1.6-Inch Transparent Micro-Display with Pixel Circuit Integrated microLED Chip Array by Misalignment-Free Transfer.

Recent advances in mass transfer technology are expected to bring next-generation micro light-emitting diodes (µLED) displays into reality, although reliable integration of the active-matrix backplane with the transferred µLEDs remains as a challenge. Here, the µLED display technology is innovated by demonstrating pixel circuit-integrated micro-LEDs (PIMLEDs) and integrating them onto a transparent glass substrate. The PIMLED comprises of low-temperature poly-silicon transistors and GaN µLED.

Thermomechanical and Structural Analysis of WO Array for Optimized Photoelectrochemical Chloride Oxidation Performance.

Understanding the crystal structure of WO is essential for optimizing its photoelectrochemical performance. This study comprehensively analyzes the structural characteristics of WO during synthesis and investigates their correlation with photoelectrochemical activity. Structural analysis, incorporating annealing procedure and WO thickness, identifies a blend of hexagonal, monoclinic, and orthorhombic phases within WO array.

Posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with long duration: Heavy or light cupula?

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of positional nystagmus in posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) patients with longer durations, and to discuss the possible underlying mechanism of this nystagmus.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review, and enrolled 118 consecutive patients with unilateral PSCC BPPV. The duration of nystagmus during a Dix-Hallpike test was classified into short (<1 min) and long (≥1 min) durations.

Spontaneous Nystagmus in Patients With Posterior Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of spontaneous nystagmus (SN) in posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and its effect on treatment outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Vestibular Schwannoma Presenting as Acute Vertigo Mimicking Vestibular Neuritis.

Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is commonly accompanied by hearing loss, tinnitus, and dizziness and tends to be chronically progressive in nature. We report a case of VS presenting as left vestibular neuritis (VN) in a previously healthy 57-year-old patient. Right-beating horizontal-torsional spontaneous nystagmus was observed, and the bedside head impulse test revealed a left catch-up saccade.

Olfactory training assists in olfactory recovery after sinonasal surgery.

Objectives: Olfactory dysfunction is a common complaint in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) in patients with CRS after sinonasal surgery.

Methods: We enrolled 111 patients with CRS who underwent sinonasal surgery.

Direction-changing spontaneous nystagmus in patients with dizziness.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical features of patients with direction-changing spontaneous nystagmus (DCSN) and gain insight into its underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Medical records and vestibular function test results collected in our dizziness clinic between February 2013 and February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Spontaneous nystagmus was recorded while sitting upright using videonystagmography for 2 min to confirm the spontaneous changes in nystagmus direction.

New Therapeutic Maneuver for Horizontal Semicircular Canal Cupulolithiasis: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Background: There are debates on whether mastoid oscillation has any benefit or harm in treating horizontal semicircular canal (HSCC) cupulolithiasis. The goal of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of the new maneuver using only inertia and gravity and compare it with the previously reported cupulolith repositioning maneuver using mastoid vibration (CuRM).

Methods: We enrolled 57 patients diagnosed with HSCC cupulolithiasis.

A Retrospective CT Analysis for Prelacrimal Window Access to Maxillary Sinus.

Background And Objectives: The prelacrimal window approach (PLWA) is useful for treating anterior maxillary sinus lesions. A previous study reported that the feasibility of PLWA in Chinese patients was 93.0%, which is higher than that in the European population (68.

Effects of Olfactory Training in Patients With Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction.

Objectives: Postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) is the most common etiology of olfactory dysfunction, and olfactory training (OT) is an accepted treatment modality for PIOD. Some studies have investigated OT in Korean patients, but they involved odorants unfamiliar to Koreans or had no control group. The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of OT in PIOD patients, using odorants familiar to Koreans and including a control group.

Facile Synthesis of BiVO for Visible-Light-Induced C-C Bond Cleavage of Alkenes to Generate Carbonyls.

BiVO crystals synthesized by an ultrasonic-assisted method (Sono-BiVO ) showed improved efficiency as a heterogeneous photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation. Sono-BiVO was successfully used for the C-C bond cleavage of alkenes to generate carbonyl compounds. Styrene derivatives were converted into carbonyl compounds in the presence of Sono-BiVO under highly sustainable conditions requiring only natural sources, that is, molecular oxygen, visible light, and water at room temperature.

Ultrasonic-assisted preparation of a pinhole-free BiVO photoanode for enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation.

A pinhole-free BiVO4 electrode was successfully synthesized using an ultrasonic-assisted synthetic method on a conductive substrate. The pinhole-free BiVO4 electrode showed highly improved photoelectrochemical activity for both sulfite oxidation and water oxidation. The blocking recombination processes were examined to clarify the enhanced photoelectrochemical performances.

Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28 893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005.

Objectives: Changes in the pattern of gastrointestinal diseases in a population tend to be influenced by changes in diet and lifestyle. Shifts in gastrointestinal disease from 1995 to 2005 in Korea were evaluated, retrospectively.

Methods: Seventeen nationwide medical centers participated in this study.

