Mouthguard-effect of high-intensity weight training on masticatory muscle tone and stiffness in taekwondo athletes.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of wearing a mouthguard or not on masticatory muscle tone and stiffness of male taekwondo athletes during high-intensity weight training. The participants were male taekwondo athletes and aged 18 to 22 years. We randomly divided 24 men into the control group (CON; without a mouthguard; n=12) and the experimental group (MOG; with a mouthguard; n=12).

The immediate effect of FES and TENS on gait parameters in patients after stroke.

[Purpose] This study was conducted to compare the immediate effects of different electrotherapies on the gait parameters for stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty patients with stroke were randomly assigned either to the functional electrical stimulation group or the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group, with 15 patients in each group. Each electrotherapy was performed for 30 minutes simultaneously with the therapeutic exercise, and the changes in the spatial and temporal parameters of gait were measured.

An analysis on muscle tone and stiffness of posterior cervical region during sling and plinth on static prone position.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze changes in muscle tone and stiffness in the posterior cervical region of individuals in a static prone position in a sling or on a plinth. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four men in their 20s were divided into a sling group and a plinth group, and their changes in muscle tone and stiffness over time in the upper cervical region, lower cervical region, and upper trapezius muscles during a static prone position were measured. [Results] The sling group showed increases in the mean values of muscle tone and stiffness in the upper cervical region immediately after the suspension.

The immediate effect of diaphragm taping with breathing exercise on muscle tone and stiffness of respiratory muscles and SpO in stroke patient.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the immediate effects of diaphragm taping with breathing exercise on the tone and stiffness in the respiratory muscles of patient with stroke. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 28 subjects, 14 in the diaphragm taping with breathing exercise group and 14 in the breathing exercise group, were administered respective intervention methods. Subsequently, the muscle tone and stiffness in upper trapezius, scalene, external oblique abdominal and ractus abdominis muscle of both the respiratory muscles were measured.

Therapeutic effects of massage and electrotherapy on muscle tone, stiffness and muscle contraction following gastrocnemius muscle fatigue.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of a combined intervention consisting of massage therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on gastrocnemius muscle fatigue, assessing whether the intervention improved muscle tone, stiffness, and muscle contraction. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 20 healthy males in their 20s who were equally divided into a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group and a combined therapy group that received a combination of massage therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Muscle fatigue was triggered on the gastrocnemius muscle, and the effects of intervention method on muscle tone, stiffness, and muscle contraction were examined over time.

Immediate effects of kinematic taping on lower extremity muscle tone and stiffness in flexible flat feet.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the immediate effects of kinematic taping on the tone and stiffness in the leg muscles of subjects with flexible flat feet. [Subjects and Methods] A total of 30 subjects, 15 in the kinematic taping and 15 in the sham taping group, were administered respective taping interventions. Subsequently, the foot pressure and the tone and stiffness in the tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, medial gastrocnemius, and the long head of the biceps femoris muscles of both the lower extremities were measured.

The immediate effect of PNF pattern on muscle tone and muscle stiffness in chronic stroke patient.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on muscle tone and muscle stiffness in stroke patients. [ Subjects and Methods] The subjects consisted of 15 patients with chronic stroke (stroke group) and 15 healthy persons (healthy group). We measured the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation intervention on the lower extremity using a muscle tone measurement device; this detected changes in muscle tone and stiffness in the lower extremity muscles.

The effect of SSP therapy on elderly nursing home residents' chronic constipation.

[Purpose] The aim of the present study is to examine the effects of silver spike point therapy on elderly persons' chronic constipation. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of the present study were 30 elderly chronic-constipation sufferers who resided in a nursing home and had other physical conditions that necessitated wheelchair ambulation. There were three test groups in the present study: an silver spike point group, an acupuncture group, and a control group; 10 subjects were assigned to each group.

Effect of joint mobilization and stretching on respiratory function and spinal movement in very severe COPD with thoracic kyphosis.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of joint mobilization and stretching of the thoracic cage for very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on a patient with thoracic kyphosis. [Subject and Methods] The subject is a 73-year-old female COPD patient with thoracic kyphosis. The intervention methods were comprised of joint mobilization and stretching.

An analysis on muscle tone of lower limb muscles on flexible flat foot.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine differences in the muscle tone and stiffness of leg muscles according to types of flexible flat foot. [Subjects and Methods] For 30 subjects 10 in a normal foot group (NFG), 10 in group with both flexible flat feet (BFFG), and 10 in a group with flexible flat feet on one side (OFFG), myotonometry was used to measure the muscle tone and stiffness of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA), the rectus femoris muscle (RF), the medial gastrocnemius (MG), and the long head of the biceps femoris muscle (BF) of both lower extremities. [Results] In the measurement results, only the stiffness of TA and MG of the NFG and the BFFG showed significant differences.

Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on masticatory muscles in elderly stroke patients.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on masticatory muscle activation in elderly stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects included 20 elderly patients diagnosed with stroke and 10 healthy elderly individuals. The neuromuscular electrical stimulation group received stimulation on the masseter muscle in the affected side for 30 min each day, 3 times per week for 8 weeks.

The effects of isometric trunk exercises and dynamic trunk exercises on gait in elderly people.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dynamic trunk exercises and isometric trunk exercises on gait in elderly people. [Subjects] This study randomly allocated 20 elderly people to an isometric trunk exercise group (n=10) and a dynamic trunk exercise group (n=10). The exercises were performed for 30 minutes three times a week for 12 weeks.

Effect of joint mobilization using KEOMT and PNF on a patient with CLBP and a lumbar transitional vertebra: a case study.

[Purpose] The purpose of this case study was to identify the effects of joint mobilization using Kaltenborn-Evjenth orthopedic manual therapy (KEOMT) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) techniques on a patient with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and a lumbar transitional vertebra. [Methods] The intervention methods were joint mobilization using KEOMT and PNF techniques. The program consisted of 40-min sessions 3 days a week for 4 weeks.

Thoracic coupled motions of korean men in good health in their 20s.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate thoracic coupled motions of 20 Korean young individuals. [Methods] Thoracic motion of twenty healthy male college students aged 23.2±3.