Association of early-onset diabetes with socioeconomic, and health factors: a matched case-control study controlling for age, gender, and BMI.

Objectives: This study examines the link between early-onset diabetes and health factors in South Korean young adults (20-39) using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2020).

Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted in 2022 with 103 patients with diabetes and 103 controls, matched by age, gender, and BMI. All data, including socioeconomic status (income, education, occupation), health behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity), and medical histories, were extracted from the KNHANES database.

Metabolic targets in the Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A short thematic review.

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a chronic autonomic condition hallmarked by orthostatic intolerance and tachycardia in the upright position. POTS impacts approximately 1-3 million people in the U.S.

Preliminary clinical evaluation of the treatment efficacy of a temperature-adjustable cryotherapy device for chronic, recurrent blepharitis in dogs.

Objective: To preliminarily evaluate the treatment efficacy of a temperature-adjustable cryotherapy device for chronic, recurrent blepharitis in dogs.

Animals Studied: Five dogs (eight eyes) of different breeds with blepharitis, which was unresponsive to systemic steroids.

Procedures: The dogs were subjected to ophthalmic examination, including Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), tear film break-up time (TFBUT) test, and slit-lamp biomicroscope examination.

Red blood cell transfusion for critically ill patients admitted through the emergency department in South Korea.

Background: Red blood cells (RBCs) are a limited resource, and the adverse effects of transfusion must be considered. Multiple randomized controlled trials on transfusion thresholds have been conducted, leading to the establishment of a restrictive transfusion strategy. This study aimed to investigate the status of RBC transfusions in critically ill patients.

Effects of intracameral tissue plasminogen activator injection on posterior capsular opacification, fibrin formation, and intraocular pressure in dogs after phacoemulsification.

Objective: To evaluate whether intracameral tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) injection is effective in regulating posterior capsular opacification (PCO), fibrin formation and intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery.

Animal Studied: Prospective study involving 30 eyes of 21 dogs that underwent phacoemulsification.

Procedures: Thirty eyes were randomly divided into two groups of 15 eyes (control and tPA groups).

Risk prediction of multiple-station N2 metastasis in patients with upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

To investigate long-term outcomes and develop a risk model for pathological multi-station N2 (pN2b) in patients who underwent upfront surgery for clinical single-station N2 (cN2a) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). From 2006 to 2018, 547 patients who had upfront surgery for suspected cN2a NSCLC underwent analysis. A risk model for predicting pN2b metastasis was developed using preoperative clinical variables via multivariable logistic analysis.

Single point insulin sensitivity estimator index for identifying metabolic syndrome in US adults: NHANES 2017-march 2020.

Purpose: Single Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) index was recently introduced as a reliable indirect indicator of insulin resistance, applicable to large population-based research. Here, we aimed to 1) examine racial/ethnic differences in SPISE index among US adults, 2) compare predictive power of SPISE index for metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) by race/ethnicity, and 3) evaluate its predictive power for MetSyn against other well-known IR indices including Triglyceride/HDL-C, Triglyceride-glucose index, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and inverse fasting insulin.

Methods: A total of 2168 adults (814 white, 690 black, and 664 Hispanic) from NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-Pandemic Data was analyzed in this study.

Luminescent CsPbBr Quantum Dots Centered on the Octahedral PbBr Cluster within Zeolite LTA: Exploring the Edge of Three-Dimensional Crystal Structure and Its Stability.

The perovskite quantum dots (QDs) of CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, I) exhibit exceptional photoluminescent properties, but their sensitivity to moisture and heat poses a challenge. This study presents a solvent-free synthesis approach for incorporating CsPbBr perovskite QDs into zeolite A. The introduction of [CsPbBr] perovskite QDs into the zeolite framework resulted in a highly stable configuration, maintaining its initial luminescence properties even after being underwater or exposed to heat.

Antimicrobial activity of cell-free supernatant derived from SWLA-1 in a novel canine corneal infection model.

Introduction: Canine bacterial keratitis is a corneal infection that causes various symptoms, including visual impairment, and necessitates eye removal in severe cases. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a pathogen that causes significant bacterial keratitis in canine patients. Moreover, multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MDRSP) has been reported in both humans and animals.

A novel method of evaluating the non-invasive tear film break-up time and progression of corneal opacification in dogs using imaging video.

This study aimed to determine the correlation of the parameters that indicate the status of the ocular surface with the prognosis of corneal opacification. Fifty dogs (96 eyes) were examined using a grid-line illuminator (non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT)). Thirty dogs (54 eyes) were included in the final analysis based on the criteria.

Endotension Following Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: Retrospective Review of Treatment and Clinical Outcome.

Purpose: : Endotension is a rare late complication characterized by an increase in sac size without any type of endoleak following endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Due to its rarity, few studies have demonstrated the mechanism behind and the management of endotension. In this study, we aimed to better understand the treatment and the long-term outcome of endotension in a single-center cohort.

