Enhancing Lymph Node Metastasis Risk Prediction in Early Gastric Cancer Through the Integration of Endoscopic Images and Real-World Data in a Multimodal AI Model.

The accurate prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is crucial for determining treatment strategies for early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) to predict LNM including LVI in EGC using real-world data. A deep learning-based CDSS was developed by integrating endoscopic images, demographic data, biopsy pathology, and CT findings from the data of 2927 patients with EGC across five institutions.

High-resolution 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and post-processing for 3-dimensional reconstruction of the membranous labyrinth in healthy adults.

The membranous labyrinth of the inner ear is a complex network of endolymph-filled structures critical for auditory and vestibular function. Pathological distension of these spaces, termed endolymphatic hydrops (EH), is associated with disorders such as Ménière's disease (MD). However, diagnosing inner ear pathologies remains challenging due to limitations in traditional imaging techniques, which lack the spatial resolution required to assess these intricate structures.

Microbial metabolites control self-renewal and precancerous progression of human cervical stem cells.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female cancer, with the uterine ectocervix being the most commonly affected site. However, cervical stem cells, their differentiation, and their regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we report the isolation of a population enriched for human cervical stem cells and their regulatory mechanisms.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Dengue Fever.

Unlabelled: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome often misdiagnosed due to its rarity and overlapping symptoms with sepsis or organ dysfunction. This case report describes a 52-year-old male who developed dengue-induced HLH after traveling to Barbados, presenting with multi-organ failure and laboratory abnormalities, including hyperferritinaemia and elevated IL-2R. Diagnosed via bone marrow biopsy, he was treated with corticosteroids and the IL-1R antagonist anakinra, leading to recovery.

Comparative Analysis of Lamina Parameters in Non-glaucomatous Eyes With and Without Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome.

Objective: To compare lamina cribrosa (LC) parameters in non-glaucomatous eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXFS) and healthy control eyes to assess structural alterations that may contribute to early glaucoma pathophysiology.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Participants: Fifty eyes with non-glaucomatous PXFS and 50 healthy, age-matched control eyes.

Exploring US college students' perceived credibility of the world's largest tobacco company's promise for smoke-free future.

Objective: Philip Morris International's Smoke-Free Future (SFF) campaign pledged to replace conventional cigarettes with smoke-free alternatives, promoting smokers' health and combating smoking-related misinformation.

Method: We interviewed 25 college students to assess their perceived credibility of SFF messages and interest in smoke-free products.

Results: Nearly half couldn't identify a tobacco company as the message source, speculating it came from public health entities.

2,514 Cases of Thoracoabdominal and Descending Thoracic Aorta Surgery: Strategies Associated with Improved Survival, Stroke and Paraplegia.

Background: Despite the remarkable outcome of open thoracoabdominal aortic repairs of high-volume aortic centers, generalized result that spans diverse clinical settings are needed in the era of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). This study explored the national real-world data focusing on the impact of cumulative surgical volume on the operative outcomes.

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database, the cohort included adult patients who underwent open thoracoabdominal or descending thoracic aortic aneurysm repairs from 2008 to 2020.

The prognostic value of preoperative CAD-RADS classification in patients undergoing isolated aortic valve surgery.

To investigate the association between preoperative coronary artery disease (CAD) severity, as classified by the Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS), and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR). A total of 897 patients (452 women; mean age, 66.1 ± 9.

Cost Utility Analysis of National Cancer Screening Program for Gastric Cancer in Korea: A Markov Model Analysis.

Background: The Korean National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for gastric cancer requires economic evaluation due to the low sensitivity of upper gastrointestinal series (UGIs) and the associated low cancer survival rate. This study aimed to ascertain the most cost-effective strategy for the NCSP.

Methods: The hypothetical target population of this study was aged 40 years or older, and no actual participants were involved.

ZLDI-8 facilitates pexophagy by ROS-mediated activation of TFEB and ATM in HeLa cells.

Autophagy-mediated organelle quality control is vital for cellular homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying selective autophagy of peroxisomes, known as pexophagy, are less well understood than those of other organelles, such as mitochondria. In this study, we screened a phosphatase inhibitor library using a cell-based system and identified several potent pexophagy inducers, including ZLDI-8, a known inhibitor of lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase.

Complete genome sequence of the NCCP 11854 isolated from a food-poisoning patient in the Republic of Korea.

is the etiological agent of skin diseases and food poisoning. In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of NCCP 11854, which was originally isolated from the pus of a food-poisoning patient in the Republic of Korea in 2009.

Virgibacillus saliphilus sp. nov. and Virgibacillus salidurans sp. nov., isolated from kimchi.

This study aimed to provide a taxonomic description of two bacterial strains, NKC19-3T and NKC19-16T, isolated from commercially produced kimchi obtained from various regions within the Republic of Korea. Both strains were rod-shaped, gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, and displayed positive reactions for oxidase and catalase. Additionally, these bacteria were motile, halophilic (salt-tolerant), and proliferated under alkaline conditions.

