Clinicoepidemiological features of asymptomatic moyamoya disease in adult patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to document the natural course of asymptomatic adult moyamoya disease (MMD) and the factors related to disease progression to aid in treatment decisions.

Materials And Methods: Among 459 adult MMD patients (aged ≥ 20 years), 42 patients were included in this retrospective cohort study. Clinical records of adult asymptomatic MMD patients (n = 42) and follow-up data from September 2013 were reviewed to determine the factors related to disease progression.

Selective musculocutaneous neurotomy for spastic elbow.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and outcome of selective musculocutaneous neurotomy (SMcN) for spastic elbow.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 14 patients with spasticity of their elbows. The patients were selected using clinical and analytical scales, as well as nerve block tests, for assessment.

Sacral nerve stimulation for treatment of intractable pain associated with cauda equina syndrome.

Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an effective treatment for bladder and bowel dysfunction, and also has a role in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain. We report two cases of intractable pain associated with cauda equina syndrome (CES) that were treated successfully by SNS. The first patient suffered from intractable pelvic pain with urinary incontinence and fecal incontinence after surgery for a herniated lumbar disc.

Long term results of microsurgical dorsal root entry zonotomy for upper extremity spasticity.

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to assess the long-term results of microsurgical dorsal root entry zonotomy (MDT) for the treatment of medically intractable upper-extremity spasticity.

Methods: The records of nine adult patients who underwent MDT by one operating neurosurgeon from March 1999 to June 2004 were retrospectively reviewed by another investigator who had no role in the management of these patients. In all patients, MDT was performed on all roots of the upper limb (from C5 to T1) for spasticity of the upper extremity.

Arachnoid cyst with spontaneous intracystic hemorrhage and chronic subdural hematoma.

We report a case of arachnoid cyst in which subdural hematoma and intracystic hemorrhage developed spontaneously. Usually, arachnoid cysts are asymptomatic, but can become symptomatic because of cyst enlargement or hemorrhage, often after mild head trauma. Although they are sometimes combined with subdural hematoma, intracystic hemorrhage has rarely been observed.