receptors to penetrate cells. The virus specifically identifies certain carbohydrate structures present on the surface of the cell to facilitate the binding process. Nevertheless, the influence of viral infections on specific alterations of glycoconjugates in the small intestines remains unexplored.

Anti-Amnesic Effect of on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice.

, a traditional Asian herbal medicine, is primarily used for digestive problems; yet, its cognitive benefits remain unexplored. This study evaluated the anti-amnesic effects of extract (ARE) on scopolamine (SCO)-induced memory impairment in mice. Mice received 100 or 200 mg/kg ARE orally for 5 days, followed by SCO injection.

Integrated Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in the Hippocampi of 5xFAD Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model.

Background: DNA methylation forms 5-methylcytosine and its regulation in the hippocampus is critical for learning and memory. Indeed, dysregulation of DNA methylation is associated with neurological diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the predominant of dementia and a neurodegenerative disorder.

Antiepileptic and Neuroprotective Effects of Root Extract on Trimethyltin-Induced Epilepsy and Neurodegeneration: and Analyses.

Background: root, cataloged as "" in the Korean Pharmacopeia, is rich in various anthraquinones known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Formulations containing are traditionally employed for treating neurological conditions. This study aimed to substantiate the antiepileptic and neuroprotective efficacy of root extract (RTE) against trimethyltin (TMT)-induced epileptic seizures and hippocampal neurodegeneration.

Protective effects of tauroursodeoxycholate against radiation-induced intestinal injury in a mouse model.

In patients with high-level radiation exposure, gastrointestinal injury is the main cause of death. Despite the severity of damage to the gastrointestinal tract, no specific therapeutic option is available. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a conjugated form of ursodeoxycholic acid that suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and regulates various cell-signaling pathways.

Possible association of G6PC2 and MUC6 induced by low‑dose‑rate irradiation in mouse intestine with inflammatory bowel disease.

Although there are several types of radiation exposure, it is debated whether low‑dose‑rate (LDR) irradiation (IR) affects the body. Since the small intestine is a radiation‑sensitive organ, the present study aimed to evaluate how it changes when exposed to LDR IR and identify the genes sensitive to these doses. After undergoing LDR (6.

Identifying candidate genes associated with hippocampal dysfunction in a hemiparkinsonian rat model by transcriptomic profiling.

Parkinson's disease (PD) often results in hippocampal dysfunction, which leads to cognitive and emotional challenges and synaptic irregularities. This study attempted to assess behavioral anomalies and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within the hippocampus of a hemiparkinsonian rat model to potentially uncover novel genetic candidates linked to hippocampal dysfunction. Striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) infusions were performed unilaterally in the brains of adult SD rats, while dopaminergic impairments were verified in rats with 6-OHDA-lesioned striata.

Simple modeling of familial Alzheimer's disease using human pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoid technology.

Background: Cerebral organoids (COs) are the most advanced in vitro models that resemble the human brain. The use of COs as a model for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as other brain diseases, has recently gained attention. This study aimed to develop a human AD CO model using normal human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that recapitulates the pathological phenotypes of AD and to determine the usefulness of this model for drug screening.

Anti-Atopic Effect of and on Atopic Dermatitis-like Lesions in Mice by Experimental Verification and Compound-Target Prediction.

Georgi and Linne herbal mixture (SRE) is a Chinese herbal medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of SRE as an active ingredient for 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) and to predict the underlying therapeutic mechanisms and involved pathways using network pharmacological analysis. Treatment with SRE accelerated the development of AD-like lesions, improving thickness and edema of the epidermis.

Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the brain. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis (MS), successfully mimicking its key pathological features (inflammation, demyelination, axonal loss, and gliosis) and clinical symptoms (motor and non-motor dysfunctions). Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE pathogenesis.

The effects of Pycnogenol, a pine bark extract on pulmonary inflammation by Asian sand dust in mice.

Asian sand dust (ASD), also called China dust or yellow dust, mainly occurs in East Asia during spring and autumn. Because ASD enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, it can cause respiratory disorders or worsen underlying diseases. Because of this, it has become an important health concern that threatens the well-being of humans and animals.

Integrated Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is common and affected by several factors, such as age, weight, sex, and genetics. The pathogenesis of OA remains unclear. Therefore, using a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA, we examined genomic-wide DNA methylation using methyl-seq and characterized the transcriptome using RNA-seq in the articular cartilage tissue from a negative control (NC) and MIA-induced rats.

Dopamine depletion alters neuroplasticity-related signaling in the rat hippocampus.

Dopamine (DA) plays a significant role in regulating hippocampal function, particularly in modulating synaptic plasticity. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroplasticity-related signaling influenced by DA remains incomplete. This study aimed to elucidate the changes in the expression of key molecules related to hippocampal neuroplasticity following DA depletion in rats.

Immunohistochemical analysis of extracellular signal-regulated kinase expression in mature and immature bulls' testes and epididymides.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has been implicated in mammalian testicular and epididymal development. This study aimed to investigate ERK expression in the immature and mature testes and epididymides of bulls. We evaluated ERK expression using immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry.

Comparative Morphology of Island and Inland Agastache rugosa and Their Gastroprotective Effects in EtOH/HCl-Induced Gastric Mucosal Gastritis.

Kuntze (Lamiaceae; Labiatae), a medicinal and functional herb used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, grows well both on islands and inland areas in South Korea. Thus, we aimed to reveal the morphological and micromorphological differences between grown on island and inland areas and their pharmacological effects on gastritis in an animal model by combining morphological and mass spectrophotometric analyses. Morphological analysis showed that island had slightly smaller plants and leaves than inland plants; however, the density of all types of trichomes on the leaves, petioles, and stems of island was significantly higher than that of inland plants.

Particulate matter exposure and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive update on toxicity and mechanisms.

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a range of health impacts, including neurological abnormalities that affect neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and behavior. Recently, there has been growing interest in investigating the possible relationship between PM exposure and the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, the precise mechanism by which PM affects neurodegeneration is still unclear, even though several epidemiological and animal model studies have provided mechanistic insights.

Biological dosimetry dose-response curves for residents living near nuclear power plants in South Korea.

The purpose of this study was to establish the dose-response curves for biological dosimetry of the Dong Nam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences to monitor radiation exposure of local residents in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant. The blood samples of five healthy volunteers were irradiated with gamma ray, and each sample was divided equally for analysis of chromosomal aberrations by Giemsa staining and three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization painting of the triplet (chromosomes #1, #2, and #4). The results of chromosomal aberrations followed the Poisson distribution in all individual and averaged data which include inter-individual variation in radiation susceptibility.

(L.) Kuntze Extract Attenuates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma by Regulating Airway Inflammation and Mucus Hypersecretion.

Asthma is a pulmonary disease induced by the inhalation of aeroallergens and subsequent inappropriate immune responses. (L.) Kuntze has been evaluated as an effective antioxidant supplement produced from bioactive compounds, including flavonoids.