Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Based on Changes in Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels During First and Second Trimesters of Pregnancy in Women with Pregestational Diabetes: Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study in South Korea.

This study compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and assessed maternal and neonatal outcomes according to HbA1c variations among women with pregestational diabetes. This retrospective, multicenter Korean study involved mothers with diabetes who had given birth in 17 hospitals. A total of 292 women were divided into three groups based on HbA1c levels during the first and second trimesters: women with HbA1c levels maintained at <6.

Efficacy of large language models and their potential in Obstetrics and Gynecology education.

Objective: The performance of large language models (LLMs) and their potential utility in obstetric and gynecological education are topics of ongoing debate. This study aimed to contribute to this discussion by examining the recent advancements in LLM technology and their transformative potential in artificial intelligence.

Methods: This study assessed the performance of generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-3.

Subcutaneous Infliximab (CT-P13 SC) as Maintenance Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials (LIBERTY).

Background & Aims: CT-P13 subcutaneous (SC), an SC formulation of the intravenous (IV) infliximab biosimilar CT-P13 IV, creates a unique exposure profile. The LIBERTY studies aimed to demonstrate superiority of CT-P13 SC vs placebo as maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies were conducted in patients with moderately to severely active CD or UC and inadequate response or intolerance to corticosteroids and immunomodulators.

Resistance band training with functional electrical stimulation improves force control capabilities in older adults: a preliminary study.

Resistance band training (RBT) with functional electrical stimulation (FES) may be an effective exercise regimen for improving age-related motor impairments. This preliminary study investigated the potential effects of bimanual RBT with FES on upper limb motor functions in older adults. This study randomly assigned 22 elderly people to the bimanual RBT with FES (Bi-RBT+FES) group and the RBT without FES (Bi-RBT) group.

Effects of physical exercise interventions on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To determine whether physical exercise interventions can improve cognitive function, including overall performance and specific domains, in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to provide potential evidence on how cognitive benefits can be optimized by exercise prescriptions.

Methods: Using PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (from inception to August 2022), four independent reviewers screened the search results and extracted data from randomized controlled trials of physical exercise interventions in patients with PD with an outcome measure of cognitive function. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used to report standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

Reconstruction of Hand Dorsum Defect Using Double Perforators-Based Anterior Interosseous Artery Island Flap: A Case Report and Description of a New Anterior Interosseous Artery Perforator.

The anterior interosseous artery (AIA) perforator flap is not commonly used in hand dorsum reconstruction compared with alternatives. However, it is a versatile flap with several advantages. Literature on the AIA perforator flap is based on the dorsal septocutaneous branch (DSB), which branches from the AIA and passes through fascia between the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) and extensor pollicis brevis muscles.

Dual-hemisphere anodal transcranial direct current stimulation improves bilateral motor synergies.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the non-invasive brain stimulation techniques that can improve motor functions. As bimanual motor actions require high motor cortical activations between hemispheres, applying bilateral anodal stimulation on left and right sides of primary motor cortex (M1) can improve for improvements in bimanual motor tasks. This study investigated which bilateral tDCS protocol effectively improves bimanual hand-grip force control capabilities in healthy young adults.

Decidual lymphatic endothelial cell-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces M1 macrophage polarization via the NF-κB pathway in severe pre-eclampsia.

Problem: Direct interactions between macrophages and lymphatic vessels have been shown previously. In pre-eclampsia (PE), macrophages are dominantly polarized into a proinflammatory M1 phenotype and lymphangiogenesis is defective in the decidua. Here, we investigated whether decidual lymphatic endothelial cells (dLECs) affect macrophage polarization in PE.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improves cardiovascular autonomic nervous system control: A meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic system (ANS) may be affected by altered neural activations in the brain. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated potential effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols on cardiovascular ANS control.

Methods: Through 19 qualified studies, we acquired 70 comparisons for data synthesis.

Surgical treatment of postauricular hidradenitis suppurativa with delayed diagnosis: a case report and literature review.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory condition that is difficult to diagnose, with a period of 10.0± 9.6 years from symptom onset to diagnosis.

Feature Alignment by Uncertainty and Self-Training for Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation.