Defect engineered ternary metal spinel-type Ni-Fe-Co oxide as bifunctional electrocatalyst for overall electrochemical water splitting.

Transition metal spinel oxides were engineered with active elements as bifunctional water splitting electrocatalysts to deliver superior intrinsic activity, stability, and improved conductivity to support green hydrogen production. In this study, we reported the ternary metal Ni-Fe-Co spinel oxide electrocatalysts prepared by defect engineering strategy with rich and deficient Na ions, termed NFCO-Na and NFCO, which suggest the formation of defects with Na forming tensile strain. The Na-rich NiFeCoO spinel oxide reveals lattice expansion, resulting in the formation of a defective crystal structure, suggesting higher electrocatalytic active sites.

Structurally engineered highly efficient electrocatalytic performance of 3-dimensional Mo/Ni chalcogenides for boosting overall water splitting performance.

Hydrogen production from water splitting combined with renewable electricity can provide a viable solution to the energy crisis. A novel MoS/NiS/NiS heterostructure is designed as a bifunctional electrocatalyst by facile hydrothermal method to demonstrate excellent electrocatalytic performance towards overall water splitting applications. MoS/NiS/NiS heterostructure necessitates a low overpotential of 81 mV and 210 mV to attain a current density of 10 mA cm during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively.

Sialylated IVIg promotes clinical improvements in a rabbit dry eye model by regulating inflammatory cytokines.

Dry eye disease (DED) is caused by a loss of homeostasis of the tear film, which results in visual disturbance, ocular surface inflammation and damage, and neurosensory abnormalities. Although it is prevalent in 5-50% of the global population, there are limited clinical options for its treatment. This study explored the potential use of human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and its enriched fractions of sialylation, sialylated IVIg (sIVIg), as a treatment for DED.

Tear clearance rate in dogs: Measurement using anterior segment optical coherence tomography.

Objective: The tear clearance rate (TCR), determined using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images, and its correlation with ocular surface parameters, including blink rate, Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1) and tear film breakup time (TFBUT), were evaluated.

Animals Studied: Left eyes of 20 client-owned dogs with no ocular disease symptoms.

Procedures: The tear meniscus height (TMH) was evaluated using AS-OCT images before the instillation of 5 μL saline (TMH ), immediately post-instillation (TMH ), 30-s post-instillation (TMH ) and at 1 min intervals for 5 min post-instillation (TMH , TMH , TMH , TMH and TMH ).

Estimating insulin sensitivity and β-cell function from the oral glucose tolerance test: validation of a new insulin sensitivity and secretion (ISS) model.

Efficient and accurate methods to estimate insulin sensitivity () and β-cell function (BCF) are of great importance for studying the pathogenesis and treatment effectiveness of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Existing methods range in sensitivity, input data, and technical requirements. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) are preferred because they are simpler and more physiological than intravenous methods.

Roles of Heterojunction and Cu Vacancies in the Au@CuSe for the Enhancement of Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Performance.

The utilization of hydrogen (H) as a fuel source is hindered by the limited infrastructure and storage requirements. In contrast, ammonia (NH) offers a promising solution as a hydrogen carrier due to its high energy density, liquid storage capacity, low cost, and sustainable manufacturing. NH has garnered significant attention as a key component in the development of next-generation refueling stations, aligning with the goal of a carbon-free economy.

The effect of a short-term ketogenic diet on exercise efficiency during graded exercise in healthy adults.

Objective: We examined the effects of short-term KD on exercise efficiency and hormonal response during and after the graded exercise testing.

Methods: Fourteen untrained healthy adults (8 males, 6 females, age 26.4 ± 3.

Outcomes after Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement in Children with Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: The optimal choice of valve substitute for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in pediatric patients remains a matter of debate. This study investigated the outcomes following AVR using mechanical prostheses in children.

Methods: Forty-four patients younger than 15 years who underwent mechanical AVR from March 1990 through March 2023 were included.

Randomized comparison of in vivo performance of TearLab® and I-PEN® osmometry in normal dogs.

Objective: To compare tear film (TF) osmolarity measured using TearLab® and I-PEN® osmometers in the same dogs without any ocular surface disease.

Animal Studied: Fifty-two dogs (98 eyes) of different breeds were evaluated.

Procedures: Tear film (TF) osmolarity was evaluated at 2-min intervals.

Estimating Insulin Sensitivity and Beta-Cell Function from the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: Validation of a new Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion (ISS) Model.

Efficient and accurate methods to estimate insulin sensitivity (S) and beta-cell function (BCF) are of great importance for studying the pathogenesis and treatment effectiveness of type 2 diabetes. Many methods exist, ranging in input data and technical requirements. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) are preferred because they are simpler and more physiological.