Clinical spectrum of reflux esophagitis among 25,536 Koreans who underwent a health check-up: a nationwide multicenter prospective, endoscopy-based study.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux is a commonly encountered condition, but detailed data on reflux symptoms in Asian countries are lacking.

Goals: To evaluate the prevalence and to document the clinical spectrum of endoscopic reflux esophagitis (RE).

Study: A total 25,536 subjects underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination as part of a health check, and completed a gastroesophageal reflux questionnaire.

Lafutidine versus lansoprazole in combination with clarithromycin and amoxicillin for one versus two weeks for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Korea.

Background And Aims: Lafutidine is a novel H(2)-receptor antagonist with gastroprotective activity that includes enhancement of gastric mucosal blood flow. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of 7- or 14-day lafutidine-clarithromycin-amoxicillin therapy versus a lansoprazole-based regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Methods: Four hundred and sixty-three patients with H.

Initial thrombocytopenia as a simple, valuable predictor for clinical manifestation in acute hepatitis A.

Objective: Although acute hepatitis A (AH-A) is usually self-limited, the clinical manifestations can vary from mild to severe liver dysfunction. However, little is known about the simple, valuable predictors for clinical manifestation in AH-A. The objective of this study was to identify the simple clinical predictors for severe liver dysfunction and its clinical course.

Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in the Songpa-Kangdong district, Seoul, Korea, 1986-2005: a KASID study.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are considered rare diseases in developing countries. We have evaluated the incidence and prevalence of CD and UC over time in a district of Seoul, Korea.

Methods: A population-based study was performed from 1986 to 2005 in the Songpa-Kangdong district of Seoul.

Can we predict the development of ischemic colitis among patients with lower abdominal pain?

Purpose: This study was performed to find clinical risk factors for developing ischemic colitis in patients experiencing lower abdominal discomfort with or without bloody diarrhea.

Methods: A total of 467 patients who underwent sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy because of lower abdominal discomforts with or without blood in stool were consecutively enrolled; 147 patients were diagnosed endoscopically and histologically as having ischemic colitis. The control group was composed of the remaining 320 patients with nonspecific endoscopic/histologic findings.

Commercial scale fabrication method for fabricating a gradient refractive-index rod: Overcoming volume shrinkage and chemical restrictions.

We report a fabrication method for a gradient refractive-index polymeric object from a binary comonomer system, regardless of the monomers' reactivity ratio and the molar volume criteria of gradient refractive-index development. To fabricate a large gradient refractive-index rod consisting of a methyl methacrylate and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate comonomer pair that has not been used for fabrication of a copolymer gradient refractive-index rod by previous conventional methods because of chemical restrictions in molar volume and reactivity ratio difference, we use the so-called successive UV polymerization in a controlled radial volume in conjunction with an automatic refill reactor. Simultaneously and automatically, the volume shrinkage problem, an inevitable shortcoming for the fabrication of a large polymeric object in a commercial production scale, is overcome and exploited.

[A case of iatrogenic tension pneumoperitoneum following colonoscopy in a patient with cytomegalovirus colitis].

Perforation of the colon occurs in 0.2 to 2% of all colonoscopic examinations. The most common sites of perforation are rectosigmoid junction and cecal area.

Prevalence of occult HBV infection among subjects with normal serum ALT levels in Korea.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of occult HBV infection among subjects with normal serum ALT levels in South Korea.

Methods: A total of 195 serum samples were collected from subjects without a past history of alcohol abuse and with normal serum ALT levels. They were negative for HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV.

[A case of peritoneal mesothelioma without a history of asbestos exposure].

Peritoneal mesothelioma is an unusual disease which diffusely involves the peritoneal surface. The incidence is approximately one per 1,000,000, and one fifth to one third of all mesothelioma are peritoneal in origin. Asbestos exposure is linked to the development of peritoneal mesothelioma as a significant etiology, but further investigation should be conducted.

Clinical predictors for delirium tremens in alcohol dependence.

Background And Aims: This study was aimed to find clinical predictors for developing delirium tremens (DT) in alcohol dependence.

Methods: This cohort study was retrospectively carried out among patients who were diagnosed as having alcohol dependence between January 2001 and July 2004. Fifteen parameters were compared between patients who developed DT and ones who did not.

Responsiveness to interferon alpha in chronic hepatitis B by presumed vertical transmission.

This study was to evaluate responsiveness to IFN-alpha and investigate the benefits of sustained response (SR) in patients who were presumed as being vertically transmitted in Korea. A total of 46 patients of presumed vertical transmission with biopsy-proven HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection were treated with IFN-alpha and followed. We tried to find the factors associated with SR and compared the cumulative rate of HCC and survival between SR group and non-sustained/non-responder (NSR) group.

Association of polymorphism of IL-10 and TNF-A genes with gastric cancer in Korea.

We performed this study to determine the role of polymorphisms of the IL-10 and TNF-alpha promoter genes in the carcinogenesis/pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) and peptic ulcer diseases (PUD) in Korea. A total of 232 patients with gastric diseases and 120 healthy controls were included. Polymorphisms of IL-10-1082/-592 gene and TNF-A-308 gene were genotyped by PCR-RFLP.