Most unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods assume that labeled source images are available during model adaptation. However, this assumption is often infeasible owing to confidentiality issues or memory constraints on mobile devices. Some recently developed approaches do not require source images during adaptation, but they show limited performance on perturbed images.

Altered Bimanual Kinetic and Kinematic Motor Control Capabilities in Older Women.

Older women may experience critical neuromuscular impairments interfering with controlling successful bimanual motor actions. Our study aimed to investigate altered bimanual motor performances in older women compared with younger women by focusing on kinetic and kinematic motor properties. Twenty-two older women and 22 younger women performed bimanual kinetic and kinematic motor tasks.

Transcranial direct current stimulation influences repetitive bimanual force control and interlimb force coordination.

This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on repetitive bimanual force control and force coordination in healthy young adults. In this sham-controlled crossover study, 18 right-handed young adults were enrolled. Repetitive bimanual handgrip force control trials were performed by the participants at 40% of maximum voluntary contraction until task failure.

Coexistence of condyloma acuminatum and extramammary Paget's disease on penis and scrotum: A rare case report.

Rationale: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare skin cancer that commonly occurs in sites rich in apocrine glands, such as perineum, vulva, axilla, scrotum, and penis. On the other hand, condyloma acuminatum (CA; also referred to as anogenital warts) is a common benign neoplasm caused by human papillomavirus. Few cases of coexistent EMPD and CA have been reported because of the rarity of the condition.

Chromosomal Abnormality, fetal/neonatal Death and Socioeconomic Status: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To assess the risk gradient of chromosomal abnormalities and fetal or neonatal death across a socioeconomic spectrum of pregnant women.

Methods: We used the data from the Korean Prenatal Diagnosis Study (KPDS), which included singleton pregnancies who were candidates for fetal aneuploidy screening enrolled from the Seoul Capital Area from December 2016 to April 2018. We analyzed chromosomal abnormalities which were diagnosed pre- or postnatally, and fetal or neonatal death.

Preterm labor with intact membranes: a simple noninvasive method to identify patients at risk for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation.

Objective: To develop a noninvasive scoring system to identify patients at high risk for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation, which would reduce the need for amniocentesis.

Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised patients admitted with preterm labor and intact membranes (20-34 weeks of gestation) who underwent a transabdominal amniocentesis and for whom concentrations of quantitative cervical fetal fibronectin and of maternal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. Intra-amniotic infection was defined as a positive amniotic fluid culture for microorganisms.

Sensitivity towards HDAC inhibition is associated with RTK/MAPK pathway activation in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer ranks the fifth most common and third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Alterations in the RTK/MAPK, WNT, cell adhesion, TP53, TGFβ, NOTCH, and NFκB signaling pathways could be identified as main oncogenic drivers. A combination of altered pathways can be associated with molecular subtypes of gastric cancer.

Early Infliximab Trough Levels Predict the Long-term Efficacy of Infliximab in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients with Active Crohn's Disease Comparing, between CT-P13 and Originator Infliximab.

Background/aims: The clinical efficacy and safety of CT-P13 are comparable to originator infliximab for Crohn's disease in CT-P13 3.4 study (NCT02096861). We performed a multivariate logistic analysis to demonstrate the association between early infliximab trough levels and treatment outcomes of CT-P13 and originator infliximab.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Diseases and Associations with Serum Biomarkers of Aneuploidy: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: We assessed prenatal detection rates of congenital heart disease (CHD) and associations between maternal serum biomarkers and non-chromosomal CHD in singleton pregnancies.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted as a secondary analysis of data obtained during a multicenter prospective cohort study that investigated the cost-effectiveness of prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy. We analyzed the prenatal detection rate and accuracy for CHD screening via ultrasound during the second trimester, as well as associations between serum biomarkers and CHDs, in singleton newborns without chromosomal abnormalities.

Development of in vitro three-dimensional drug screening system for obesity-related metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome is increasingly common, and closely related with overweight or obesity. In the obese state, macrophages infiltrate to the adipose tissue (AT), resulting in chronic inflammation and insulin resistance in the AT cells. Recently, attention has been paid to the role of AT macrophages in metabolic disorders should be applied to the initial drug screening step, but it was difficult to mimic the inflammatory adipocytes using the traditional 2-dimensional (2D) culture.