Preoperative diabetes duration and long-term outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Background: The association between preoperative diabetes mellitus (DM) duration and outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between DM duration at the time of CABG and long-term outcomes, particularly in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Methods: Using data from South Korea's National Health Insurance Service database, the study included adult patients who underwent first-time isolated CABG with an acute myocardial infarction diagnosis between 2005 and 2021.

Changes in optic nerve head microvasculature following disc hemorrhage absorption in glaucomatous eyes.

This study investigated the changes in optic nerve head (ONH) microvasculature, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness, and visual field (VF) sensitivity following the absorption of optic disc hemorrhage (DH). Intradisc vessel density (dVD) was calculated using a 3 × 3 mm optic disc scan in 60 eyes of 60 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and DH who had undergone two or more swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography exams. Clinical parameters at the time of DH occurrence and after absorption, as well as those between the subgroups based on DH recurrence and location, were compared.

Website Transparency and Information Dissemination Among Urology Residency Programs.

Objective: To evaluate the transparency and quality of information dissemination among urology residency program websites and provide a checklist. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, urology residency programs have had to adjust their typical practices, including the adoption of virtual recruiting. Such efforts have included improving program websites, which are often the starting point for potential applicants to obtain information about programs.

Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine.

Background: In this phase 3 trial of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3-Mat), a higher rate of preterm birth was observed in the vaccine (6.8%) versus the placebo group (4.9%).

Activation of lysophagy by a TBK1-SCF-TMEM192-TAX1BP1 axis in response to lysosomal damage.

Lysophagy eliminates damaged lysosomes and is crucial to cellular homeostasis; however, its underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood. We screen a ubiquitination-related compound library and determine that the substrate recognition component of the SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, SCF(FBXO3), which is a critical lysophagy regulator. Inhibition of FBXO3 reduces lysophagy and lysophagic flux in response to L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester (LLOMe).

Professional biobanking education in Korea based on ISO 20387.

To ensure high-quality bioresources and standardize biobanks, there is an urgent need to develop and disseminate educational training programs in accordance with ISO 20387, which was developed in 2018. The standardization of biobank education programs is also required to train biobank experts. The subdivision of categories and levels of education is necessary for jobs such as operations manager (bank president), quality manager, practitioner, and administrator.

Laser-Induced Phase Control of Morphotropic Phase Boundary Hafnium-Zirconium Oxide.

A novel approach to delicately control the phase of a ferroelectric has been developed using a continuous-wave laser scanning annealing (CW-LSA) process. After proper process optimization, the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 3.5 Å with a dielectric constant (κ) of 68 Å is achieved from HZO in a metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitor structure.

Cryogenic III-V and Nb electronics integrated on silicon for large-scale quantum computing platforms.

Quantum computers now encounter the significant challenge of scalability, similar to the issue that classical computing faced previously. Recent results in high-fidelity spin qubits manufactured with a Si CMOS technology, along with demonstrations that cryogenic CMOS-based control/readout electronics can be integrated into the same chip or die, opens up an opportunity to break out the challenges of qubit size, I/O, and integrability. However, the power consumption of cryogenic CMOS-based control/readout electronics cannot support thousands or millions of qubits.

Biopolymer chitosan-capped yttrium and cobalt dual-doped SnO as an advanced biodegradable photocatalyst for efficient organic pollutant degradation.

The improper handling and uncontrolled discharge of toxic organic dyes result in significant adverse effects on both human health and the environment. This study investigates the fabrication of SnO₂, yttrium and cobalt dual-doped SnO₂ (YCSn), chitosan-capped SnO₂ (CS*Sn), and chitosan-capped yttrium and cobalt dual-doped SnO₂ (CS*YCSn) nanoparticles using a one-step coprecipitation method for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. Characterization techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry confirm the successful synthesis of biodegradable CS*YCSn nanoparticles.

[Characteristics of Gastric Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma in Korea].

The prevalence of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in Korea has not been reported largely because, it is a relatively rare disease. Gastric MALT lymphoma is clinically important because of the high prevalence of () in Korea. The endoscopic findings of gastric MALT lymphoma are diverse, and it is often challenging to differentiate from gastric adenocarcinoma.

Effects of total microbiota-containing backslop from 450-day-fermented kimchi on microbe and metabolite dynamics.

This study examines the impact of the complex microbiota from long-term fermented kimchi, used as a backslop, on fermentation dynamics. The fermentation was conducted with autoclaved (group A) and non-autoclaved (NA) starter cultures. Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed with 16S rRNA gene V4 and ITS2 region, respectively, and metabolites were profiled using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Racial discrimination and depressive symptoms among Asian Americans: moderating effects of colorblind racial attitude and nativity.

Objectives: Anti-Asian American racism has negatively impacted Asian Americans' mental health. This study investigated how colorblind racial ideology moderates the relationship between COVID-19 racial discrimination and depressive symptoms among Asian Americans.

Design: Data come from an online survey conducted among 794 Asian Americans.